Eucalyptus globoidea
{{Short description|Species of eucalyptus}}
{{Speciesbox
|name = White stringybark
|image = Eucalyptus globoidea (foliage, flowers and fruits).jpg
|image_caption = Foliage, flowers and fruits of Eucalyptus globoidea in the ANBG
|status =
|status_system =
|genus = Eucalyptus
|species = globoidea
|authority = Blakely{{cite web|title=Eucalyptus globoidea|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/612947|publisher=APNI|access-date=16 February 2019}}
|synonyms =
- Eucalyptus oblonga DC. var. oblonga
- Eucalyptus globoidea Blakely var. globoidea
- Eucalyptus oblonga DC.
- Eucalyptus deformis Blakely
- Eucalyptus yangoura Blakely
- Eucalyptus oblonga var. rugulosa Blakely
- Eucalyptus globoidea var. subsphaerica Blakely
- Eucalyptus oblonga DC. subsp. oblonga (nom. inval.)
}}
Eucalyptus globoidea, commonly known as the white stringybark, is a tree that is endemic to near-coastal areas of south-eastern Australia. It has rough, stringy bark, often furrowed on the trunk, glossy, lance-shaped to egg-shaped, often curved leaves, oval to spindle-shaped green to yellowish flower buds, white flowers and small, more or less spherical to hemispherical fruit.
Description
Eucalyptus globoidea is a tree that grows to a height of {{convert|30-40|m|ft|0}} with rough bark to the thinnest branches. The bark is grey to reddish brown and stringy, often furrowed on the trunk. The leaves on young trees are glossy green, a lighter shade on the lower side, egg-shaped to broadly lance-shaped {{convert|40-100|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long, {{convert|20-45|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide and wavy. Adult leaves are egg-shaped to lance-shaped, often curved, glossy green on both sides, {{convert|70-135|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|12-40|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide. The flowers are arranged in groups of mostly between eleven and fifteen on an angular or flattened peduncle {{convert|4-10|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long, individual flowers on a cylindrical pedicel up to {{convert|2|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long. The mature buds are green to yellowish, oval to spindle-shaped, {{convert|5-7|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|3-4|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide. The operculum is cone-shaped and about as long and wide as the flower cup. The stamens are white. Flowering occurs from July to February but mostly from September to January. The fruit is a globe-shaped to hemispherical capsule, {{convert|4-7|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|6-9|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide.{{cite web |last1=Hill |first1=Ken |title=Eucalyptus globoidea |url=http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=sp&name=Eucalyptus~globoidea |publisher=Royal Botanic Garden Sydney |access-date=17 February 2019}}{{cite web |last1=Chippendale |first1=George McCartney |title=Eucalyptus globoidea |url=https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Eucalyptus%20globoidea |publisher=Flora of Australia. Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra |access-date=17 February 2019}}{{cite web |last1=Brooker |first1=M. Ian |last2=Slee |first2=Andrew V. |title=Eucalyptus globoidea |url=https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/taxon/78d38913-6a2a-49c5-9538-a5f52deed645 |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria |access-date=17 February 2019}}{{cite web |title=Eucalyptus globoidea |url=https://apps.lucidcentral.org/euclid/text/entities/eucalyptus_globoidea.htm |publisher=Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research |access-date=2 June 2020}}
Taxonomy and naming
Eucalyptus globoidea was first formally described in 1927 by William Blakely who published the description in Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales.{{cite web|title=Eucalyptus globoidea|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/454609|publisher=APNI|access-date=16 February 2019}} The specific epithet (globoidea) is derived from the Latin word globoideus meaning "globoid", referring to the shape of the fruit.
Distribution and habitat
White stringbark grows in forest and woodland on hills and slopes on the coast and nearby tablelands, south from Woolgoolga in New South Wales to near Melbourne in Victoria.
Globoidnan A is a lignan found in E. globoidea. This molecule has been found to inhibit the action of HIV integrase,{{cite journal |vauthors=Ovenden SP, Yu J, Wan SS |title=Globoidnan A: a lignan from Eucalyptus globoidea inhibits HIV integrase |journal = Phytochemistry |volume=65 |issue=24 |pages=3255–9 |year=2004 |pmid=15561191 |doi=10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.10.006|display-authors=etal}} an enzyme which is responsible for the introduction of HIV viral RNA into a host's cellular DNA.
Image:Eucalyptus globoidea.jpg|Eucalyptus globoidea habit near Bermagui
Image:Eucalyptus globoidea bark.jpg|Bark on E. globoidea near Eden
Image:Eucalyptus oblonga coppice Grosvenor Street.jpg|Coppice leaves after fire in Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park
Image:Eucalyptus oblonga gumnuts Grosvenor Street.jpg|Fruit of Eucalyptus globoidea at Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park