Eucalyptus goniocalyx
{{short description|Species of plant}}
{{Speciesbox
|name = Long-leaved box
|image = Eucalyptus goniocalyx.jpg
|image_caption = Eucalyptus goniocalyx in Maranoa Gardens, Melbourne
|status =
|status_system =
|genus = Eucalyptus
|species = goniocalyx
|authority = F.Muell. ex Miq.{{cite web|title=Eucalyptus goniocalyx|url=https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/61539|publisher=Australian Plant Census|access-date=20 July 2019|archive-date=21 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190721024559/https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/61539|url-status=live}}
|synonyms =
- Eucalyptus cambagei H.Deane & Maiden
- Eucalyptus cambagei H.Deane & Maiden var. cambagei
- Eucalyptus elaeophora F.Muell.
- Eucalyptus goniocalyx (Wimmera)
- Eucalyptus cordieri var. brachypoma Blakely
|range_map = E. goniocalyx.JPG
|range_map_caption = Eucalyptus goniocalyx, field distribution
}}
Eucalyptus goniocalyx, commonly known as long-leaved box, olive-barked box or bundy,{{cite web |url=http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=sp&name=Eucalyptus~goniocalyx |title=Eucalyptus goniocalyx F.Muell. ex Miq. |access-date=23 June 2012 |author= |work=PlantNET - New South Wales Flora Online |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust, Sydney Australia |archive-date=23 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023202035/http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=sp&name=Eucalyptus~goniocalyx |url-status=live }} is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to southeastern Australia. It has rough, fibrous or flaky bark, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and cup-shaped, cylindrical or barrel-shaped fruit.
Description
Eucalyptus goniocalyx is a tree that typically grows to a height of {{cvt|15|m}} and forms a lignotuber. It has more or less rough, fibrous, greyish bark, although the thickness and nature depends on subspecies. Young plants and coppice regrowth have sessile, more or less round leaves {{cvt|35-110|mm}} long and {{cvt|35-100|mm}} wide arranged in opposite pairs. Adult leaves are lance-shaped to curved, {{cvt|60-250|mm}} long and {{cvt|13-40|mm}} wide on a petiole {{cvt|10-40|mm}} long. The flower buds are arranged in leaf axils in groups of seven on an unbranched peduncle {{cvt|5-15|mm}} long, the individual buds usually sessile. Mature buds are oblong to oval, {{cvt|6-11|mm}} long and {{cvt|4-7|mm}} wide with a conical to rounded operculum. Flowering occurs between March and August and the flowers are white. The fruit is a sessile, woody cup-shaped, cylindrical or barrel-shaped capsule {{cvt|5-10|mm}} long and {{cvt|6-11|mm}} with the valves below rim level or slightly protruding.{{cite web |title=Eucalyptus goniocalyx subsp. goniocalyx |url=https://apps.lucidcentral.org/euclid/text/entities/eucalyptus_goniocalyx_subsp._goniocalyx.htm |publisher=Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research |access-date=2 June 2020 |archive-date=22 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210622113232/https://apps.lucidcentral.org/euclid/text/entities/eucalyptus_goniocalyx_subsp._goniocalyx.htm |url-status=live }}{{cite web |last1=Chippendale |first1=George M. |title=Eucalyptus goniocalyx |url=https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Eucalyptus%20goniocalyx |publisher=Flora of Australia. Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra |access-date=21 July 2019}}{{cite web |last1=Brooker |first1=M. Ian H. |title=Eucalyptus goniocalyx |url=https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/taxon/373f6949-3ef7-40b3-8b65-4aeb60e21f35 |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria |access-date=21 July 2019}}{{cite book |last1=Nicolle |first1=Dean |title=Native Eucalypts of South Australia |date=2013 |publisher=Dean Nicolle |location=Adelaide |isbn=9780646904108 |pages=162–165}}
Taxonomy and naming
Eucalyptus goniocalyx was first formally described in 1856 by Friedrich Miquel from an unpublished description by Ferdinand von Mueller. Miquel published the description in the journal Nederlandsch Kruidkundig Archief.{{cite web|title=Eucalyptus goniocalyx|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/454675|publisher=APNI|access-date=21 July 2019}}{{cite journal |last1=Miquel |first1=Friedrich Anton Wilhelm |title=Stirpes Novo-Hollandas a Ferd Mullero collectas determinavit |journal=Nederlandsch Kruidkundig Archief |date=1856 |volume=4 |issue=1 |page=134 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/107019#page/174/mode/1up |access-date=21 July 2019}}
In 1997, Dean Nicolle described two subspecies, subsp. goniocalyx and exposa and in 2011, Kevin Rule described a further three subspecies, fallax, laxa and viridissima. All five are accepted subspecies at the Australian Plant Census:{{cite journal |last1=Rule |first1=Kevin James |title=Six new infraspecific taxa in Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) for Victoria |journal=Muelleria |date=2011 |volume=29 |issue=1 |pages=7–12 |url=https://www.rbg.vic.gov.au/documents/Muelleria_29%281%29%2C_Rule.pdf |access-date=21 July 2019 |archive-date=26 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190326175556/https://www.rbg.vic.gov.au/documents/Muelleria_29%281%29%2C_Rule.pdf |url-status=dead }}
- Eucalyptus goniocalyx subsp. exposa D.Nicolle{{cite web|title=Eucalyptus goniocalyx subsp. exposa|url=https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/167697|publisher=Australian Plant Census|access-date=21 July 2019|archive-date=21 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190721024604/https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/167697|url-status=live}} is a mallee with smooth bark, or thinner rough bark, small adult leaves and waxy branchlets, buds and fruit;
- Eucalyptus goniocalyx subsp. fallax Rule{{cite web|title=Eucalyptus goniocalyx subsp. fallax|url=https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/229871|publisher=Australian Plant Census|access-date=21 July 2019|archive-date=21 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190721024607/https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/229871|url-status=live}} has thin, light brown, fibrous bark that appears smooth and glaucous or blue-green juvenile leaves;
- Eucalyptus goniocalyx F.Muell. ex Miq. subsp. goniocalyx{{cite web|title=Eucalyptus goniocalyx subsp. goniocalyx|url=https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/119674|publisher=Australian Plant Census|access-date=21 July 2019|archive-date=21 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190721024607/https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/119674|url-status=live}} has thick, often crusty, scaly bark extending to the thinner branches and glaucous, or blue-green juvenile leaves;
- Eucalyptus goniocalyx subsp. laxa Rule{{cite web|title=Eucalyptus goniocalyx subsp. laxa|url=https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/229870|publisher=Australian Plant Census|access-date=21 July 2019|archive-date=21 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190721024559/https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/229870|url-status=live}} only has rough bark on the lower trunk with loosely attached, smooth, non-fibrous bark above;
- Eucalyptus goniocalyx subsp. viridissima Rule{{cite web|title=Eucalyptus goniocalyx subsp. viridissima|url=https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/229869|publisher=Australian Plant Census|access-date=21 July 2019|archive-date=21 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190721024605/https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/229869|url-status=live}} is distinguished by its glossy green juvenile leaves.{{cite web |title=Key to the subspecies of Eucalyptus goniocalyx |url=https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/key/6192 |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria |access-date=21 July 2019 |archive-date=21 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190721024604/https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/key/6192 |url-status=live }}
The specific epithet goniocalyx is from the Greek gonia meaning 'angle' and calyx (referring to the flower bud or hypanthium). The epithet exposa is from the English word and refers to the exposed habitat of the subspecies. Fallax is derived from the Latin fallax meaning 'false' or 'deceitful', referring to the deceptive appearance of the bark. The epithet laxa is derived from the Latin laxus, 'loose', referring to loosely attached bark and viridissima is based on the Latin word viridis meaning 'green' with the suffix issimus 'very', referring to the bright green juvenile leaves of the subspecies.
Distribution and habitat
Subspecies goniocalyx grows in woodland, usually on hilly, rocky ridges and is widespread south of Mudgee in New South Wales and through central Victoria. There are also scattered populations in the south-east of South Australia. Subspecies exposa only occurs in the Elder Range and Wilpena Pound areas where it grows on the summits of peaks, often with E. flindersii. Subspecies fallax is only known from a single occurrence in forest, south of Mount Blackwood, near Greendale in central Victoria. Subspecies laxa grows in well-watered, heavy soil in the Brisbane Ranges National Park and subspecies viridissima occurs in scattered populations in Victoria in such places as the Grampians and Halls Gap areas.Brooker, M.I.H. & Kleinig, D.A. Field Guide to Eucalyptus, Bloomings, Melbourne 2001
Uses
=Essential oils=
The leaves are of this species are distilled for the production of cineole based eucalyptus oil.Boland, D.J., Brophy, J.J., and A.P.N. House, Eucalyptus Leaf Oils, 1991, {{ISBN|0-909605-69-6}}