Eucalyptus uncinata
{{Short description|Species of eucalyptus}}
{{speciesbox
|name = Hook-leaved mallee
|image = Eucalyptus uncinata.jpg
|image_caption = Eucalyptus uncinata near Esperance
|status_system =
|status =
|genus = Eucalyptus
|species = uncinata
|authority = Turcz.{{cite web|title=Eucalyptus uncinata|url= https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/89147|publisher=Australian Plant Census|access-date=13 January 2020}}
|synonyms =
- Eucalyptus desertorum Naudin
- Eucalyptus dumosa var. puncticulata Benth.
- Eucalyptus puncticulata (Benth.) Blakely
- Eucalyptus uncinata var. latifolia Benth.
- Eucalyptus uncinata Turcz. var. uncinata
}}
File:Eucalyptus uncinata buds.jpgFile:Eucalyptus uncinata - Flickr - Kevin Thiele.jpg
Eucalyptus uncinata, commonly known as the hook-leaved mallee,{{FloraBase|name=Eucalyptus uncinata|id=5796}} is a species of mallee that is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds arranged in groups of nine to thirteen, creamy white flowers and barrel-shaped to oval or cylindrical fruit.
Description
Eucalyptus uncinata is a mallee that typically grows to a height of {{cvt|1-8|m}} and forms a lignotuber. It has smooth grey to light brown bark that is shed in short, curly strips, and sometimes a short stocking of fibrous bark near the base. Young plants and coppice regrowth have leaves in opposite pairs joined at their bases, each half-leaf egg-shaped to round, {{cvt|17-55|mm}} long and wide. Adult leaves are the same shade of glossy green on both sides, narrow lance-shaped to lance-shaped, {{cvt|65-115|mm}} long and {{cvt|10-25|mm}} wide, tapering to a petiole {{cvt|7-25|mm}} long. The flower buds are arranged in leaf axils in groups of nine, eleven or thirteen on a flattened, unbranched peduncle {{cvt|3-20|mm}} long, the individual buds sessile or on pedicels up to {{cvt|2|mm}} long. Mature buds are oval to spindle-shaped, {{cvt|7-15|mm}} and {{cvt|3-5|mm}} wide with a conical or rounded operculum about the same length as the floral cup. Flowering occurs between January and April and the flowers are creamy white. The fruit is a woody barrel-shaped, oval or cylindrical capsule {{cvt|5-9|mm}} and {{cvt|4-8|mm}} wide with the valves below rim level.{{cite web |title=Eucalyptus uncinata |url=https://apps.lucidcentral.org/euclid/text/entities/eucalyptus_uncinata.htm |publisher=Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research |access-date=28 May 2020}}{{cite web |last1=Chippendale |first1=George M. |title=Eucalyptus uncinata |url=https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Eucalyptus%20uncinata |publisher=Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra |access-date=13 January 2020}}
Taxonomy
Eucalyptus uncinata was first formally described by the botanist Nikolai Turczaninow in 1849 in the journal Bulletin de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou from specimens collected by James Drummond.{{cite web|title=Eucalyptus uncinata|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/455363 |publisher=APNI|access-date=13 January 2020}}{{cite journal |last1=Turczaninow |first1=Nikolai |title=Decas sexta generum plantarum hucusque non descriptorum adjectis descriptionibus specierum nonnullarum |journal=Bulletin de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou |date=1849 |volume=22 |issue=3 |page=23 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/192493#page/29/mode/1up |access-date=13 January 2020}} The specific epithet (uncinata) is from the Latin word uncinatus meaning "barbed" or "hooked", referring to the fine tip of the leaves.
Distribution and habitat
Hook-leaved mallee is found on coastal and sub-coastal sand plains and low hills between York, the Stirling Range, Salmon Gums and Israelite Bay, growing mostly in open shrubland.
The species is associated with the western mallee subgroup which is characterised by several eucalypts including Eucalyptus oleosa, Eucalyptus moderata, Eucalyptus incrassata, Eucalyptus foecunda, Eucalyptus redunca and Eucalyptus eremophila. The understorey is predominantly shrubby with species of Melaleuca and Acacia along with the occasional Triodia.{{cite web|url=https://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/pages/c838080e-2efb-4718-9342-472bf9da70e6/files/mvg32-open-mallee-woodlands-sparse-mallee-shrublands-draft.pdf|title=Open mallee woodlands and sparse mallee woodlands|access-date=6 May 2017|publisher=Commonwealth of Australia}}