Eunica
{{Short description|Genus of brush-footed butterflies}}
{{Automatic_taxobox
| image = Eunica mygdonia MHNT ventre.jpg
| image_caption = Male Eunica mygdonia (museum specimen)
| taxon = Eunica
| authority = Hübner, [1819]
| diversity = About 40 species
| diversity_link = #Species
| type_species = Papilio monima
| type_species_authority = Stoll, 1782
| synonyms =
- Amycla Doubleday, 1849 (non Rafinesque, 1815: preoccupied)
- Callianira Doubleday, 1847 (non Péron & Lesueur, 1810: preoccupied)
- Eunice Geyer, 1832 (non Rafinesque, 1815: preoccupied)
- Evonyme Hübner, 1819
- Faunia Poey, 1847 (non Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: preoccupied)
- Libythina Felder, 1861
}}
Eunica is a genus of nymphalid butterflies found in the Neotropical realm.
These butterflies have some eye-like spots on the wings. According to one research, there is an evolutionary tendency for decreasing of the number of spots.Garzón-Orduña, I.J., Silva-Brandão, K.L., Willmott, K., Freitas, A.V.L., Wahlberg, N. and Brower, A.V.Z. (2024), Wing pattern diversity in Eunica butterflies (Nymphalidae: Biblidinae): phylogenetic analysis implies decoupled adaptive trends in dorsal sexual dimorphism and ventral eyespot evolution. Cladistics, 40: 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12556
Species
File:Concordia (Sandbar) purplewing (Eunica concordia).JPG
File:Pusilla purplewing (Eunica pusilla).JPG
The genus contains the following species, listed alphabetically:[http://www.nymphalidae.net/Classification/Epicaliini.htm Epicaliini] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723231247/http://www.nymphalidae.net/Classification/Epicaliini.htm |date=2011-07-23 }}, Nymphalidae Study Group website[http://www.nic.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/papilionoidea/nymphalidae/biblidinae/eunica/ "Eunica Hübner, [1819]"] at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20120510121354/http://www.learnaboutbutterflies.com/Amazon%20thumbs%20-%20Nymphalidae%201.htm Identification Guide - Nymphalidae 1]}}, Butterflies of Amazonia
- Eunica Chepkorir Rono (Doubleday, [1847])
- Eunica alpais (Godart, [1824])
- Eunica amelia (Cramer, [1777])
- Eunica amycla (Godart, [1824])
- Eunica anna (Cramer, 1780)
- Eunica araucana C. & R. Felder, 1862
- Eunica bechina (Hewitson, 1852)
- Eunica brunnea Salvin, 1869
- Eunica caelina (Godart, [1824])
- Eunica caralis (Hewitson, 1857)
- Eunica carias (Hewitson, 1857)
- Eunica chlorochroa (Salvin, 1869) - Mira purplewing
- Eunica clytia (Hewitson, 1852)
- Eunica concordia (Hewitson, 1852) – sandbar purplewing
- Eunica cuvierii (Godart, [1819]) – Cuvier's purplewing
- Eunica eburnea Fruhstorfer, 1907
- Eunica elegans Salvin, 1869
- Eunica eurota (Cramer, [1775])
- Eunica evelide Bates, 1864
- Eunica incognita Jenkins, 1990
- Eunica ingens Seitz, 1915
- Eunica interphasis Jenkins, 1990
- Eunica heraclites Gundlach, 1881
- Eunica macris (Godart, [1824])
- Eunica maja (Fabricius, 1775)
- Eunica malvina Bates, 1864 – Malvina purplewing
- Eunica margarita (Godart, [1824])
- Eunica marsolia (Godart, [1824])
- Eunica mira Godman & Salvin, 1877
- Eunica monima (Stoll, [1782]) - dingy purplewing
- Eunica mygdonia (Godart, [1824])
- Eunica norica (Hewitson, 1852) – Norica purplewing
- Eunica olympias C. & R. Felder, 1862
- Eunica orphise (Cramer, [1775])
- Eunica phasis C. & R. Felder, 1862
- Eunica pomona (C. & R. Felder, [1867]) – rounded purplewing
- Eunica pusilla Bates, 1864 - pusilla purplewing
- Eunica sophonisba (Cramer, [1782]) – glorious purplewing
- Eunica sydonia (Godart, [1824]) – Godart's purplewing
- Eunica tatila (Herrich-Schaeffer, [1855]) – Florida purplewing
- Eunica venusia (C. & R. Felder, 1867)
- Eunica veronica Bates, 1864
- Eunica viola Bates, 1864
- Eunica violetta Staudinger, [1885]
- Eunica volumna (Godart, [1824])
References
{{Reflist}}
- Jenkins, D. W. 1990. Neotropical Nymphalidae. VIII. Revision of Eunica. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum 131:1-175.
- Lamas, G. (ed.) 2004. Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. (Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea to Papilionoidea). Scientific Publishers, Gainesville, Florida.
External links
- [http://tolweb.org/Eunica/70457 Eunica], Tree of Life
{{Taxonbar|from=Q2702924}}