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Euphrates Volcano

{{distinguish|Burkan al-Furat}}

{{Short description|2014–15 Syrian Civil War rebel operation}}

{{infobox war faction

| name = Euphrates Volcano{{cite web|url=http://aranews.net/2014/09/ypg-fsa-form-joint-military-chamber-combat-isis-syria/|title=YPG and FSA form a joint military chamber to combat ISIS in Syria|publisher=ARA News|last=Bizar|first=Redwan|date=12 September 2014|accessdate=8 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141014063318/http://aranews.net/2014/09/ypg-fsa-form-joint-military-chamber-combat-isis-syria/|archive-date=14 October 2014|url-status=dead}}

| native_name = بركان الفرات (Arabic)

| native_name_lang = Ar

| war = Syrian Civil War

| image = 250px

| caption = The emblem is a shield with the flags of the FSA and YPG on either side of the Euphrates river, with a volcano surrounded by a sun in the background

| active = 10 September 2014{{cite web|url=http://aranews.net/2014/09/ypg-fsa-launch-joint-military-operations-islamic-state-northern-syria/|title=YPG and FSA launch joint military operations against Islamic State in northern Syria|last=Ali|first=Jan|publisher=ARA News|date=13 September 2014|accessdate=8 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140913032746/http://aranews.net/2014/09/ypg-fsa-launch-joint-military-operations-islamic-state-northern-syria/|archive-date=13 September 2014|url-status=dead}} – 10 October 2015{{cite web|url=https://medium.com/@badly_xeroxed/syrian-opposition-groups-infographics-updates-19c1f20d06d6|title=Syrian Opposition group infographics [updates]|date=17 November 2016|access-date=19 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161215174725/https://medium.com/@badly_xeroxed/syrian-opposition-groups-infographics-updates-19c1f20d06d6|archive-date=15 December 2016|url-status=dead}}

| ideology =

| clans = {{ clist

| title = {{-}}

| {{tree list}}

{{tree list/end}}

}}

| leaders =

| headquarters =

| area = Aleppo Governorate and Raqqa Governorate

| size =

| partof =

| predecessor =

| successor = 25px Syrian Democratic Forces{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/world/2015/12/02/us-backed-syrian-democratic-forces-emerges-as-force-against-isis.html|title=U.S.-backed Syrian Democratic Forces emerges as force against ISIS|website=Toronto Star|date=2 December 2015|agency=Associated Press|accessdate=5 December 2015|archive-date=3 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151203150634/http://www.thestar.com/news/world/2015/12/02/us-backed-syrian-democratic-forces-emerges-as-force-against-isis.html|url-status=live}} (October 2015)

| allies = {{Clist

| title= {{-}}

| {{Plainlist|

}}

}}

| opponents = {{flag|Islamic State}}

| battles = {{clist

| title = Syrian Civil War

| {{Plainlist|

  • Rojava conflict
  • Siege of Kobanî{{cite web|url=http://aranews.net/2014/10/kobane-turned-hell-isis-official/|title='Kobane has turned into hell for ISIS': official|last=Bizar|first=Redwan|date=26 October 2014|publisher=ARA News|accessdate=8 June 2015|archive-date=9 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171009042217/http://aranews.net/2014/10/kobane-turned-hell-isis-official/|url-status=dead}}
  • US intervention in the Syrian civil war
  • Battle of Sarrin (March–April 2015)
  • Tell Abyad offensive (2015){{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/kurdish-syrian-force-advances-on-key-border-town-held-by-islamic-state/2015/06/13/07355388-11db-11e5-a0fe-dccfea4653ee_story.html?tid=pm_world_pop_b|title=Kurdish-Syrian force advances on key border town held by Islamic State|last=Sly|first=Liz|date=13 June 2015|newspaper=Washington Post|accessdate=14 June 2015|archive-date=1 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190501203746/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/kurdish-syrian-force-advances-on-key-border-town-held-by-islamic-state/2015/06/13/07355388-11db-11e5-a0fe-dccfea4653ee_story.html?tid=pm_world_pop_b|url-status=live}}
  • Battle of Sarrin (June–July 2015)
  • Kobanî massacre

}}

}}

}}

Euphrates Volcano ({{langx|ar|بُرْكَان الْفُرَات|Burkān al-Furāt}}) was a joint operations room/coalition established during the Syrian Civil War. It mainly consisted of the Syrian Kurdish People's Protection Units (YPG) and certain factions of the Free Syrian Army (FSA). The group fought to expel the Islamic State from Aleppo and Raqqa provinces. In an October 2015 publication, the Washington D.C.-based Institute for the Study of War considered Euphrates Volcano as one of the "powerbrokers" in Aleppo Province, being primarily "anti-ISIS" but not necessarily "anti-regime".{{cite web|author1=Jennifer Cafarella|author2=Genevieve Casagrande|title=Syrian Opposition Guide|publisher=Institute for the Study of War|series=Backgrounder|url=http://www.understandingwar.org/sites/default/files/Syrian%20Opposition%20Guide_0.pdf|date=7 October 2015|page=3|journal=|access-date=5 December 2015|archive-date=6 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180206120150/http://www.understandingwar.org/sites/default/files/Syrian%20Opposition%20Guide_0.pdf|url-status=live}}

History

In September 2014, several Free Syrian Army groups released a video addressing the Siege of Kobani in which they issued a joint statement pledging to defend the city from ISIS and asking for aid from western countries to do so. The Wall Street Journal noted that the flag of the YPG featured prominently in the video, indicating the possibility of YPG cooperation with the FSA.{{Citation|title=Who Are Syria's Moderate Rebels? Good Question.|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=djnaeQ1f_io|language=en|access-date=2021-09-22|archive-date=2014-12-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141205054517/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=djnaeQ1f_io&index=98&list=PLqQNt9DP_BNC7F9CsQsDO4cbxX3AxF0h7|url-status=live}}

This was proved true later that year, when YPG members started to train FSA members, eventually leading to the establishment of the Euphrates Volcano, which deepened the alliance between the PYD and Kobani FSA. {{cite web|url=http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2014/09/turkey-kurdistan-iraq-syria-us-isis-pkk-global-legitimacy.html|title=Islamic State helping the PKK to gain global legitimacy|last=Zaman|first=Amberin|publisher=Al Monitor|date=16 September 2014|accessdate=8 June 2015|archive-date=27 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150627200305/http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2014/09/turkey-kurdistan-iraq-syria-us-isis-pkk-global-legitimacy.html|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=http://www.joshualandis.com/blog/factions-kobani-ayn-al-arab/|title=The Factions of Kobani (Ayn al-Arab)|last=Al-Tamimi|first=Aymenn Jawad|publisher=Syria Comment|date=21 November 2014|accessdate=8 June 2015|archive-date=24 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141124081042/http://www.joshualandis.com/blog/factions-kobani-ayn-al-arab/|url-status=live}}

The capture of Tell Abyad from ISIS in July 2015 was a major success of the Euphrates Volcano operations room.{{cite web |url=http://aranews.net/2015/06/kurdish-fighters-and-allied-syrian-rebels-continue-progress-against-isis-north-raqqa/ |title=Kurdish fighters and allied Syrian rebels continue progress against ISIS north Raqqa |publisher=ARA News |last=Bizar |first=Redwan |date=8 June 2015 |accessdate=8 June 2015 |quote=“Our campaign will not stop until liberating Tell Abyad and expelling Islamic State terrorists out of the area,” Darwish said. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150608084209/http://aranews.net/2015/06/kurdish-fighters-and-allied-syrian-rebels-continue-progress-against-isis-north-raqqa/ |archive-date=8 June 2015 |url-status=dead }}{{cite web |url= https://www.stratfor.com/analysis/how-islamic-state-victories-shape-syrian-civil-war |title= How Islamic State Victories Shape the Syrian Civil War |publisher= Stratfor |agency= |last= |first= |date= 2 June 2015 |accessdate= 8 June 2015 |quote= Over the past week, the Euphrates Volcano outfit, which is affiliated with the Free Syrian Army, openly targeted the Islamic State-held town of Tal Abyad in northern Raqaa province. |archive-date= 4 June 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150604143121/https://www.stratfor.com/analysis/how-islamic-state-victories-shape-syrian-civil-war |url-status= live }}

On 10 October 2015, the Euphrates Volcano was one of the founding members of the Syrian Democratic Forces.{{cite web|url=http://kurdishquestion.com/index.php/kurdistan/west-kurdistan/declaration-of-establishment-by-democratic-syria-forces/1179-declaration-of-establishment-by-democratic-syria-forces.html|title=Previous Articles List - KurdishQuestion.com|access-date=2016-04-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224085811/http://kurdishquestion.com/index.php/kurdistan/west-kurdistan/declaration-of-establishment-by-democratic-syria-forces/1179-declaration-of-establishment-by-democratic-syria-forces.html|archive-date=2016-02-24|url-status=dead}} Soon after the formation of the SDF, the Euphrates Volcano was superseded by various other groups and military councils within the SDF. It was one of the few operations rooms which had been set up by non-government forces during the civil war that were able to transform into a "semi-stable" alliance.{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ALpkDgAAQBAJ|title=The Future of ISIS: Regional and International Implications|date=26 June 2018|publisher=Brookings Institution|page=97|isbn=9780815732174|access-date=4 August 2018|archive-date=28 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211228015114/https://books.google.com/books?id=ALpkDgAAQBAJ|url-status=live}}

See also

References

{{notelist}}

{{reflist|30em}}

External links

  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20160805083257/http://aranews.net/tag/burkan-al-furat/ Burkan al-Furat Archives - ARA News]

{{Sister project links |commons=Category:Syrian Civil War (2011-present) |n=Category:2011 Syria anti-government protests |wikt=no |b=no |q=no |s=no |v=no |species=no |display=the Syrian civil war}}

{{Syrian Civil War}}

{{coord missing|Syria}}

Category:Anti-Assad factions of the Syrian civil war

Category:Anti-ISIL factions in Syria

Category:Operations rooms of the Syrian civil war

Category:Aleppo Governorate in the Syrian civil war

Category:Kurdish organisations

Category:Syrian Democratic Forces

Category:Free Syrian Army

Category:Military units and formations established in 2014