Eutrochium maculatum
{{Short description|Species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae}}
{{Speciesbox
| name = Spotted joe-pyeweed
| image = Flower Buds.JPG
| image_caption = Portage, Michigan
| status = G5
| status_system = TNC
| genus = Eutrochium
| species = maculatum
| authority = (L.) E.E.Lamont
| synonyms_ref = {{ThePlantList |id=gcc-51805 |taxon=Eutrochium maculatum |authority=(L.) E.E.Lamont}}
| synonyms = {{collapsible list|bullets = true
|title=Synonymy
|Eupatorium maculatum L.
|Eupatorium purpureum subsp. maculatum (L.) Á.Löve & D.Löve
|Eupatorium purpureum var. maculatum (L.) Voss
|Eupatorium trifoliatum var. maculatum (L.) Farw.
|Eupatoriadelphus maculatus (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
|Eupatorium maculatum f. eresinatum Lepage
|Eupatorium maculatum var. urticifolium Barratt ex Alph.Wood
|Eupatorium purpureum var. maculatum (L.) Darl.
|Eupatoriadelphus maculatus var. bruneri (A.Gray) R.M.King & H.Rob., syn of var. bruneri
|Eupatorium maculatum var. bruneri (A.Gray) Breitung, syn of var. bruneri
|Eupatorium maculatum subsp. bruneri (A.Gray) G.W.Douglas, syn of var. bruneri
|Eupatorium purpureum var. bruneri (A.Gray) B.L.Rob., syn of var. bruneri
|Eupatorium trifoliatum var. bruneri (A.Gray) Farw., syn of var. bruneri
|Eupatorium bruneri var. foliosum (Fernald) House, syn of var. foliosum
|Eupatorium maculatum var. foliosum (Fernald) Wiegand, syn of var. foliosum
|Eupatorium purpureum var. foliosum Fernald, syn of var. foliosum
|Eupatorium trifoliatum var. foliosum (Fernald) Farw., syn of var. foliosum
}}
}}
Eutrochium maculatum, the spotted joe-pyeweed,{{GRIN | accessdate = 14 January 2018}} is a North American species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is widespread through much of the United States and Canada.[http://planthardiness.gc.ca/index.pl?lang=en&m=7&speciesid=1004568 Eutrochium maculatum], Natural Resources Canada It is the only species of the genus Eutrochium found west of the Great Plains.{{BONAP |genus=Eutrochium |species=maculatum |date=2014}}
This herbaceous perennial sometimes grows as high as {{convert|2|m|0|abbr=on}}. Stems are sometimes completely purple, sometimes green with purple spots. One plant can produce numerous rose-purple flower heads in late summer, each head with 8-22 disc flowers but no ray flowers.{{cite book|title=RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants|year=2008|publisher=Dorling Kindersley|location=United Kingdom|isbn=978-1405332965|pages=1136}} The specific name maculatum, meaning spotted, refers to the purple spots on the stem.Dickinson, T.; Metsger, D.; Bull, J.; & Dickinson, R. (2004) ROM Field Guide to Wildflowers of Ontario. Toronto:Royal Ontario Museum, p. 164.
Spotted joe-pyeweed thrives in marshes, rich fens and swamps. It also does well in man-made moist expanses such as ditches, seepage areas and wet fields. Above all else the plant flourishes in the non-shaded environments that are also abundant in wetlands.{{cite web |title=Eutrochium maculatum var. maculatum |url=http://atlas.nyflora.org/ecology.asp?plantID=6992 |publisher=New York Flora Association |year=2005 |accessdate=2008-09-24 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{eFloras|1|250066768|Eutrochium maculatum |tribe=Eupatorieae |first= Eric E. |last=Lamont}}
It is a larval host to the Clymene moth, the eupatorium borer moth, the ruby tiger moth, and the three-lined flower moth.The Xerces Society (2016), Gardening for Butterflies: How You Can Attract and Protect Beautiful, Beneficial Insects, Timber Press. The plant also attracts butterflies and honeybees.{{Cite web|title=Eutrochium maculatum - Plant Finder|url=https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=292659|access-date=2021-11-30|website=www.missouribotanicalgarden.org}}{{Cite web|title=Eutrochium maculatum (Joe-Pye-weed, Queen of the Meadow, Spotted Joe-pye-weed, Spotted Trumpet Weed) {{!}} North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox|url=https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/eutrochium-maculatum/|access-date=2021-11-30|website=plants.ces.ncsu.edu}}
Varieties
The following varieties are known:
- Eutrochium maculatum var. bruneri (A. Gray) E. E. Lamont - western Canada (British Columbia to Saskatchewan), western USA (Minnesota west to Idaho, south to Arizona + New Mexico)
- Eutrochium maculatum var. foliosum (Fernald) E. E. Lamont - eastern Canada (Newfoundland to Ontario), northern USA (Maine to Minnesota)
- Eutrochium maculatum var. maculatum - eastern Canada (Newfoundland to Ontario), eastern USA (Maine to Minnesota, south to northern Georgia)
Cultivars
The following cultivars are recipients of the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit (listed under the synonym Eupatorium maculatum):-
- (Atropurpureum Group) 'Orchard Dene' {{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/253130/Eupatorium-maculatum-(Atropurpureum-Group)-Orchard-Dene/Details | title = Eupatorium maculatum (Atropurpureum Group) 'Orchard Dene' | publisher = RHS | accessdate = 23 June 2020}}
- (Atropurpureum Group) 'Purple Bush' {{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/208785/Eupatorium-maculatum-(Atropurpureum-Group)-Purple-Bush/Details | title = Eupatorium (Atropurpureum Group) 'Purple Bush' | publisher = RHS | accessdate = 23 June 2020}}
- (Atropurpureum Group) 'Riesenschirm' {{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/253158/Eupatorium-maculatum-(Atropurpureum-Group)-Riesenschirm/Details | title = Eupatorium maculatum (Atroput]rpureum Group) 'Riesenschirm' | publisher = RHS | accessdate = 23 June 2020}}
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Commons category-inline}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1951405}}
Category:Flora of the United States
Category:Butterfly food plants
Category:Flora without expected TNC conservation status
{{Eupatorieae-stub}}