Farmhouse

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File:Einsiedeln IMG 2819.JPG]]

File:The Devil's Farmhouse in Mellieha, Malta.jpeg in Mellieħa, Malta, built by the Order of St. John with limestone]]

A farmhouse is a building that serves as the primary quarters in a rural or agricultural setting. Historically, farmhouses were often combined with space for animals called a housebarn. Other farmhouses may be connected to one or more barns, built to form a courtyard, or with each farm building separate from each other.{{cite book|last1=Airs|first1=Malcolm|editor1-last=Jones|editor1-first=Norman|editor2-last=Tittler|editor2-first=Robert|title=A Companion to Tudor Britain|date=2004|publisher=Blackwell Publishing Ltd|location=Oxford, UK|isbn=978-0-631-23618-4|pages=483–486|url=http://au.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-063123618X.html|access-date=4 August 2015|chapter=26: Architecture, Politics and Society|url-access=registration }}{{cite book|last1=Ashby|first1=Wallace|title=Farmhouse plans|date=1934|publisher=U.S. Dept. of Agriculture|location=Washington, D.C.|url=http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiug.30112019286936|access-date=4 August 2015}}

Ranch house

A rancho (from Spanish : rancho / Mexican Spanish ) is a tract of land, including various structures, given over primarily to cattle ranching, the practice of raising grazing livestock such as cattle and sheep.{{Cite web|title=Ranchos in California: The Spanish and Mexican Eras|url=https://www.californiafrontier.net/ranchos-in-california/|access-date=2025-04-30|work=www.californiafrontier.net}} It's a subtype of truss. These terms are most often applied to livestock operations in Mexico, the western United States and Western Canada, although there are ranches in other areas as well. A ranch (also known as an American ranch, California ranch, rambler or rancher) is an interior architectural style that originated in the United States.{{Cite web|title=Ranch Area of landscape used for ranching|url=https://wikidocumentaries-demo.wmcloud.org/wikipedia/en/Cattle_husbandry?language=en|access-date=2025-04-30|work=wikidocumentaries-demo.wmcloud.org}} The ranch style home is known for its long, close to the ground profile and wide open floor plan. The style combined modernist ideas and styles with American West period notions of wide open spaces to create a very informal and casual lifestyle.{{Cite web|title=Willey House Stories Part 2 - Influencing Vernacular Architecture - Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation|url=https://franklloydwright.org/willey-house-stories-part-2-influencing-vernacular-architecture/|access-date=2025-04-30|work=franklloydwright.org}}

First appearing as a residential style in the 1920s,{{Cite web|title=What is a Ranch-Style House?|url=https://www.bhg.com/what-is-a-ranch-style-home-7482432|access-date=2025-04-30|work=www.bhg.com}}{{Cite web|title=Ranch Style House, Definition, and Types of the Ranch Style Homes. Homes Direct Blog|url=https://www.thehomesdirect.com/blog/ranch-style-house-definition-and-types-of-the-ranch-style-homes/1000|access-date=2025-04-30|work=thehomesdirect.com}} the ranch was extremely popular with the burgeoning post-war middle class of the 1940s through the 1970s. The style is often associated with tract housing built during this time, especially in the southwestern United States, which experienced a population explosion during this period, with a corresponding demand for housing. Architect Cliff May is often credited with pioneering ranch house design in the 1930s, designing it as a comfortable and affordable living space tailored to the needs of the average American family.{{Cite web|title=Exploring Ranch House Architecture: Key Elements and Inspirations|url=https://archivaldesigns.com/blogs/house-plan-news/exploring-ranch-house-architecture-key-elements-and-inspirations|access-date=2025-04-30|work=archivaldesigns.com}} The style was soon exported to other countries and became popular worldwide. Its popularity waned in the late twentieth century as neo-eclectic house styles with historic and traditional decor became more popular.

Preservation movements have begun in some ranch house neighborhoods, fueled by interest in the style from a younger generation that did not grow up in such homes. This revival has been compared to what other house styles, such as the bungalow and Queen Anne, experienced in the twentieth century.{{Cite web|title=A Century of Style: Portland’s Architecture from the 1850s to Today|url=https://www.arciform.com/blog/a-century-of-style-portlands-architecture-from-the-1850s-to-today|access-date=2025-04-30|work=www.arciform.com}}

Options include California Ranch, Suburban Ranch, Multi-Level Ranch, Elevated Ranch, and Book Ranch.

Types of farmhouses

= Europe =

Types of farmhouses in Europe include the following:

File:Farmhouse upper Trenta Soca 06052006 63.jpg|Typical farmhouse in Triglav National Park, Slovenia

File:Abernodwydd Farmhouse, St Fagans Museum of Welsh Life.jpg|A half-timbered farmhouse in Wales

File:Matin Talo, Kokemaki.jpeg|A farmhouse in Kokemäki, Finland

File:Famous cottage in Haapsu, Saare County.jpg|A farmhouse in Haapsu, Saaremaa, Estonia

== France ==

A Bresse house ({{langx|fr|Ferme bressane}}) is a type of farmhouse found in the Bresse region and characterized by its long length, brick walls and wooden roof.{{cite web|title=Bresse Farms |url=http://www.bresse-bourguignonne.com/discovery.../architecture/bresse-farms-2-11.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923194446/http://www.bresse-bourguignonne.com/discovery.../architecture/bresse-farms-2-11.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=23 September 2015 |website=bresse-bourguignonne |publisher=Office de Tourisme du Pays de la Bresse Bourguignonne |access-date=4 August 2015 }}Monmarché, Georges (1949). France, Les Guides Bleu, English series, Nagel, p. 170.

A Mas is a traditional farmhouse unique to Provence and Southern France.{{cite web |title=Mas |url=http://www.cnrtl.fr/lexicographie/mas? |website=Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales |access-date=3 August 2015 }}{{cite book |last=Massot |first=Jean-Luc |title=Maisons rurales et vie paysanne en Provence. L'habitat en ordre dispersé |date=1 January 1995 |publisher=Serg/Berger-Levrault |location=Paris |isbn=2701303354 |pages=152–157 }}

== Germany ==

File:Mitteldeutsches Haus.png in Klein Schöppenstedt near Cremlingen around 1900]]

Historically there were three main types of German farmhouses, many of which survive today. The Low German house or Niedersachsenhaus (Lower Saxony house) is found mainly on the North German Plain, but also in large parts of the Netherlands. It is a large structure with a sweeping roof supported by two to four rows of internal posts. The large barn door at the gable end opens into a spacious hall, or Deele, with cattle stalls and barns on either side and living accommodation at the end. The Middle German house may also be a single unit, but access is from the side, and the roof is supported by the outside walls. Later this type of mitteldeutsches Haus was expanded to two or more buildings around a rectangular farmyard, often with a second story. The South German house is found in southern Germany and has two main variants, the Swabian or Black Forest house and the Bavarian farmstead.{{Dickinson's Germany|pages=152–154}}

== Italy ==

A Cascina a corte is a courtyard building whose arrangement is based on the Roman villa found in the Po Valley of northern Italy.{{citation needed|date=August 2015}}

A house called {{illm|Casa colonica|it|Casa colonica}} in Italy is a type of farmhouse where the residents work the land but do not own the farm.{{cite journal |last=Lazzaro |first=Claudia |title=Rustic Country House to Refined Farmhouse: The Evolution and Migration of an Architectural Form |journal=Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians |date=December 1985 |volume=44 |issue=4 |page=347 |jstor=990113 |publisher=University of California Press on behalf of the Society of Architectural Historians |doi=10.2307/990113 }}

== Malta ==

Ta' Tabibu farmhouse and Ta' Xindi Farmhouse are two typical Maltese farmhouses built with the use of Limestone material. In Maltese a farmhouse is called Razzett.{{cite web|title=Ta Tabibu Farmhouse|url=http://8472cdn.biz/gallery/index.php?/category/111|website=8472cdn.biz|access-date=28 August 2015|language=de}}[https://web.archive.org/web/20160301221532/http://www.culturalheritage.gov.mt/filebank/inventory/01222v2.pdf "National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands"], Ta' Xindi Farmhouse, Scheduled 1994, Published 28 December 2012; accessed 2 January 2016, p. 1-2. Other examples of Maltese farmhouses are the Ta' Cisju Farmhouse and The Devil's Farmhouse.

File:Ta' Tabibu Farmhouse.png|Ta' Tabibu farmhouse at St. Paul's Bay, Malta

File:Ta' Xindi Farmhouse.jpeg|Ta' Xindi Farmhouse at San Gwann, Malta

= North America =

Types of farmhouses in North America include the following:

== Canada ==

File:Victorian Farmhouse-Whitchurch-Stouffville Museum and Community Centre-Vandorf-Ontario-20220611.jpg]]

Canadian farmhouses were influenced by European settlers. In Quebec, the style varied from Gothic to Swiss, with the kitchen being the most important room in the house.{{cite book |last=Nobbs |first=Percy |editor1-last=Shortt |editor1-first=Adam |editor2-last=Doughty |editor2-first=Arthur G. |title=French Canadian Architecture in Canada and Its Provinces Vol. XII |publisher=Glasgow, Brook & Company |location=Toronto |pages=667–671 |url=http://faculty.marianopolis.edu/c.belanger/quebechistory/FrenchCanadianArchitecture-LarchitectureauQuebec.htm |access-date=3 August 2015 }} In Ontario, the farmhouses of the late 19th century were of Victorian influence. Earlier ones used clapboard and later variations had brick. Many had front porches. In the west, dwellings varied from single-story wooden homesteads to straw huts. Wooden houses were built later as railroads brought wood from the Rockies (Alberta, British Columbia). By the early 1900s houses could be purchased as kits from several Canadian and American companies.{{cite web|title=What is a Sears Modern Home?|url=http://www.searsarchives.com/homes/index.htm|publisher=Sears|access-date=4 August 2015|date=21 March 2012}}{{cite web|title=Kit Home Information|url=http://www.arts-crafts.com/archive/kithome/|website=The Arts & Crafts Society|access-date=4 August 2015}}

== United States ==

File:2023-10-12 13 30 14 Old farmhouse and barn along Federal City Road across from the entrance to the Reed-Bryan Farm at Mercer Meadows in Hopewell Township, Mercer County, New Jersey.jpg

American farmhouses had a straightforward construction designed to function amidst a working farm in a rural setting. They had a simple rectangular floor plan, usually built with local materials, and included a dominant centrally-located fireplace for cooking and heating.