Fath 360
{{Short description|Iranian tactical ballistic missile}}
{{Use American English|date=October 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2022}}
{{Infobox weapon
| name = Fath-360
| image = Sacred Defence Week parade, 2022, in Tehran (101).jpg
| image_size =
| caption = Fath 360 missiles mounted on a 6x6 truck.
| origin = Iran
| type = Tactical ballistic missile
| is_ranged = yes
| is_missile = yes
| is_UK =
| service =
| used_by = See operators
| wars =
| production_date =
| number = Unknown
| variants =
| weight = {{cvt|787|kg}} (total weight){{cite web | url=https://asiatimes.com/2022/09/irans-new-fath-360-looks-and-acts-like-a-himars/ | title=Iran's new Fath 360 looks and acts like a HIMARS | date=16 September 2022 }}
{{cvt|150|kg}} (warhead)
| length = {{cvt|5175|mm}} (Missile)
| part_length =
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| action =
| rate =
| range = {{cvt|30-120|km}}
| max_range =
| feed =
| sights =
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| recoil =
| carriage =
| elevation =
| traverse =
| blade_type =
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| filling = High-explosive
| filling_weight = {{cvt|150|kg}}
| detonation =
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| engine =
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}}
Fath-360 (Persian: فتح-۳۶۰), also known as BM-120, is an Iranian short-range satellite-guided tactical ballistic missile announced on the Islamic Republic of Iran Army Day, April 18, 2022. They are built by the Aerospace Industries Organization (AIO).{{cite web | url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/2566146/amp | title=Iran to deliver hundreds of ballistic missiles to Russia soon, intel sources say }} The Fath-360 is reportedly among the ballistic missiles Iran provided Russia during its invasion of Ukraine.{{Cite web |title=Iran's Missiles Push It Closer to Russia — at the West's Expense |url=https://thedefensepost.com/2024/11/14/iranian-missiles-ukraine-war/ |access-date=2025-05-20 |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |last=Bermudez |first=Krystal |date=2024-09-10 |title=Blinken Confirms Iranian Ballistic Missile Transfers to Russia |url=https://www.fdd.org/analysis/2024/09/10/blinken-confirms-iranian-ballistic-missile-transfers-to-russia/ |access-date=2025-05-20 |website=FDD |language=en}}
History
On August 10, 2024, Reuters claimed that Russian soldiers were visiting Iran to train on the Fath 360, following up on a previous contract allegedly signed on December 13th between the two countries.{{cite news|last1=Deutsch|first1=Anthony|last2=Balmforth|first2=Tom|last3=Landay|first3=Jonathan|date=10 August 2024|title=Exclusive: Iran to deliver hundreds of ballistic missiles to Russia soon, intel sources say|url=https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/iran-deliver-hundreds-ballistic-missiles-russia-soon-intel-sources-say-2024-08-09/|work=Reuters|access-date=3 September 2024}} It was reported that Russia received the missiles on September 4, 2024.{{cite web | url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidaxe/2024/09/10/russia-just-got-200-ballistic-missiles-from-iran-its-an-escalation-of-the-war-in-ukraine-and-it-might-backfire-on-russia/ | title=Russia Just Got 200 Ballistic Missiles from Iran. It's an Escalation of the War in Ukraine—And It Might Backfire on Russia | website=Forbes }}
Design
It is believed that Fath 360 is a shorter version of Fateh family of SRBMs.{{cite web | url=https://en.defence-ua.com/weapon_and_tech/fath_360_and_ababil_from_iran_for_russia_what_are_these_missiles_and_what_are_the_main_differences_from_the_fateh_110-11474.html | title=Fath-360 and Ababil from iran for russia: What Are These Missiles and What Are the Main Differences from the Fateh-110? | work=Defense Express }} Its light weight and small dimensions allow several of these missiles to be put on a truck-based launcher.
With {{cvt|30 to 120|km}} of range, each can carry a {{cvt|150|kg}} warhead and be launched with the speed of Mach 3 (1020 m/s). Then they connect to satellites for rapid homing and hit their targets with the speed of Mach 4 (1361 m/s).{{cite news |url=https://farsnews.ir/news/14010618000556/%D8%A2%D9%86%DA%86%D9%87-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%B1%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4-%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1-40-%DA%AF%D8%B0%D8%B4%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%B4%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9-%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B4%DA%A9-%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%AD-360-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%A7 |title=آنچه در رزمایش اقتدار 1401 گذشت/ از شلیک موشک فتح 360 برای اولین بار تا عملیات شبانه بالگردها |date=2022-09-09 |work=Fars News Agency }}
= Missile =
The Fath 360 was first shown under the name of Fath in a military exhibition on August 21, 2020. As a family of Fateh SRBMs, it is almost half the size of a Fateh-110. But it has the same configuration of fins. Four at the end of it near the exhaust, four other triangular shaped fins just above them and four small ones in front of missile near the nosecone.
= Launcher =
= Guidance =
Operators
- {{flag|Iran}}
- Islamic Republic of Iran Army Ground Forces{{sfn|IISS|2025a|page=338}}
- Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Ground Forces{{sfn|IISS|2025a|page=339}}
- {{flag|Russia}}
- Russian Ground Forces{{sfn|IISS|2025|page=182}}
Operational history
Fath-360 was first test fired during the Eghtedar 1401 military drills at Nasrabad, Isfahan.{{cite web | url=https://www.eurasiantimes.com/himars-hysteria-iran-claims-testing-indigenous-fath-360/ | title=HIMARS Hysteria! Iran Claims Testing Indigenous Fath 360 Missiles That is 'Very Similar' to US Army's MLRS | date=20 September 2022 }}
Reports also say that Fath-360 has been used to attack the positions of KDPI in Northern Iraq on September 28, 2022.{{Cite news |last= |first= |date=28 September 2022 |title=Iran strikes Kurdish opposition groups with 'missiles, suicide drones |url=https://www.rudaw.net/english/middleeast/iran/280920221}}See 2022 Koya bombings.
In September 2024, Ukrainian intelligence claimed that 200 missiles were delivered to Russia. Sources from European intelligence told Reuters in August 2024 that Russian personnel are being trained in Iran to operate Fath-360 missiles.{{cite web |last1=Ganzeveld |first1=Annika |last2=Campa |first2=Kelly |last3=Reddy |first3=Ria |last4=Parry |first4=Andie |last5=Kishore |first5=Siddhant |last6=Tyson |first6=Kathryn |last7=Moorman |first7=Carolyn |last8=Carter |first8=Brian |title=Iran Update, September 9, 2024 |url=https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/iran-update-september-9-2024 |website=Institute for the Study of War |access-date=16 February 2025 |language=en |date=9 September 2024}}
References
{{Reflist}}
=Bibliography=
{{Refbegin}}
- {{cite journal |last1=International Institute for Strategic Studies |title=Chapter Four: Russia and Eurasia |journal=The Military Balance |date=11 February 2025 |volume=125 |issue=1 |pages=152–205 |doi=10.1080/04597222.2025.2445476 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/04597222.2025.2445476 |access-date=15 February 2025 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |issn=0459-7222 |ref={{sfnref|IISS|2025}} |author1-link=International Institute for Strategic Studies |url-access=subscription }}
- {{cite journal |last1=International Institute for Strategic Studies |title=Chapter Six: Middle East and North Africa |journal=The Military Balance |date=11 February 2025 |volume=125 |issue=1 |pages=312–379 |doi=10.1080/04597222.2025.2445478 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/04597222.2025.2445478 |access-date=16 February 2025 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |issn=0459-7222 |ref={{sfnref|IISS|2025a}} |author1-link=International Institute for Strategic Studies |url-access=subscription }}
{{refend}}
{{Iran Missiles}}