Federal District of Brazil (1891–1960)

{{Short description|Federal district that existed in Brazil from 1891 to 1960}}

{{For|the current Federal District of Brazil|Federal District (Brazil)}}

{{Infobox former subdivision

| conventional_long_name = Federal District of Brazil

| common_name = Federal District

| native_name = Distrito Federal do Brasil

| subdivision = Federation unit

| nation = Brazil

| image_flag = Bandeira do Distrito Federal (Brasil) (1891–1960).svg

| flag_type = Flag of the District

| flag_link = Flag of Rio de Janeiro

| image_map = Brazil Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro location map.svg

| image_map_caption = Location of the state of Rio de Janeiro (light yellow) and the now-defunct Federal District (red) in Brazil.

| capital = Rio de Janeiro

| coordinates = {{coord|22|55|S|43|28|W|type:adm1st_region:BR-GB|display=inline,title}}

| government_type = Presidential republic

| event_start = Constitution of 1891

| date_start = 24 February

| year_start = 1891

| event_end = Creation of Brasília

| date_end = 21 April

| year_end = 1960

| event2 = Revolution of 1930

| date_event2 = 3 October 1930

| event3 = Fourth Republic

| date_event3 = 18 September 1946

| p1 = Neutral Municipality

| flag_p1 = Antiga Bandeira do Rio de Janeiro.svg

| s1 = Guanabara (state)

| flag_s1 = Bandeira do estado da Guanabara (1960–1975).svg

}}

The Federal District ({{langx|pt|Distrito Federal}}) was an administrative division of Brazil created by the Brazilian Constitution of 1891.{{Cite web|url=http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/constituicao/constituicao91.htm|title=Artigo 2º da Constituição da República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil de 1891|last=|first=|date=|website=Government of Brazil|language=pt|trans-title=Article 2 of the Constitution of the Republic of the United States of Brazil of 1891|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2 November 2019}} During the Empire of Brazil the administrative unit that corresponded to this territory was designated the Neutral Municipality (Município Neutro). It was a legal entity under public law until 1960, in the territory corresponding to the current municipality of Rio de Janeiro.{{Cite web|url=http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/LEIS/1950-1969/L3752.htm|title=Artigo 1º da Lei nº 3.752, de 14 de abril de 1960|last=|first=|date=|website=|language=pt|trans-title=Article 1 of Law no. 3,752, 14 April 1960|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}

With the transfer of the capital to the recently created city of Brasília, the new Federal District was created in the Brazilian Highlands in 1960.{{Cite web|url=http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/LEIS/1950-1969/L2874.htm|title=Artigo 1º da Lei nº 2.874, de 19 de setembro de 1956|last=|first=|date=|website=|language=pt|trans-title=Article 1 of Law no. 2,874, 19 September 1956|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=Nosso Século|publisher=Editora Abril|year=1980|isbn=|volume=5 vol. Volumes 4 and 5|location=São Paulo|pages=|language=pt}} From 1960 to 1975 the same territory existed as the State of Guanabara,{{Cite web|url=http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/LEIS/LCP/Lcp20.htm|title=Artigo 8º da Lei Complementar nº 20, de 1º de julho de 1974|last=|first=|date=|website=|language=pt|trans-title=Article 8 of Complementary Law no. 20, 1 July 1974|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}} which in turn was incorporated into the municipality of Rio de Janeiro.