Feurs
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2023}}
{{Infobox French commune
|name = Feurs
|commune status = Commune
|image = Feursurbocentro.jpg
|caption = The church with a statue of Michel Combe, a commander of the French Foreign Legion
|image coat of arms = Blason ville fr Feurs (Loire).svg
|arrondissement = Montbrison
|canton = Feurs
|INSEE = 42094
|postal code = 42110
|mayor = Marianne Darfeuille{{cite web|title=Répertoire national des élus: les maires|url=https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/r/2876a346-d50c-4911-934e-19ee07b0e503|publisher=data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises|date=13 September 2022|language=fr}}
|term = 2022–2026
|intercommunality = Forez-Est
|coordinates = {{coord|45.7417|4.2267|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|elevation m = 345
|elevation min m = 327
|elevation max m = 366
|area km2 = 24.39
|population = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_total}}
|population date = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}}
|population demonym = Forézien·ne
|population footnotes = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}}
}}
Feurs ({{IPA|fr|fœʁ|-|Fr-Paris--Feurs.ogg}}; {{langx|frp|Fuèrs}}) is a commune in the department of Loire, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France.
History
=Antiquity=
The city was founded by the Romans. The name Feurs is a contraction of Forum Segusiavorum, in reference to the forum of the Gallo-Roman era.Paul Valette, Vincent Guichard, Le forum gallo-romain de Feurs (Loire), allia Année 1991 Volume 48 Numéro 1 pp. 109-164. Ptolemy indicates that the city was the capital of the Gallic Segusiavi, and it also appears on the Tabula Peutingeriana. By extension, the city gave its name to Forez.
Vestiges of the ancient Roman city are located by the current post office. Archaeologists have unearthed a theater, sewers, milestones, inscriptions, statuettes and pottery that reflect the importance of the Roman town, which was located near major Roman roads.
=Middle Ages =
A church dedicated to St. Baudile is reported in 960. A second dedicated to the Virgin Mary appears in the texts in 1001. A Castle in Feurs is reported in 1246. In the Middle Ages, the city had no bridge over the Loire but there was a harbor (953) and another close to Randans (1060).
File:Vestiges de la curie.JPG|Remains of Roman Feurs
File:Revelfeurs.jpeg|Feurs in the 1400s
File:Map commune FR insee code 42094.png|Map of Feurs
=Early modern age =
Feurs with the Forez County is forfeited to the Constable of Bourbon along with his other possessions in 1523. It finally enters the royal domain in 1531. In 1542, the city is attached to the generality of Lyon, created by Henry II.
=French Revolution=
The French Revolution was very active in the town and the horrors of the guillotine marked its inhabitants. During the Revolution, the Revolutionary Court headed by Claude Javogues made many victims. The 80 victims of the Revolutionary Court were almost all executed at the site of the Chapel of the Martyrs. The chapel of the martyrs was erected later by Mayor Pierre-Marie Assier in 1826. It was for a short time capital of the Loire department in 1793-1795.
file:Feurs (Loire, Fr) la gare.JPGThe town was on one of the first railways: line 3 of France Andrezieux - Roanne opened 1 August 1832 between Saint-Bonnet-les-Oules and Balbigny. This is in Feurs that from this section that are installed the workshops of the company that will build more locomotives under the orders of Régnié engineer.
The sites of archaeological interest are many but all are discovered during the various works in the municipality.
The city gave its name to the Forez province in which it is located.
Feurs was the capital of the Loire department from 1793 to 1795, during the French Revolution.
Geography
file:Chemins de l'Astrée, Le Lignon 2.JPG River.]]The river Lignon du Forez flows into the Loire in the commune.
Feurs is located in the Forez plain, between the Monts du Lyonnais to the East and the Forez mountains to the West.
Economy
Over 300 small and medium enterprises are settled in Feurs and account for about 3200 jobs, distributed as follows: tertiary sector (1675), metal industry (1280), construction (267).
Leisure
The city offers an Olympic-size swimming pool and horse racetracks, as well as playing fields for soccer, rugby and basketball.
Inhabitant from Feurs can also easily access hiking trails towards the "Monts du Forez" or "Monts du Lyonnais".
Mayors
File:Feurs - Hôtel de ville -1.jpg
- 1855 - 1865 Auguste Broutin Parti de l'Ordre
- 1878 - 1881 C Pariat
- 1881 - 1891 Jean-Marie Nigay
- 1891 - 1896 Félix Nigay
- 1896 - 1900 Charles Dorian
- 1900 - 1904 Joseph Ory
- 1904 - 1908 Joannès Mollon
- 1908 - 1912 Joseph Ory
- 1912 - 1940 Antoine Drivet
- 1940 - 1944 Charles Maxime Geny
- 1953 - 1974 Félix Nigay
- 1974 - 1977 Maurice Desplaces
- 1977 - 2001 André Delorme
- 2001 - 2008 Benoît Gardet
- 2008 - 2022 Jean-Pierre Taite[http://www.amf.asso.fr/annuaire/index.asp?refer=commune&dep_n_id=42&NUM_INSEE=42094 Feurs [archive] sur le site de l'association des maires de France (consulté le 13 mars 2015).] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303235424/http://www.amf.asso.fr/annuaire/index.asp?refer=commune&dep_n_id=42&NUM_INSEE=42094 |date=2016-03-03 }}.
- 2022 - Marianne Darfeuille
Population
{{Historical populations
|align = none
|cols = 2
|percentages = pagr
|source = EHESS{{Cassini-Ehess|13829|Feurs }} and INSEE (1968-2017)[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-42094#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968], INSEE
|1793 |2600
|1800 |1796
|1806 |1837
|1821 |1937
|1831 |2240
|1836 |2571
|1841 |2646
|1846 |2816
|1851 |2943
|1856 |2894
|1861 |2823
|1866 |3060
|1872 |3048
|1876 |3216
|1881 |3249
|1886 |3451
|1891 |3492
|1896 |3719
|1901 |3766
|1906 |3983
|1911 |3995
|1921 |3956
|1926 |4337
|1931 |4561
|1936 |4759
|1946 |5194
|1954 |5381
|1962 |6272
|1968 |6649
|1975 |8017
|1982 |8012
|1990 |7803
|1999 |7669
|2007 |7376
|2012 |7893
|2017 |8173
}}
Landmarks
- Museum of Archaeology Assier, 3 rue Victor de Laprade
- The Chapel of the Martyrs, built in memory of the victims guillotined during the Revolution of 1789. People were guillotined and shot there.
- The "font that rains" fountain whose origin is lost in the mists of time. A source of carbonated water is mentioned by Auguste Broutin in his History of the town of Feurs and its surrounding book in the neighborhood of the way of four.
- The Roman Forum instead of the position (remains)
- The Jacquemart church Our Lady of Feurs
Twin towns
Feurs and the town of Olching in Bavaria, Germany, have been twin towns since August 1963, when a delegation of 24 Foréziens, led by the mayor Félix Nigay, visited their German counterparts for the first time.
Personalities
- Joseph-Guichard Du Verney (1648-1730), anatomist
- Franck Montagny, Formula 1 driver
Climate
{{Weather box|width=auto
|metric first=y
|single line=y
|collapsed = Y
|location = Feurs, elevation {{convert|347|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1993–2020 normals, extremes 1993–present)
|Jan record high C = 19.3
|Feb record high C = 22.3
|Mar record high C = 26.4
|Apr record high C = 29.8
|May record high C = 33.6
|Jun record high C = 39.5
|Jul record high C = 40.7
|Aug record high C = 42.0
|Sep record high C = 35.8
|Oct record high C = 33.1
|Nov record high C = 23.5
|Dec record high C = 19.4
|Jan record low C = -13.8
|Feb record low C = -15.4
|Mar record low C = -13.5
|Apr record low C = -6.3
|May record low C = -1.1
|Jun record low C = 3.5
|Jul record low C = 5.7
|Aug record low C = 3.3
|Sep record low C = -0.3
|Oct record low C = -7.8
|Nov record low C = -10.2
|Dec record low C = -12.7
|Jan high C = 7.1
|Feb high C = 9.1
|Mar high C = 13.5
|Apr high C = 17.0
|May high C = 21.3
|Jun high C = 25.2
|Jul high C = 27.3
|Aug high C = 27.5
|Sep high C = 22.7
|Oct high C = 17.9
|Nov high C = 11.2
|Dec high C = 7.9
| year high C = 17.3
|Jan mean C = 3.7
|Feb mean C = 4.7
|Mar mean C = 8.0
|Apr mean C = 11.2
|May mean C = 15.3
|Jun mean C = 19.0
|Jul mean C = 20.8
|Aug mean C = 20.7
|Sep mean C = 16.5
|Oct mean C = 12.9
|Nov mean C = 7.4
|Dec mean C = 4.5
| year mean C = 12.1
|Jan low C = 0.2
|Feb low C = 0.3
|Mar low C = 2.5
|Apr low C = 5.3
|May low C = 9.4
|Jun low C = 12.9
|Jul low C = 14.4
|Aug low C = 14.0
|Sep low C = 10.4
|Oct low C = 8.0
|Nov low C = 3.6
|Dec low C = 1.1
| year low C = 6.8
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 33.2
|Feb precipitation mm = 27.9
|Mar precipitation mm = 29.3
|Apr precipitation mm = 47.5
|May precipitation mm = 76.1
|Jun precipitation mm = 64.6
|Jul precipitation mm = 70.2
|Aug precipitation mm = 68.6
|Sep precipitation mm = 58.2
|Oct precipitation mm = 71.6
|Nov precipitation mm = 66.5
|Dec precipitation mm = 36.6
|year precipitation mm = 650.3
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 7.9
| Feb precipitation days = 7.6
| Mar precipitation days = 7.0
| Apr precipitation days = 8.4
| May precipitation days = 10.6
| Jun precipitation days = 8.0
| Jul precipitation days = 7.9
| Aug precipitation days = 7.5
| Sep precipitation days = 7.4
| Oct precipitation days = 9.3
| Nov precipitation days = 8.9
| Dec precipitation days = 7.9
| year precipitation days =98.4
|source 1 = Meteociel{{cite web
|url=https://www.meteociel.fr/obs/clim/normales_records.php?code=42094003
|title=Normales et records pour Feurs (42)
|publisher=Meteociel
|access-date=14 December 2024}}}}
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [http://www.feurs.org/ Official site]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927015505/http://joan-of-arc-studies.org/index.php?Gazetteer-Feurs Gazetteer entry]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20121007045615/http://www.usfeurs.fr/ usfeurs.fr]
{{commons category}}
{{Loire communes}}
{{authority control}}