First Greater Manchester

{{see also|Timeline of public passenger transport operations in Manchester}}

File:GM Buses North 1057 M257 NVM.jpg bodied Volvo B6LE at Piccadilly Gardens bus station, 1996]]

Before deregulation in 1986, buses in the Greater Manchester area were publicly funded and went under the name of Greater Manchester Transport. In 1986 Greater Manchester Transport became known as GM Buses, which was owned by the metropolitan borough and city councils of Greater Manchester, but were at arms' length from the local town halls.

In December 1993, GM Buses was split in two companies: GM Buses North and GM Buses South.{{cite magazine |last=Jarosz |first=Andrew |date=18 December 1993 |issue=96 |page= |title=Split GM Buses ready to be sold |magazine=Coach & Bus Week |location=Peterborough |publisher=Emap}}{{Cite news|date=12 July 1993|title=Business and City in Brief |work=The Independent |location=London |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/business-and-city-in-brief-5442427.html |access-date=13 July 2024 |url-access=limited |quote=Manchester's main bus company, the publicly owned GM buses, will be split in two and offered to the private sector. The split will be on geographical lines with the northern half becoming the larger entity, containing over 900 buses with a turnover of £60m. The southern section will run more than 700 buses with a turnover of £50m.}} It was planned that the two companies would compete against one another, however they operated without doing so through to their respective buyouts. GM Buses North was eventually sold in March 1994 by the Greater Manchester Passenger Transport Authority to a management buyout team for £27.1 million ({{Inflation|UK|27,100,000|1994|fmt=eq|cursign=£}}).{{Cite news|last=Murray |first=John |date=28 March 1994|title=Manchester bus company won by employee buyout |work=The Independent|location=London |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/manchester-bus-company-won-by-employee-buyout-1432404.html |access-date=18 December 2022}}

File:First Greater Manchester bus 5149 (SND 149X).jpg in early First Greater Manchester livery in central Manchester]]

File:First Manchester bus 12007 (YN05 GYE), 29 July 2007.jpg articulated bus on route 135 in Bury in July 2007]]

In March 1996, GM Buses North was sold to FirstBus for £47 million ({{Inflation|UK|47,000,000|1996|fmt=eq|cursign=£}}) and rebranded First Manchester.{{cite magazine |author= |date=16 March 1996 |issue=209 |page=5 |title=North follows south into big group fold |magazine=Coach & Bus Week |location=Peterborough |publisher=Emap}}{{cite magazine |author= |date=15 March 1996 |issue=349 |page=4 |title=FirstBus double acquisition |magazine=Bus & Coach Buyer |location=Spalding |publisher=Glen-Holland Limited}} After a period of experimentation with the livery, a deep orange livery featuring a blue stripe was adopted.{{cite magazine |author= |url=https://archive.org/details/cbw-issue218/page/n7/mode/1up |date=18 May 1996 |title=GMBN boosts its branding |magazine=Coach & Bus Week |issue=218 |page=8 |location=Peterborough |publisher=Emap |access-date=13 July 2024}}

First Manchester soon ended up managing two other FirstBus subsidiaries, First Potteries and First Pennine.{{citation needed|date=July 2024}} Eventually the First Pennine and Manchester subsidiaries were merged, adding a number of routes in the Tameside area to First Manchester. A new management team was put in place and First Manchester was relieved of its responsibility for the Potteries subsidiary. By September 2010, First Manchester had taken over the management of the Cheshire and Merseyside depots of First Potteries, with the Staffordshire depots transferring to the management of the new First Midlands division. The Cheshire and Merseyside depots fell to a First Manchester licence.{{needs update|reason=This certainly is no longer true; how these operations ceased needs listing.|date=July 2024}}

In June 2012, it was announced that the FirstGroup were looking at selling off some of its operations, which included First Manchester's Wigan depot.{{cite news|title=First seeks buyers for seven bus operations|url=http://www.passengertransport.co.uk/2012/06/first-seeks-buyers-for-seven-bus-operations/|access-date=3 November 2012|newspaper=Passenger Transport|date=28 June 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121122085243/https://www.passengertransport.co.uk/2012/06/first-seeks-buyers-for-seven-bus-operations/ |archive-date=22 November 2012}} On 2 December 2012, Stagecoach Manchester purchased the Wigan operation.{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-scotland-business-20153075 |title=Stagecoach buys FirstGroup's Wigan bus arm for £12 million |work=BBC News |date=31 October 2012 |access-date=16 September 2013}} The transaction saw 300 employees, 120 vehicles (although 20 were owned by TfGM) and the Wigan depot purchased by Stagecoach, with these being operated under the former A Mayne & Son legal entity.{{cite news|last=McCollom|first=James|title=Stagecoach to acquire First routes in Wigan|url=http://manchestertransport.wordpress.com/2012/10/31/stagecoach-to-acquire-first-routes-in-wigan/|access-date=3 November 2012|newspaper=Manchester Transport|date=31 October 2012}}

On 1 August 2013, the FirstGroup announced that subject to regulatory approval by the Office of Fair Trading, it had agreed to purchase the bus operations of south Manchester based company Finglands Coachways from its parent, the EYMS Group. The purchase included the lease of Finglands's depot in Rusholme, South Manchester routes and approximately 100 members of staff, but did not include the fleet of 41 buses, most of which were retained within the EYMS Group.{{cite news |last=Slater |first=Chris |url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/business-news/jobs-saved-famous-bus-firm-5431595 |title=Jobs saved as famous bus firm gears up for takeover |work=Manchester Evening News |date=2 August 2013 |access-date=16 September 2013}}{{cite magazine |author= |date=6 August 2013 |title=First Manchester to purchase Finglands' bus operations |url=https://cbwmagazine.com/first-manchester-to-purchase-finglands-bus-operations/ |magazine=Coach & Bus Week |location=Peterborough |access-date=13 July 2024}} The deal was approved on 27 January 2014,{{cite news |last1=Cox |first1=Charolotte |title=End of the road for Finglands as takeover deal reached |url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/end-road-manchester-bus-company-6599876 |access-date=13 July 2024 |work=Manchester Evening News |date=27 January 2014}} with First taking over Finglands services under a joint ticketing scheme on 9 February 2014.{{cite press release|title=First take over Finglands bus services|url=http://www.tfgm.com/Corporate/media_centre/Pages/News.aspx?articleId=391|access-date=9 February 2014|publisher=Transport for Greater Manchester|date=7 February 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140225005854/https://www.tfgm.com/Corporate/media_centre/Pages/News.aspx?articleId=391 |archive-date=25 February 2014}}{{cite news |title=About time: End of the road for Finglands buses |url=https://thetab.com/uk/manchester/2014/02/10/farewell-to-finglands-3486 |access-date=13 July 2024 |work=The Manchester Tab |date=10 February 2014}}

The FirstGroup began scaling back its operations in Greater Manchester in an attempt to stem financial losses across the group in 2017, closing its Bury and Dukinfield depots,{{cite magazine |date=30 December 2016 |title=Axe falls as First focuses on growth areas |url=https://www.keybuses.com/article/axe-falls-first-focuses-growth-areas |magazine=Buses |issue=742 |page= |location=Stamford |publisher=Key Publishing |access-date=13 July 2024}}{{cite news |last1=Cox |first1=Charlotte |title=First to close two bus depots in Greater Manchester - with dozens of jobs at risk |url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/first-close-two-bus-depots-12276208 |access-date=13 July 2024 |work=Manchester Evening News |date=5 December 2016}} with buses and operations transferring to its remaining four garages in Bolton, Queens Road, Oldham and Rusholme. Rusholme depot would later close in January 2019, bringing the company down to only three garages across Greater Manchester.{{cite news |last=Cox |first=Charlotte |date=5 December 2016 |title=First to close two bus depots in Greater Manchester |url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/first-close-two-bus-depots-12276208 |work=Manchester Evening News |access-date=15 March 2023}}{{cite news |last=Salisbury |first=Mark |url=https://www.fleetpoint.org/bus-2/first-manchester-announces-proposal-to-close-rusholme-depot/ |title=First Manchester announces proposal to close Rusholme depot |work=FleetPoint |date=29 October 2018 |access-date=10 February 2019}}{{cite magazine |title=First to close Rusholme, gives up Turners route |magazine=Buses |issue=766 |date=January 2019 |location=Stamford |publisher=Key Publishing |page=9}}

In February 2019, it was announced that the Queens Road depot in Cheetham Hill had been purchased by the Go-Ahead Group to form Go North West, which commenced operations on 2 June 2019, having acquired 25 bus routes and a fleet of over 160 buses from First.{{cite magazine |author= |date=19 February 2019 |title=First Manchester sells Queens Road depot to Go-Ahead |url=https://cbwmagazine.com/first-manchester-sells-queens-road-depot-to-go-ahead/ |magazine=Coach & Bus Week |location=Peterborough |access-date=20 February 2019}}{{cite news |last=Bucki |first=Alexandra |date=19 February 2019 |title=First Manchester are selling 160 buses and their Cheetham Hill depot for £11.2 million |url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/first-manchester-cheetham-hill-depot-15851278 |work=Manchester Evening News |access-date=20 February 2019}} First's Bolton depot was then purchased by Rotala on 11 August 2019, expanding the operation of Diamond North West with the acquisition 18 routes, reducing First Greater Manchester to only its Oldham depot;{{cite magazine |author= |date=6 August 2019 |title=Diamond Bus North West takes over First Manchester depot this Sunday |url=https://cbwmagazine.com/diamond-north-west-takeover-first-manchester-depot-this-sunday/ |magazine=Coach & Bus Week |issue=1405 |page=6 |location=Peterborough |access-date=11 August 2019}}{{cite news |last=McDonnell |first=Seamus |date=11 August 2019 |title=Diamond North West: New bus firm takes over 18 services |url=https://www.burytimes.co.uk/news/17829975.diamond-north-west-new-bus-firm-takes-18-services/ |work=Bury Times |access-date=15 March 2023}} this depot was also planned to be sold by the FirstGroup, which would have seen the operator cease operations, however the depot was announced to have been retained in August 2019 after no offers were accepted to buy it.{{cite news |author= |date=16 August 2019 |title=First retains Greater Manchester interest |url=https://www.transportxtra.com/publications/parking-review/news/61997/first-retains-greater-manchester-interest/ |work=TransportXtra |location=London |access-date=13 July 2024 |url-access=subscription}}

{{main|Bee Network}}

In June 2023, it was announced by Transport for Greater Manchester that as part of Tranche 2 of Bee Network bus franchising, First Manchester would lose its Oldham depot, staff and services to Stagecoach Manchester. However, First Manchester also acquired the franchise to operate Bee Network services in Rochdale, based from Transdev Blazefield subsidiary Rosso's former depot, which was sold to TfGM some months prior.{{cite news |last1=Davies |first1=Ethan |title=Go North West is out as Stagecoach handed new Bee Network contract |url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/go-north-west-out-stagecoach-27188643 |access-date=13 July 2024 |work=Manchester Evening News |date=23 June 2023}}{{cite magazine |author= |date=27 June 2023 |title=Second tranche of franchises announced in Manchester |url=https://cbwmagazine.com/second-tranche-of-franchises-announced-in-manchester/ |magazine=Coach & Bus Week |location=Peterborough |access-date=13 July 2024}} These changes, taking effect from 24 March 2024, reduced First Manchester's fleet to over 65 buses.{{cite press release |title=First Bus gets to work on enhancing Rochdale bus depot |url=https://news-ne.firstbus.co.uk/news/first-bus-gets-to-work-on-enhancing-rochdale-bus-depot |publisher=FirstGroup |access-date=13 July 2024 |date=6 March 2024}}

{{Main|Metroshuttle}}

File:The Waterhouse - geograph.org.uk - 2397806.jpg on Metroshuttle route 3 in May 2011]]

First Greater Manchester previously operated the three Metroshuttle services that operate around Manchester city centre. These services were free for passengers, and were operated using Optare Versas based from Queens Road garage. The Metroshuttle service and buses transferred to Go North West when Queens Road garage was sold in June 2019.

First Greater Manchester operated several night bus services across Greater Manchester on Friday and Saturday nights. The routes mainly operated the same routes as their daytime equivalents with some exceptions, such as service 67 not serving Shudehill on nights, with service 135, which did not normally serve Shudehill, taking its place. The Nightbus services, mainly originating from Piccadilly Gardens bus station, ran to a frequency of either every 30 minutes or every hour from midnight to 3:30am and offered a flat fare ticketing system.{{cite news |last1=Britton |first1=Paul |title=Weekend bus services taken off road due to budget cuts |url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/weekend-bus-services-taken-road-8579169 |access-date=2 January 2021 |work=Manchester Evening News |date=4 February 2015}}

Until December 2012, First Greater Manchester also operated the Nightbus network in Wigan town centre, providing a number of late night services to various areas across Wigan, as well as the 598 service to Leigh, which allowed connection with the 39 service to and from Manchester. From 2 December 2012, the Wigan Nightbus network passed to Stagecoach Manchester with the sale of First's Wigan operations.

In January 2015, First withdrew six night bus journeys which served Rochdale, Bury and Eccles, including service 135, as part of wide-ranging cuts to its bus network. In Spring 2016, First's remaining night bus services were withdrawn on services 8, 36 and 39 due to low passenger numbers.{{cite news |last1=Proctor |first1=Ian |title=End of the night bus: late evening services between Bolton and Manchester to be withdrawn |url=https://www.theboltonnews.co.uk/news/14351753.end-of-the-night-bus-late-evening-services-between-bolton-and-manchester-to-be-withdrawn/ |access-date=2 January 2021 |work=The Bolton News |date=17 March 2016}}

{{Main|Leigh-Salford-Manchester Bus Rapid Transit}}

On 3 April 2016, First Greater Manchester commenced operating services on the {{convert|4.5|mi}} North West Guided busway between Leigh and Ellenbrook. A fleet of 25 Wright Gemini 3 bodied Volvo B5LH hybrid buses equipped with guidewheels were operated by First on the service, branded in a dark purple Vantage livery.{{cite web|last=Peat|first=Chris |url=https://www.busandcoachbuyer.com/busway-begins/ |title=Busway begins |work=Bus & Coach Buyer |date=5 April 2016 |access-date=13 July 2024 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160409121620/https://www.busandcoachbuyer.com/busway-begins/ |archive-date=9 April 2016}}{{cite news |url=https://www.leighjournal.co.uk/news/14769152.Extra_buses_added_to_cope_with_guided_busway_demand/ |title=Extra buses added to cope with guided busway demand |work=Leigh Journal |date=28 September 2016 |access-date=13 July 2024}}

First's operation of Vantage services transferred to Go North West upon commencement of Tranche 1 of Bee Network franchised services,{{cite news |title=Details of the first buses under public control in Greater Manchester revealed |url=https://www.oldham-chronicle.co.uk/news-features/139/main-news/149774/details-of-the-first-buses-under-public-control-in-greater-manchester-revealed |access-date=11 July 2024 |work=Oldham Evening Chronicle |date=25 December 2022 |quote=This includes the Leigh Guided Busway which will no longer be run by Vantage.}} with the Vantage brand being withdrawn in favour of standard Bee Network yellow livery.

In the years following the purchase of GM Buses North, First Manchester were routinely criticised for operating an outdated and poorly maintained fleet of buses, many of which were either inherited from the GM Buses era or transferred in from across the FirstGroup; this fleet stood in comparison to more modern fleets operated by competitor Stagecoach Manchester. First Manchester's final 'GM Standard' Leyland Atlantean double-decker buses, dating back to the late 1970s and early 1980s, were withdrawn on 5 January 2002,{{cite magazine |url=https://archive.org/details/buses-issue565/page/20/mode/2up |title=The end of three eras |magazine=Buses |location=Hersham |publisher=Ian Allan Publishing |issue=565 |pages=20–23 |date=April 2002 |access-date=13 July 2024}} and investment between 2002 and 2004 saw 278 new low-floor buses introduced to the fleet.{{cite news |last=Brown |first=Stewart |url=http://www.busandcoach.com/featureStory.aspx?id=1096 |title=Manchester turnaround |work=Bus & Coach Professional |date=21 November 2006 |access-date=13 July 2024 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070126230109/http://www.busandcoach.com/featureStory.aspx?id=1096 |archive-date=26 January 2007}}

In February 2012, the company were warned by the Department for Transport's North West traffic commissioner after a performance survey found an average of 26% of First Manchester services were not running on time.{{cite news|title=Bus firm First slammed by transport watchdog over unreliable services|url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/local-news/bus-firm-first-slammed-by-transport-681213 |access-date=4 April 2012|newspaper=Manchester Evening News|date=7 February 2012}} The company were fined £285,000 the following March for not improving their service reliability.{{cite news|title=Bus firm First fined £285k by transport watchdog after one in four services run late|url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/transport/public_transport/s/1488172_bus-firm-first-fined-285k-by-transport-watchdog-after-one-in-four-services-run-late|access-date=4 April 2012|newspaper=Manchester Evening News|date=13 March 2012}}

File:FM 69638 R468.jpg branded MCV Evora bodied Volvo B8RLE at Bury Interchange in February 2025]]

File:FM 33854 R216.jpg at Ashton-under-Lyne bus station in February 2025]]

As of March 2024, the First Greater Manchester fleet consisted of over 65 buses, over half of which are operated on franchsised Bee Network services. Buses are operated from one depot: First's main depot at Rochdale, which was acquired from Rosso.

Prior to the sale of the Bolton and Queens Road depots in 2019, First Greater Manchester operated a fleet of 583 buses, consisting mainly of Wrightbus-bodied Volvos and Alexander Dennis Enviro400s. Up to 160 buses at Queens Road were sold to Go North West and 125 buses based at Bolton, following a period on lease to Diamond North West, were dispersed around the FirstGroup.{{cite news |last=Britton |first=Paul |date=20 February 2019 |title=What does the First Manchester sale of buses and depot mean for passengers? |url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/first-buses-manchester-go-ahead-15853871 |work=Manchester Evening News |access-date=15 March 2023}}{{cite magazine |last=Millar |first=Alan |date=19 September 2019 |title=Diamond's opportunity |url=https://www.keybuses.com/article/diamonds-opportunity |magazine=Buses |location=Stamford |publisher=Key Publishing |access-date=15 March 2023}}

Various other GM Buses North garages were closed shortly after the company was purchased by FirstBus. These included Atherton in 1998;{{cite news |title=End of the line for Howe Bridge bus depot |url=https://www.theboltonnews.co.uk/news/6163198.end-of-the-line-for-howe-bridge-bus-depot/ |access-date=13 July 2024 |work=The Bolton News |date=8 January 1998}} Bolton and Rochdale in 2004, the former replaced by a new depot on Weston Street;{{cite news |title=New £6m home for 200 buses |url=https://www.theboltonnews.co.uk/news/5852952.new-6m-home-for-200-buses/ |access-date=13 July 2024 |work=The Bolton News |date=11 March 2004}} Trafford Park in 2005,{{citation needed|date=March 2025}} used temporarily for long-term rail replacement services during the West Coast Main Line route modernisation,{{cite magazine |last=Forster |first=Frank |url=https://archive.org/details/cbw-issue584/page/6/mode/2up |date=10 July 2003 |issue=584 |pages=6-7 |title=Rail replacement services to be 'cut back' |magazine=Coach & Bus Week |location=Peterborough |publisher=Emap |access-date=29 March 2025}} and Knowsley in 2008.{{citation needed|date=July 2024}} Temporary depots have also been previously set up, with sites at Lowton and Bolton used to temporarily store buses acquired from other operators in 1998, while a site was set up at Manchester Piccadilly{{clarify|date=July 2024}} in 2002 to store shuttle buses used for the 2002 Commonwealth Games.

• Timeline of public passenger transport operations in Manchester

{{Reflist|2}}

{{commons category-inline}}

• {{official website}}

{{Bus companies in North West England}}

{{FirstGroup}}

{{Transport in Greater Manchester}}

Category:Bus operators in Greater Manchester

Category:FirstGroup bus operators in England

Category:Transport companies established in 1996

Category:1996 establishments in England