First Temperate Neolithic

{{short description|Archaeological horizon of Neolithic Southeastern Europe}}

{{See also|Prehistoric Europe}}

The First Temperate Neolithic (FTN) is an archaeological horizon consisting of the earliest archaeological cultures of Neolithic Southeastern Europe, dated to c. 6400–5100 BCE.{{Cite book|title=Fragmentation in Archaeology: People, Places, and Broken Objects |last=Chapman |first=John |year=2000 |publisher=Routledge |location=London |isbn=978-0-415-15803-9 |page=236}} The cultures of the FTN were the first to practice agriculture in temperate Europe, which required significant innovations in farming technology previously adapted to a mediterranean climate.{{cite journal|last=Nandris|first=John|title=The Development and Relationships of the Earlier Greek Neolithic|journal=Man|date=June 1970|volume=5|series=New Series|issue=2|pages=192–213|doi=10.2307/2799647 |jstor=2799647}}

The constituent cultures of the FTN are:

• the Starčevo–Kőrös–Criș culture, encompassing:

:* the Starčevo culture, c. 6200–5200 BCE, western Bulgaria, Serbia, Bosnia, eastern Croatia and western Hungary;

:* the Kőrös culture, c. 6400–5100 BCE, eastern Hungary;

:* the Criş culture, c. 6400–5200 BCE, Romania;

• the Karanovo I/II culture, c. 6300–5100 BCE, central and southern Bulgaria;
• the Macedonian First Neolithic, c. 6600–5300 BCE, North Macedonia;
• the Poljanica group, c. 6300–5200 BCE, northeast Bulgaria;
• the West Bulgarian Painted Ware culture, c. 6200–5200 BCE, western Bulgaria.
• the Vinča culture, c. 5400–4500 BC, Serbia and near countries