Fontenay-aux-Roses
{{Infobox French commune
|name = Fontenay-aux-Roses
|commune status = Commune
|image = Fontenay-aux-Roses - Town hall - 1.jpg
|caption = The city hall
|image coat of arms = Blason ville fr Fontenay-aux-Roses (Hauts-de-Seine).svg
|map = Fontenay-aux-Roses_map.svg
|map caption = Paris and inner ring départements
|arrondissement = Antony
|canton = Châtillon
|INSEE = 92032
|postal code = 92260
|term = 2020–2026
|intercommunality = Métropole du Grand Paris
|coordinates = {{coord|48.78932|2.28877|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|elevation min m = 60
|elevation max m = 160
|area km2 = 2.51
|population = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_total}}
|population date = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}}
|population footnotes = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}}
}}
Fontenay-aux-Roses ({{IPA|fr|fɔ̃tnɛ o ʁoz|-|Fr-Paris--Fontenay-aux-Roses.ogg}}) is a commune in the southwestern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located {{convert|8.6|km|mi|abbr=on}} from the center of Paris.
In 1880, a girls school {{Lang|fr|École Normale Supérieure|italic=no}} was opened in the town. It was one of the most prestigious of Paris and even of whole France in term of scientific research. It became a mixed school in 1986, and was relocated to Lyon in 2000.
Fontenay is the location of the Commissariat à l'énergie atomique, and former location of the first French nuclear reactor, Zoé, and the first French tokamak fusion experiment, TFR.
Name
The commune name originates from a local spring-fed stream (Latin fons, French fontaine) in the hillside descending from the Châtillon plateau, with "of roses" added to distinguish this commune from numerous French communes named Fontenay.
Climate
The climate of Fontenay-aux-Roses is oceanic gradient. The observation stations used for the weather in Fontenay are at Orly and the airport of Velizy-Villacoublay, municipalities located not far from Fontenay. The climate is characterised by sunshine and fairly low rainfall. The average rainfall is about 650 mm per year, spread over 111 rainy days on average, including 16 days of heavy rainfall (10 mm). Temperatures are mild; the coldest month is January with an average temperature of 4.7° C and the hottest months are July and August with a mean temperature of 20° C.
Severe weather conditions are sometimes recorded:
- Maximum Temperature : 42.0 °C in 2003;
- Minimum Temperature : -16.0 °C in 1985;
- Maximum rain in 24 hours: 100 mm from 6 p.m. on 30th to 6 p.m. on August 5, 1997;
- High temperature days (> 25 °C) : 59.3;
- Rain days: 120.
{{Weather box|width=auto
|location = Fontenay-aux-Roses (1981–2010 normals, extremes 1981–2009)
|single line = Y
|metric first = Y
|Jan record high C = 16.5
|Feb record high C = 20.0
|Mar record high C = 25.0
|Apr record high C = 31.0
|May record high C = 32.0
|Jun record high C = 36.5
|Jul record high C = 37.5
|Aug record high C = 40.0
|Sep record high C = 34.0
|Oct record high C = 29.0
|Nov record high C = 21.0
|Dec record high C = 16.5
|Jan record low C = -16.0
|Feb record low C = -11.0
|Mar record low C = -7.5
|Apr record low C = -2.0
|May record low C = 1.5
|Jun record low C = 5.0
|Jul record low C = 6.5
|Aug record low C = 6.0
|Sep record low C = 5.0
|Oct record low C = -1.0
|Nov record low C = -7.0
|Dec record low C = -9.5
|Jan high C = 7.0
|Feb high C = 8.2
|Mar high C = 12.2
|Apr high C = 15.6
|May high C = 19.8
|Jun high C = 23.1
|Jul high C = 25.7
|Aug high C = 25.6
|Sep high C = 21.4
|Oct high C = 16.5
|Nov high C = 10.8
|Dec high C = 7.6
|year high C = 16.2
|Jan mean C = 4.4
|Feb mean C = 5.1
|Mar mean C = 8.3
|Apr mean C = 11.0
|May mean C = 14.9
|Jun mean C = 18.0
|Jul mean C = 20.3
|Aug mean C = 20.1
|Sep mean C = 16.6
|Oct mean C = 12.6
|Nov mean C = 7.7
|Dec mean C = 5.2
|year mean C = 12.1
|Jan low C = 1.8
|Feb low C = 2.1
|Mar low C = 4.4
|Apr low C = 6.4
|May low C = 10.1
|Jun low C = 12.9
|Jul low C = 14.9
|Aug low C = 14.7
|Sep low C = 11.9
|Oct low C = 8.7
|Nov low C = 4.7
|Dec low C = 2.6
|year low C = 8.0
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 55.7
|Feb precipitation mm = 46.2
|Mar precipitation mm = 49.3
|Apr precipitation mm = 53.3
|May precipitation mm = 60.0
|Jun precipitation mm = 48.5
|Jul precipitation mm = 58.7
|Aug precipitation mm = 55.3
|Sep precipitation mm = 51.1
|Oct precipitation mm = 63.7
|Nov precipitation mm = 50.9
|Dec precipitation mm = 60.3
|year precipitation mm = 653.0
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 11.5
|Feb precipitation days = 9.9
|Mar precipitation days = 11.2
|Apr precipitation days = 10.3
|May precipitation days = 10.6
|Jun precipitation days = 8.7
|Jul precipitation days = 8.6
|Aug precipitation days = 7.7
|Sep precipitation days = 8.5
|Oct precipitation days = 10.6
|Nov precipitation days = 10.8
|Dec precipitation days = 11.6
|year precipitation days = 120.0
|source 1 = Météo-France{{cite web
| url = https://donneespubliques.meteofrance.fr/FichesClim/FICHECLIM_92032001.pdf
|title=Fiche Climatologique Statistiques 1991–2020 et records
| publisher = Météo-France
| access-date = August 24, 2022}}}}
Transport
Fontenay-aux-Roses is served by Fontenay-aux-Roses station on Paris RER line B and Tram line 6 from Chatillon Montrouge metro to Viroflay. In addition, several bus lines 194, 294, 394, 390, 162, 195... cross the city to Paris and other suburban cities.
Population
{{Historical populations
| align = none
| cols = 2
| percentages = pagr
| source = EHESS{{Cassini-Ehess|14278|Fontenay-aux-Roses}} and INSEE (1968–2017)[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-92032#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968], INSEE
| graph-pos = bottom
|1793 |942
|1800 |722
|1806 |877
|1821 |804
|1831 |1021
|1836 |967
|1841 |1092
|1846 |1076
|1851 |1176
|1856 |1669
|1861 |2157
|1866 |2386
|1872 |2362
|1876 |2924
|1881 |2849
|1886 |2935
|1891 |2652
|1896 |3343
|1901 |3402
|1906 |4082
|1911 |4463
|1921 |5202
|1926 |5943
|1931 |6870
|1936 |7197
|1946 |7455
|1954 |8626
|1962 |20237
|1968 |23355
|1975 |25596
|1982 |23915
|1990 |23322
|1999 |23537
|2007 |24066
|2012 |22866
|2017 |24564
}}
Education
- Six public preschools (maternelles): La Roue, Les Ormeaux, Les Pervenches, Les Renards, Jean Macé, Scarron
- Six public elementary schools: La Roue A, La Roue B, Le Parc, Les Ormeaux, Les Pervenches, Les Renards
- One private preschool and elementary school: Maternelle et Élémentaire St-Vincent de Paul
There is a public junior high school, Collège les Ormeaux.[http://www.clg-ormeaux-fontenay.ac-versailles.fr/ Home]. Collège les Ormeaux. Retrieved on September 9, 2016.
Lycée professionnel privé Saint François d'Assise, a private vocational high school, is in the commune.[http://www.stfrancoisdassise.com/ Home]. Lycée professionnel privé Saint François d'Assise. Retrieved on September 9, 2016.
Neighboring places
Twin towns
- {{Flagicon|UK}} Borehamwood, United Kingdom since 1974
- {{Flagicon|Germany}} Wiesloch, Germany since 1982
Links between Wiesloch and Fontenay-aux-Roses are very strong. Indeed, many school projects are organized each year.
Personalities
- Paul Scarron (1610–1660) – writer, lived in Fontenay-aux-Roses.
- Theresa Cabarrus (1773–1835) – Known as "Madame Tallien" whose residence has become the École Normale Supérieure de Fontenay-aux-Roses.
- Aristide Boucicaut (1810–1877) – Founder of the Bon Marché and benefactor of the town, has long lived in Fontenay where he owned a large residence (known as the "castle Boucicaut and razed in 1954) it was also a member of the municipal council and was even elected mayor in 1871. However, he refused the post, and preferred to remain an alderman.
- Joris-Karl Huysmans (1848–1907) – Worked in Fontenay in July 1881 on his novel À Rebours; it is the setting for the aesthetic experiments of the decadent aristocrat des Esseintes.
- Ferdinand Lot (1866–1952) – medieval historian, lived in Fontenay-aux-Roses for a long time; he is buried in the family tomb.
- Pierre Bonnard (1867–1947) – Born in Fontenay at the corner of d'Estienne d'Orves Neyts and André, near the College des Ormeaux, painter.
- Paul Léautaud (1872–1956) – writer, lived in Fontenay (24, rue Guérard).
- Nikolai Semashko (1874–1949) – First People's Commissar for Health of the RSFSR and founder of the Soviet healthcare system lived in Fontenay (48, rue des Châtaigniers) before World War I.
- Thérèse Sclafert (1878–1959) – French alpine geographer and historian
- Jacques Déprats (1880–1935) – Born in Fontenay, geologist.
- Valery Larbaud (1881–1957) – writer, lived in Fontenay-aux-Roses.
- Mikhail Larionov (1881–1964) – Painter of the Russian avant-garde, died in Fontenay-aux-Roses.
- Alexandra Exter (1882–1949) – Artist of the Ukrainian & Russian avant-garde, died at Fontenay-aux-Roses.
- René Barthélemy (1889–1954) – French physicist, lived in Fontenay and is based on communal cemetery.
- René Letourneur (1898–1990) – Painter and sculptor, lived in Fontenay-aux-Roses.
- Boris Vildé (1908–1942) – Resistance fighter executed by the Germans, lived in Fontenay-aux-Roses.
- Yves Klein (1928–1962) – painter, lived in Fontenay-aux-Roses.
- Dieudonné M'bala M'bala (born 1966) – comedian, born in Fontenay.
- Laurent Aïello (born 1969) – Born in Fontenay, racing driver.
- Kamsoo Queen (born 1982) – model, comedian, lives in Fontenay-aux-Roses.
- Andrei Sinyavsky (1925–1997) – Russian writer, dissident, gulag survivor.
- Ilona Mitrecey (born 1993) – French singer, born in Fontenay-aux-Roses.
See also
References
{{reflist}}
External links
{{commons}}
- [http://www.fontenay-aux-roses.fr Fontenay-aux-Roses City Hall]
{{Paris Metropolitan Area}}
{{Hauts-de-Seine communes}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fontenayauxroses}}