Formula Junior
{{Short description|Former Single-Seater Racing Championship}}
{{Cleanup|date=July 2011}}
{{Infobox motorsport championship
| name = Formula Junior
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| category = Single-seater
| country = Worldwide
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| inaugural = 1958
| folded = 1963
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| constructors = Brabham{{*}}Cooper{{*}}Lotus{{*}}Stanguellini
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File:Melkus-Wartburg, Bj 59 - 1978.jpg Formula Junior from DDR]]
File:Formel Junior mit DKW-Motor.jpg Formula Junior with DKW-Engine]]
File:Dolphin Mk 2.jpg-designed Dolphin Formula Junior with {{convert|997|cc|cid|abbr=on}} Anglia engine.Motor Racing magazine Jan 1961Autosport Magazine 14 April 1961.[http://www.conceptcarz.com/vehicle/z13671/Dolphin-Formula-Junior-MKI.aspx 1960 Dolphin Formula Junior MKI Images, Information and History]. Conceptcarz.com.Autocar magazine April 1961.Car & Driver magazine Aug. 1961.Santa Barbara Road Races programme Sep. 2/3, 1961.Peter Roberts. Racing Cars of the World. Reference book. Published 1962 Longacre Press Ltd.Vintage Motorsport. Sep/Oct 1993.Vintage American Road Racing Cars 1950–1970. Authors-Pace/Brinker. Book published 2004. {{ISBN|0-7603-1783-6}}.Classic & Sports Car magazine. Feb 2005.]]
Formula Junior was an international single-seater motor racing category that existed between 1958 and 1963. Devised by Italian motorsport promoter Count Giovanni "Johnny" Lurani, the formula was created as an accessible training ground for young drivers advancing from karting or amateur competition to professional-level open-wheel racing. Regulations required the use of production-based engines and components sourced from small road cars, which helped contain costs and encouraged participation by privateers and smaller manufacturers.{{Cite web |title=History |url=https://formulajunior.com/ |website=Formula Junior Historic Racing Association |access-date=2025-04-22}}
The category quickly gained traction in Europe and the United States, evolving from a national class in Italy to an internationally recognized formula. While early success came from front-engined Italian cars such as those produced by Stanguellini, British constructors including Lotus, Cooper, and Brabham soon rose to prominence through the adoption of lighter, rear-engined designs.{{Cite web |title=The Trend of Formula Junior |url=https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/archive/article/april-1963/30/the-trend-of-formula-junior/ |website=Motorsport Magazine |date=April 1963 |access-date=2025-04-22}}{{Cite web |title=Formula Junior, Italian Style |url=https://velocetoday.com/formula-junior-italian-style/ |website=VeloceToday |access-date=2025-04-22}}
History
Formula Junior was introduced in 1958 by Count Giovanni "Johnny" Lurani as a standardized, cost-effective class intended to prepare young drivers for professional competition. The regulations required the use of production-based components, with engine capacities limited to 1,100 cc for cars weighing 400 kg and 1,000 cc for those at 360 kg. Engine blocks, cylinder heads, gearboxes, and brake systems had to originate from production vehicles, and enhancements such as twin overhead camshafts or limited-slip differentials were prohibited.{{Cite web |title=History |url=https://formulajunior.com/ |website=Formula Junior Historic Racing Association |access-date=2025-04-22}}
The first Formula Junior race was held at Autodromo Nazionale Monza on April 25, 1958. Italian driver Roberto Lippi won the event in a front-engined Stanguellini, which utilized a Fiat 1100 engine—then the most common choice among Italian constructors due to its widespread availability and reliability.{{Cite web |title=April 25, 1958: The First Formula Junior Race |url=https://velocetoday.com/april-25-1958-the-first-formula-junior-race/ |website=VeloceToday |access-date=2025-04-22}}
The formula gained rapid popularity across Europe and the United States. Early British involvement included constructors such as Elva, Gemini, and Lola, who initially developed front-engined designs. However, by the early 1960s, rear-engined layouts—such as those employed in the Lotus 18 and Cooper T56—became the standard, offering superior weight distribution and handling characteristics.{{Cite web |title=The Trend of Formula Junior |url=https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/archive/article/april-1963/30/the-trend-of-formula-junior/ |website=Motorsport Magazine |date=April 1963 |access-date=2025-04-22}}
As the formula evolved, the cost of development increased, leading to a divide between its intended accessibility and its growing competitiveness. Serving both as an introductory series and as the highest-level international single-seater category below Formula One, Formula Junior was ultimately phased out after the 1963 season. In 1964, it was replaced by two distinct categories: Formula Two, targeting professional drivers with purpose-built engines, and Formula Three, which preserved the original intent of providing a pathway for emerging talent.{{Cite web |title=History |url=https://fjhna.com/History.cfm |website=Formula Junior Historics North America |access-date=2025-04-22}}
Notable alumni of Formula Junior include future Formula One World Champions such as Jim Clark, John Surtees, and Denny Hulme.
Champions
The following table lists notable Formula Junior champions from various national and international series, including historic revival events:
class="wikitable sortable"
! Year !! Series !! Champion !! Car (if known) !! Reference | ||||
1959 | International Formula Junior | Michael May | {{Cite web |title=International Formula Junior |url=https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/database/series/international-formula-junior/ |website=Motorsport Magazine |access-date=2025-04-22}} | |
1960 | International Formula Junior | Colin Davis | {{Cite web |title=International Formula Junior |url=https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/database/series/international-formula-junior/ |website=Motorsport Magazine |access-date=2025-04-22}} | |
1961 | International Formula Junior | Jo Siffert | {{Cite web |title=International Formula Junior |url=https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/database/series/international-formula-junior/ |website=Motorsport Magazine |access-date=2025-04-22}} | |
1960 | {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} British (John Davy) | Jim Clark | Lotus | {{Cite web |title=List of British Formula Three champions |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_British_Formula_Three_champions |access-date=2025-04-22}} |
1961 | {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} British (John Davy) | Bill Moss | {{Cite web |title=List of British Formula Three champions |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_British_Formula_Three_champions |access-date=2025-04-22}} | |
1961 | {{flagicon|United States}} SCCA (USA) | Harry Carter | {{Cite web |title=Tales from the Tower – Formula Junior |url=https://limerock.com/tftt-formula-junior/ |website=Lime Rock Park |date=11 August 2023 |access-date=2025-04-22}} | |
1962 | {{flagicon|United States}} SCCA (USA) | Tim Mayer | {{Cite web |title=Tales from the Tower – Formula Junior |url=https://limerock.com/tftt-formula-junior/ |website=Lime Rock Park |date=11 August 2023 |access-date=2025-04-22}} | |
1963 | {{flagicon|United States}} SCCA (USA) | Gaston Andrey | {{Cite web |title=Tales from the Tower – Formula Junior |url=https://limerock.com/tftt-formula-junior/ |website=Lime Rock Park |date=11 August 2023 |access-date=2025-04-22}} | |
1964 | {{flagicon|United States}} SCCA (USA) | Brooks Fryberger | {{Cite web |title=Tales from the Tower – Formula Junior |url=https://limerock.com/tftt-formula-junior/ |website=Lime Rock Park |date=11 August 2023 |access-date=2025-04-22}} | |
1962 | {{flagicon|Australia}} Australian FJ Championship | Frank Matich | Elfin FJ Ford Cosworth | {{Cite web |title=Australian Formula Junior Championship |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Formula_Junior_Championship |access-date=2025-04-22}} |
1963 | {{flagicon|Australia}} Australian FJ Championship | Leo Geoghegan | Lotus 22 Ford | {{Cite web |title=Australian Formula Junior Championship |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Formula_Junior_Championship |access-date=2025-04-22}} |
1997–1998 | FIA Lurani Trophy (Historic) | Tony Thompson | Lotus 27 | {{Cite web |title=FIA Lurani Trophy Champions |url=https://formulajunior.com/lurani-trophy-champions/ |website=FJHRA |date=27 April 2020 |access-date=2025-04-22}} |
2003, 2022 | FIA Lurani Trophy (Historic) | Erik Justesen | U2 Mk2 | {{Cite web |title=FIA Lurani Trophy Champions |url=https://formulajunior.com/lurani-trophy-champions/ |website=FJHRA |date=27 April 2020 |access-date=2025-04-22}} |
2010–2011 | FIA Lurani Trophy (Historic) | John Delane | Lotus 18 | {{Cite web |title=FIA Lurani Trophy Champions |url=https://formulajunior.com/lurani-trophy-champions/ |website=FJHRA |date=27 April 2020 |access-date=2025-04-22}} |
2015, 2017, 2019 | FIA Lurani Trophy (Historic) | Bruno Weibel | Lotus 20, Stanguellini, Lotus 22 | {{Cite web |title=FIA Lurani Trophy Champions |url=https://formulajunior.com/lurani-trophy-champions/ |website=FJHRA |date=27 April 2020 |access-date=2025-04-22}} |
2024 | FIA Lurani Trophy (Historic) | Clive Richards | Lotus 22 | {{Cite web |title=FIA Lurani Trophy Champions |url=https://formulajunior.com/lurani-trophy-champions/ |website=FJHRA |date=27 April 2020 |access-date=2025-04-22}} |
See also
References
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External links
{{Commons category|Formula Junior}}
- [http://www.formulajunior.com/ Formula Junior Historic Racing Association]
- [http://www.fjhna.org/ Formula Junior Historics North America]
{{Class of Auto racing}}