Fort-Shevchenko
{{Hatnote|This article is about the town of Fort-Shevchenko. For the nearby city of Aktau, formerly Shevchenko, see Aktau.}}
{{more citations needed|date=August 2011}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name = Fort-Shevchenko
|other_name =
|native_name = Форт-Шевченко
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|image_skyline = Fort Shevchenko.jpg
|imagesize = 300px
|image_caption = Fort-Shevchenko from the air
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|pushpin_map = Kazakhstan
|pushpin_label_position =bottom
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|pushpin_map_caption =Location in Kazakhstan
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = Kazakhstan
|subdivision_type1 = Region
|subdivision_name1 = Mangystau Region
|subdivision_type2 = District
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|population_total =5,559
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Fort-Shevchenko ({{langx|kk|Форт-Шевченко}}) is a military-base town and administrative centre of Tupkaragan District in Mangystau Region of Kazakhstan on the eastern shore of Caspian Sea. Primary industries include fishing and the extraction of stone. Population: 5,559 (2016 estimate).
History
The city was founded as a military stronghold by the Imperial Russian Navy in 1846 after nearby New Alexander Fort, built in 1834 overlooking Dead Kultuk, was deemed too remote.[https://www.planetesoterica.com/fort-shevchenko-and-bautino/ Travel Guide to Fort Shevchenko and Bautino – Planet Esoterica] Until 1857, Fort Shevchenko was known as Novopetrovskoye (Новопетровское) and from 1857 to 1939 as Fort-Aleksandrovskii (Форт-Александровский). It was named for Ukrainian poet Taras Shevchenko, who was assigned to military service here during his exile. Today the town is used by the Kazakhstan Navy as a base.
The coat of arms of Fort Alexandrovsky was approved October 22, 1908, along with other arms of the Transcaspian field: It is black and silver depicting the fortress and two fish.
=Russian Civil War=
Fort Alexandrovsky was the site of naval action on 21 May 1919, when a Squadron of the British Caspian Flotilla attacked the port.{{cite book|last1=Halpern|first1=Paul|title=The Mediterranean Fleet, 1919–1929|date=2013|publisher=Ashgate Publishing |isbn=978-1-4094-2756-8 }}
Climate
{{Weather box
|location = Fort-Shevchenko (1991–2020, extremes 1848–present)
|single line = Yes
|metric first = Yes
|width = auto
|Jan record high C = 16.0
|Feb record high C = 19.0
|Mar record high C = 25.2
|Apr record high C = 31.1
|May record high C = 37.4
|Jun record high C = 40.6
|Jul record high C = 41.1
|Aug record high C = 41.4
|Sep record high C = 40.0
|Oct record high C = 31.2
|Nov record high C = 22.3
|Dec record high C = 16.0
|year record high C = 41.4
|Jan high C = 1.8
|Feb high C = 2.7
|Mar high C = 8.0
|Apr high C = 14.6
|May high C = 22.0
|Jun high C = 27.5
|Jul high C = 30.1
|Aug high C = 29.5
|Sep high C = 24.2
|Oct high C = 16.9
|Nov high C = 9.1
|Dec high C = 3.8
|year high C = 15.9
|Jan mean C = -0.7
|Feb mean C = -0.2
|Mar mean C = 4.9
|Apr mean C = 11.4
|May mean C = 18.6
|Jun mean C = 24.3
|Jul mean C = 26.7
|Aug mean C = 25.9
|Sep mean C = 20.7
|Oct mean C = 13.7
|Nov mean C = 6.2
|Dec mean C = 1.3
|year mean C = 12.7
|Jan low C = -2.9
|Feb low C = -2.7
|Mar low C = 2.1
|Apr low C = 8.4
|May low C = 15.6
|Jun low C = 21.2
|Jul low C = 23.6
|Aug low C = 22.6
|Sep low C = 17.6
|Oct low C = 10.8
|Nov low C = 3.8
|Dec low C = -0.9
|year low C = 9.9
|Jan record low C = -27.0
|Feb record low C = -30.0
|Mar record low C = -19.7
|Apr record low C = -2.8
|May record low C = 0.0
|Jun record low C = 9.0
|Jul record low C = 13.8
|Aug record low C = 10.0
|Sep record low C = 2.0
|Oct record low C = -7.2
|Nov record low C = -16.1
|Dec record low C = -18.2
|year record low C = -30.0
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 11
|Feb precipitation mm = 7
|Mar precipitation mm = 11
|Apr precipitation mm = 20
|May precipitation mm = 10
|Jun precipitation mm = 5
|Jul precipitation mm = 10
|Aug precipitation mm = 6
|Sep precipitation mm = 9
|Oct precipitation mm = 9
|Nov precipitation mm = 13
|Dec precipitation mm = 9
|year precipitation mm = 120
|Jan sun = 88
|Feb sun = 114
|Mar sun = 158
|Apr sun = 225
|May sun = 300
|Jun sun = 329
|Jul sun = 337
|Aug sun = 315
|Sep sun = 260
|Oct sun = 193
|Nov sun = 103
|Dec sun = 74
|year sun = 2496
|source 1 = Pogoda.ru.net{{cite web
| url = http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate/38001.htm
| title = Weather and Climate- The Climate of Fort-Shevchenko
| publisher = Weather and Climate (Погода и климат)
| language = ru
| access-date = 5 January 2022}}
|source 2 = NOAA (sun, 1961–1990)
{{cite web
| url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1961-1990/TABLES/REG_II/KS/38001.TXT
| title = Fort Sevcenko (Fort-Shevchenko) Climate Normals 1961–1990
| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
| access-date = 5 January 2022}}
}}
Landmarks
There are several landmarks of significance; Shevchenko Memorial Museum, National History, and ethnographic museums. The Shevchenko Memorial Museum opened in 1932 near where he had been hiding. There are also some remnants of the fortress, a monument to Shevchenko and a state grave of Civil War heroes.
31 km from the city is the necropolis Beysenbay and up the coast the site Bautino (Баутино).
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{Commons category-inline}}
{{Coord|44|31|N|50|16|E|type:city(5134)|display=title}}
{{Mangystau Region}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:Populated places in Mangystau Region
{{MangystauRegion-geo-stub}}