Fort-Shevchenko

{{Hatnote|This article is about the town of Fort-Shevchenko. For the nearby city of Aktau, formerly Shevchenko, see Aktau.}}

{{more citations needed|date=August 2011}}

{{Infobox settlement

|official_name = Fort-Shevchenko

|other_name =

|native_name = Форт-Шевченко

|nickname =

|settlement_type =

|motto =

|image_skyline = Fort Shevchenko.jpg

|imagesize = 300px

|image_caption = Fort-Shevchenko from the air

|image_flag =

|flag_size =

|image_seal =

|seal_size =

|image_shield = Fort-Shevchenko coa.gif

|shield_size =

|image_blank_emblem =

|blank_emblem_type =

|blank_emblem_size =

|image_map =

|mapsize =

|map_caption =

|image_map1 =

|mapsize1 =

|map_caption1 =

|image_dot_map =

|pushpin_map = Kazakhstan

|pushpin_label_position =bottom

|pushpin_mapsize = 300

|pushpin_map_caption =Location in Kazakhstan

|subdivision_type = Country

|subdivision_name = Kazakhstan

|subdivision_type1 = Region

|subdivision_name1 = Mangystau Region

|subdivision_type2 = District

|subdivision_name2 =

|subdivision_type3 =

|subdivision_name3 =

|subdivision_type4 =

|subdivision_name4 =

|government_footnotes =

|government_type =

|leader_title =

|leader_name =

|leader_title1 =

|leader_name1 =

|leader_title2 =

|leader_name2 =

|leader_title3 =

|leader_name3 =

|leader_title4 =

|leader_name4 =

|established_title =

|established_date =

|established_title2 =

|established_date2 =

|established_title3 =

|established_date3 =

|area_magnitude =

|unit_pref =Imperial

|area_footnotes =

|area_total_km2 =

|area_land_km2 =

|area_water_km2 =

|area_total_sq_mi =

|area_land_sq_mi =

|area_water_sq_mi =

|area_water_percent =

|area_urban_km2 =

|area_urban_sq_mi =

|area_metro_km2 =

|area_metro_sq_mi =

|area_blank1_title =

|area_blank1_km2 =

|area_blank1_sq_mi =

|population_as_of =2016

|population_footnotes ={{cite web| url=http://stat.gov.kz/getImg?id=ESTAT111164 | title=Республика Казахстан| format=RAR | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160422053652/http://www.stat.gov.kz/getImg?id=ESTAT111164 | archive-date=2016-04-22}}

|population_note =

|population_total =5,559

|population_density_km2 =

|population_density_sq_mi =

|population_metro =

|population_density_metro_km2 =

|population_density_metro_sq_mi =

|population_urban =

|population_density_urban_km2 =

|population_density_urban_sq_mi =

|population_blank1_title =Ethnicities

|population_blank1 =

|population_blank2_title =Religions

|population_blank2 =

|population_density_blank1_km2 =

|population_density_blank1_sq_mi =

|timezone =+5

|utc_offset = +5

|timezone_DST =

|utc_offset_DST =

|coordinates = {{coord|44|31|N|50|16|E|region:KZ|display=inline}}

|elevation_footnotes =

|elevation_m =

|elevation_ft =

|postal_code_type =

|postal_code =

|area_code =

|blank_name =

|blank_info =

|blank1_name =

|blank1_info =

|website =

|footnotes =

}}

Fort-Shevchenko ({{langx|kk|Форт-Шевченко}}) is a military-base town and administrative centre of Tupkaragan District in Mangystau Region of Kazakhstan on the eastern shore of Caspian Sea. Primary industries include fishing and the extraction of stone. Population: 5,559 (2016 estimate).

History

The city was founded as a military stronghold by the Imperial Russian Navy in 1846 after nearby New Alexander Fort, built in 1834 overlooking Dead Kultuk, was deemed too remote.[https://www.planetesoterica.com/fort-shevchenko-and-bautino/ Travel Guide to Fort Shevchenko and Bautino – Planet Esoterica] Until 1857, Fort Shevchenko was known as Novopetrovskoye (Новопетровское) and from 1857 to 1939 as Fort-Aleksandrovskii (Форт-Александровский). It was named for Ukrainian poet Taras Shevchenko, who was assigned to military service here during his exile. Today the town is used by the Kazakhstan Navy as a base.

The coat of arms of Fort Alexandrovsky was approved October 22, 1908, along with other arms of the Transcaspian field: It is black and silver depicting the fortress and two fish.

=Russian Civil War=

Fort Alexandrovsky was the site of naval action on 21 May 1919, when a Squadron of the British Caspian Flotilla attacked the port.{{cite book|last1=Halpern|first1=Paul|title=The Mediterranean Fleet, 1919–1929|date=2013|publisher=Ashgate Publishing |isbn=978-1-4094-2756-8 }}

Climate

{{Weather box

|location = Fort-Shevchenko (1991–2020, extremes 1848–present)

|single line = Yes

|metric first = Yes

|width = auto

|Jan record high C = 16.0

|Feb record high C = 19.0

|Mar record high C = 25.2

|Apr record high C = 31.1

|May record high C = 37.4

|Jun record high C = 40.6

|Jul record high C = 41.1

|Aug record high C = 41.4

|Sep record high C = 40.0

|Oct record high C = 31.2

|Nov record high C = 22.3

|Dec record high C = 16.0

|year record high C = 41.4

|Jan high C = 1.8

|Feb high C = 2.7

|Mar high C = 8.0

|Apr high C = 14.6

|May high C = 22.0

|Jun high C = 27.5

|Jul high C = 30.1

|Aug high C = 29.5

|Sep high C = 24.2

|Oct high C = 16.9

|Nov high C = 9.1

|Dec high C = 3.8

|year high C = 15.9

|Jan mean C = -0.7

|Feb mean C = -0.2

|Mar mean C = 4.9

|Apr mean C = 11.4

|May mean C = 18.6

|Jun mean C = 24.3

|Jul mean C = 26.7

|Aug mean C = 25.9

|Sep mean C = 20.7

|Oct mean C = 13.7

|Nov mean C = 6.2

|Dec mean C = 1.3

|year mean C = 12.7

|Jan low C = -2.9

|Feb low C = -2.7

|Mar low C = 2.1

|Apr low C = 8.4

|May low C = 15.6

|Jun low C = 21.2

|Jul low C = 23.6

|Aug low C = 22.6

|Sep low C = 17.6

|Oct low C = 10.8

|Nov low C = 3.8

|Dec low C = -0.9

|year low C = 9.9

|Jan record low C = -27.0

|Feb record low C = -30.0

|Mar record low C = -19.7

|Apr record low C = -2.8

|May record low C = 0.0

|Jun record low C = 9.0

|Jul record low C = 13.8

|Aug record low C = 10.0

|Sep record low C = 2.0

|Oct record low C = -7.2

|Nov record low C = -16.1

|Dec record low C = -18.2

|year record low C = -30.0

|precipitation colour = green

|Jan precipitation mm = 11

|Feb precipitation mm = 7

|Mar precipitation mm = 11

|Apr precipitation mm = 20

|May precipitation mm = 10

|Jun precipitation mm = 5

|Jul precipitation mm = 10

|Aug precipitation mm = 6

|Sep precipitation mm = 9

|Oct precipitation mm = 9

|Nov precipitation mm = 13

|Dec precipitation mm = 9

|year precipitation mm = 120

|Jan sun = 88

|Feb sun = 114

|Mar sun = 158

|Apr sun = 225

|May sun = 300

|Jun sun = 329

|Jul sun = 337

|Aug sun = 315

|Sep sun = 260

|Oct sun = 193

|Nov sun = 103

|Dec sun = 74

|year sun = 2496

|source 1 = Pogoda.ru.net{{cite web

| url = http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate/38001.htm

| title = Weather and Climate- The Climate of Fort-Shevchenko

| publisher = Weather and Climate (Погода и климат)

| language = ru

| access-date = 5 January 2022}}

|source 2 = NOAA (sun, 1961–1990)

{{cite web

| url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1961-1990/TABLES/REG_II/KS/38001.TXT

| title = Fort Sevcenko (Fort-Shevchenko) Climate Normals 1961–1990

| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

| access-date = 5 January 2022}}

}}

Landmarks

There are several landmarks of significance; Shevchenko Memorial Museum, National History, and ethnographic museums. The Shevchenko Memorial Museum opened in 1932 near where he had been hiding. There are also some remnants of the fortress, a monument to Shevchenko and a state grave of Civil War heroes.

31 km from the city is the necropolis Beysenbay and up the coast the site Bautino (Баутино).

References

{{Reflist}}