Founders of statistics

Statistics is the theory and application of mathematics to the scientific method including hypothesis generation, experimental design, sampling, data collection, data summarization, estimation, prediction and inference from those results to the population from which the experimental sample was drawn. Statisticians are skilled people who thus apply statistical methods. Hundreds of statisticians are notable. This article lists statisticians who have been especially instrumental in the development of theoretical and applied statistics.

class = "sortable wikitable" width="100%" ! width="18%" \| Name !! Nationality !! Birth !! Death !! Contribution !! References
valign="top" \| Al-Kindi	Abbasid Caliphate	801	873	Developed the first code breaking algorithm based on frequency analysis. He wrote a book entitled "Manuscript on Deciphering Cryptographic Messages", containing detailed discussions on statistics	{{cite book\|last=Singh\|first=Simon\| author-link = Simon Singh \|title=The code book : the science of secrecy from ancient Egypt to quantum cryptography\|year=2000\|publisher=Anchor Books\|location=New York\|isbn=978-0-385-49532-5\|edition=1st Anchor Books\|title-link=The code book : the science of secrecy from ancient Egypt to quantum cryptography}}
valign="top" \| Graunt, John	English	1620	1674	Pioneer of demography who produced the first life table	Willcox, Walter (1938) [https://www.jstor.org/stable/1400906 The Founder of Statistics.] Review of the International Statistical Institute 5(4):321–328.
valign="top" \| Bayes, Thomas	English	1702	1761	Developed the interpretation of probability now known as Bayesian probability	{{cite web \| url = http://www.economics.soton.ac.uk/staff/aldrich/Figures.htm#ba \| work = Figures from the History of Probability and Statistics \| title = Thomas Bayes \| publisher = University of Southampton }}
valign="top" \| Laplace, Pierre-Simon	French	1749	1827	Co-invented Bayesian statistics. Invented exponential families (Laplace transform), conjugate prior distributions, asymptotic analysis of estimators (including negligibility of regular priors). Used maximum-likelihood and posterior-mode estimation and considered (robust) loss functions
valign="top" \| Playfair, William	Scottish	1759	1823	Pioneer of statistical graphics
valign="top" \| Carl Friedrich Gauss	German	1777	1855	Invented least squares estimation methods (with Legendre). Used loss functions and maximum-likelihood estimation
valign="top" \| Quetelet, Adolphe	Belgian	1796	1874	Pioneered the use of probability and statistics in the social sciences
valign="top" \| Nightingale, Florence	English	1820	1910	Applied statistical analysis to health problems, contributing to the establishment of epidemiology and public health practice. Developed statistical graphics especially for mobilizing public opinion. First female member of the Royal Statistical Society.
valign="top" \| Galton, Francis	English	1822	1911	Invented the concepts of standard deviation, correlation, regression	{{cite web \| url = http://www.economics.soton.ac.uk/staff/aldrich/Figures.htm#gal \| work = Figures from the History of Probability and Statistics \| title = Francis Galton \| publisher = University of Southampton }}{{cite web \| url = http://galton.org/ \| title = Sir Francis Galton F.R.S: 1822–1911 }}
valign="top" \| Thiele, Thorvald N.	Danish	1838	1910	Introduced cumulants and the term "likelihood". Introduced a Kalman filter in time-series
valign="top" \| Peirce, Charles Sanders	American	1839	1914	Formulated modern statistics in "Illustrations of the Logic of Science" (1877–1878) and "A Theory of Probable Inference" (1883). With a repeated measures design, introduced blinded, controlled randomized experiments (before Fisher). Invented optimal design for experiments on gravity, in which he "corrected the means". He used correlation, smoothing, and improved the treatment of outliers. Introduced terms "confidence" and "likelihood" (before Neyman and Fisher). While largely a frequentist, Peirce's possible world semantics introduced the "propensity" theory of probability. See the historical books of Stephen Stigler
valign="top" \| Edgeworth, Francis Ysidro	Irish	1845	1926	Revived exponential families (Laplace transforms) in statistics. Extended Laplace's (asymptotic) theory of maximum-likelihood estimation. Introduced basic results on information, which were extended and popularized by R. A. Fisher
valign="top" \| Pearson, Karl	English	1857	1936	Numerous innovations, including the development of the Pearson chi-squared test and the Pearson correlation. Founded the Biometrical Society and Biometrika, the first journal of mathematical statistics and biometry	{{cite web \| url = http://www.amstat.org/about/statisticiansinhistory/index.cfm?fuseaction=biosinfo&BioID=18 \| title = Pearson, Karl \| publisher = American Statistical Association \| work = Statisticians in History \| date = 30 November 2016 }}{{cite web \| title = Karl Pearson (1857 - 1936) \| publisher = Department of Statistical Science – University College London \| url = http://www.ucl.ac.uk/stats/department/pearson.html \| url-status = dead \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080925065418/http://www.ucl.ac.uk/stats/department/pearson.html \| archive-date = 25 September 2008 \| df = dmy-all }}{{cite web \| year = 2003 \| title = Karl Pearson \| publisher = School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews \| url = http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/%7Ehistory/Biographies/Pearson.html }}{{cite web \| year = 2008 \| title = Karl Pearson: A Reader's Guide \| author = John Aldrich \| publisher = University of Southampton \| url = http://www.economics.soton.ac.uk/staff/aldrich/kpreader.htm }}
valign="top" \| Spearman, Charles	English	1863	1945	Extended the Pearson correlation coefficient to the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient	{{cite journal \| year = 2003 \| title = Charles Spearman: British Behavioral Scientist \| journal = Human Nature Review \| volume = 3 \| pages = 114–118 \| url = http://human-nature.com/nibbs/03/spearman.html \| author = Williams, RH, Zimmerman, DW, Zumbo, BD & Ross, D}}
valign="top" \| Gosset, William Sealy (known as "Student")	English	1876	1937	Discovered the Student t distribution and invented the Student's t-test	{{cite web \| url = http://www.economics.soton.ac.uk/staff/aldrich/Figures.htm#stu \| work = Figures from the History of Probability and Statistics \| title = William Sealy Gosset \| publisher = University of Southampton }}
valign="top" \| Anderson, Oskar Johann Viktor (also known as Anderson, Oskar Nikolaevich)	Russian, Bulgarian, German	1887	1960	A leading representative of the so-called Continental School of statistics. Invented the variate difference method for analyzing time series at the same time but independently from Gosset. A pioneer of random sampling in demographics and of quantitative methods applied to socio-economic sciences.	{{cite encyclopedia \| last1 = Strecker \| first1 = Heinrich \| last2 = Strecker \| first2 = Rosemarie \| encyclopedia = Encyclopedia of Mathematics \| title = Oskar Anderson \| url = http://www.encyclopediaofmath.org/index.php?title=Anderson,_Oskar&oldid=39172 \| publisher = Springer-Verlag GmbH, Heidelberg \| year = 2016 }}{{MacTutor\|id=Anderson\|title=Oskar Johann Viktor Anderson\|date=May 2000}}{{cite encyclopedia \| last = Sheynin \| first = O.B. \| title = Anderson, Oskar Johann Viktor \| encyclopedia = Dictionary of Scientific Biography \| volume = 1 \| pages = 154–155 \| publisher = Charles Scribner's Sons \| location = New York \| year = 1970 \| isbn = 978-0-684-10114-9 \| url = https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/anderson-oskar-johann-viktor }}{{cite web \| author1 = Jörg Siebels \| author2 = Kerstin Nees \| title=Oskar Anderson \| work=Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Famous scholars from Kiel \| url=http://www.uni-kiel.de/grosse-forscher/index.php?nid=anderson&lang=e \| access-date=2018-10-26}}
valign="top" \| Fisher, Ronald	English	1890	1962	Wrote the textbooks and articles that defined the academic discipline of statistics, inspiring the creation of statistics departments at universities throughout the world. Systematized previous results with informative terminology, substantially improving previous results with mathematical analysis (and claims). Developed the analysis of variance, clarified the method of maximum likelihood (without the uniform priors appearing in some previous versions), invented the concept of sufficient statistics, developed Edgeworth's use of exponential families and information, introducing observed Fisher information, and many theoretical concepts and practical methods, particularly for the design of experiments	{{cite web \| url = http://www.amstat.org/about/statisticiansinhistory/index.cfm?fuseaction=biosinfo&BioID=16 \| title = Fisher, R.A. \| publisher = American Statistical Association \| work = Statisticians in History \| date = 30 November 2016 }}{{cite web \| url = http://www.economics.soton.ac.uk/staff/aldrich/Figures.htm#fis \| work = Figures from the History of Probability and Statistics \| title = R.A. Fisher \| publisher = University of Southampton}}{{cite web \| url = http://www.economics.soton.ac.uk/staff/aldrich/fisherguide/rafreader.htm \| title = A Guide to R. A. Fisher }}
valign="top" \| Bonferroni, Carlo Emilio	Italian	1892	1960	Invented the Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons
valign="top" \| Wilcoxon, Frank	Irish-American	1892	1965	Invented two statistical tests: Wilcoxon rank-sum test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test
valign="top" \| Neyman, Jerzy	Polish-American	1894	1981	Discovered the confidence interval and co-developed the Neyman–Pearson lemma	{{cite web \| url = http://www.amstat.org/about/statisticiansinhistory/index.cfm?fuseaction=biosinfo&BioID=11 \| title = Neyman, Jerzy \| publisher = American Statistical Association \| work = Statisticians in History \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130216021332/http://www.amstat.org/about/statisticiansinhistory/index.cfm?fuseaction=biosinfo&BioID=11 \| archive-date = 16 February 2013 \| url-status = dead \| df = dmy-all }}
valign="top" \| Deming, W. Edwards	American	1900	1993	Developed methods for statistical quality control	{{cite web \| url = http://www.amstat.org/about/statisticiansinhistory/index.cfm?fuseaction=biosinfo&BioID=4 \| title = Deming, W. Edwards\| publisher = American Statistical Association \| work = Statisticians in History \| date = 30 November 2016}}
valign="top" \| Pearson, Egon	English	1895	1980	Co-developed the Neyman–Pearson lemma of statistical hypothesis testing	{{cite web \| url = http://www.amstat.org/about/statisticiansinhistory/index.cfm?fuseaction=biosinfo&BioID=24 \| title = Pearson, Egon S. \| publisher = American Statistical Association \| work = Statisticians in History \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130307050811/http://www.amstat.org/about/statisticiansinhistory/index.cfm?fuseaction=biosinfo&BioID=24 \| archive-date = 7 March 2013 \| url-status = dead }}
valign="top" \| de Finetti, Bruno	Italian	1906	1985	Pioneer of the "operational subjective" conception of probability. Used this as the basis for exposition of the Bayesian method of statistical analysis. Developed the representation theorem for exchangeable random variables showing that they are the basis of the IID model in statistics.
valign="top" \| Kendall, Maurice	English	1907	1983	Co-developed methods for assessing statistical randomness; invented Kendall tau rank correlation coefficient
valign="top" \| Tukey, John	American	1915	2000	Jointly popularized Fast Fourier transformation, pioneer of exploratory data analysis and graphical presentation of data, developed the jackknife for variance estimation, invented the box plot.	{{cite journal \| doi = 10.1098/rsbm.2003.0032 \| title = John Wilder Tukey. 16 June 1915 – 26 July 2000 \| year = 2003 \| author = Mccullagh, Peter \| journal = Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society \| volume = 49 \| pages = 537–555 \| s2cid = 62561283 }}
valign="top" \| Blackwell, David	American	1919	2010	Co-developed Rao-Blackwell theorem and wrote one of the first Bayesian textbooks, Basic Statistics.	{{cite news\|author1=William Grimes\|title=David Blackwell, Scholar of Probability, Dies at 91\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/17/education/17blackwell.html\|newspaper=The New York Times\|access-date=24 September 2014\|date=17 July 2010\|quote=His “Basic Statistics” (1969) was one of the first textbooks on Bayesian statistics, which assess the uncertainty of future outcomes by incorporating new evidence as it arises, rather than relying on historical data. He also wrote numerous papers on multistage decision-making.}}
valign="top" \| Rao, Calyampudi Radhakrishna	Indian	1920	2023	Co-developed Cramér–Rao bound and Rao–Blackwell theorem, invented MINQUE method of variance component estimation.	{{cite journal \| doi = 10.1214/ss/1177013438 \| title = A Conversation with C. R. Rao \| year = 1987 \| author = Degroot, Morris H. \| journal = Statistical Science \| volume = 2 \| pages = 53–67\| doi-access = free }}{{Cite web \|last=Kruse \|first=Megan \|title=C.R. Rao Receives National Medal of Science \|url=http://www.amstat.org/about/statisticiansinhistory/index.cfm?fuseaction=biosinfo&BioID=13 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303195003/http://www.amstat.org/about/statisticiansinhistory/index.cfm?fuseaction=biosinfo&BioID=13 \|archive-date=3 March 2016 \|website=American Statistical Association}}
valign="top" \| Cox, David	English	1924	2022	Developed the proportional hazards model for the analysis of survival data	{{cite book \|author1=Wermuth, Nanny \|author2=Anthony C. Davison \|author3=Dodge, Yadolah \| title = Celebrating Statistics: Papers in honour of Sir David Cox on his 80th birthday (Oxford Statistical Science Series) \| publisher = Oxford University Press \| year = 2005 \| isbn = 978-0-19-856654-0 \| oclc = 185035518 }}
valign="top" \| Efron, Bradley	American	1938		Invented the bootstrap resampling technique for deriving an empirical distribution of an estimate of a model parameter	{{cite journal \| doi = 10.1214/ss/1063994967 \| title = Introduction to the Silver Anniversary of the Bootstrap \| year = 2003 \| author = Casella, George \| journal = Statistical Science \| volume = 18 \| pages = 133–134 \| issue = 2\| doi-access = free }}

Founders of departments of statistics

The role of a department of statistics is discussed in a 1949 article by Harold Hotelling, which helped to spur the creation of many departments of statistics.{{cite journal|author=Harold Hotelling|title=Golden Oldies: Classic Articles from the World of Statistics and Probability: 'The Place of Statistics in the University'| journal=Statistical Science| volume=3 |issue=1 |year=1988 |pages=72–83|doi=10.1214/ss/1177013002|author-link=Harold Hotelling|doi-access=free}}

class = "sortable wikitable" ! Year !! Country !! University !! Founder !! References
1911	England	University College London	Pearson, Karl
1918	USA	Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health	Pearl, Raymond	{{cite book\|author1=Rohde, C. \|author2=Zeger, S.L. \|author3=Thomas, K.K. \|author4=Bandeen-Roche, K.\|author4-link=Karen Bandeen-Roche \|title=Johns Hopkins University Department of Biostatistics. In Strength in Numbers: The Rising of Academic Statistics Departments in the U. S. (Eds. Agresti and Meng)\|year=2012\|publisher=Springer Science+Business Media\|location=New York\|isbn=978-1-4614-3648-5\|pages=129–141\|doi=10.1007/978-1-4614-3649-2 }}
1929	Sweden	Lund University	Sven Dag Wicksell	{{Cite web \|date=2023-08-14 \|title=About the department \|url=https://www.stat.lu.se/en/about \|access-date=2023-08-20 \|website=Lund University School of Economics and Management \|language=en}}
~1931	India	Indian Statistical Institute	Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis	{{cite journal \| title=Mahalanobis and the Art and Science of Statistics: The Early Days \| author=Ghosh, JK \| journal=Indian Journal of History of Science \| volume=29 \| issue=1 \| page=90 \| year=1994}}
~1931	USA	Columbia University	Hotelling, Harold	{{Cite book \| url = http://www.amstat.org/about/statisticiansinhistory/index.cfm?fuseaction=biosinfo&BioID=7 \| title = Hotelling, Harold \| publisher = American Statistical Association Statisticians in History \| access-date = 22 May 2009 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130307050741/http://www.amstat.org/about/statisticiansinhistory/index.cfm?fuseaction=biosinfo&BioID=7 \| archive-date = 7 March 2013 \| url-status = dead }}
1931	USA	University of Pennsylvania	—	{{Citation \|last1=George \|first1=Edward I. \|title=University of Pennsylvania Department of Statistics \|date=2012 \|url=https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-1-4614-3649-2_34 \|work=Strength in Numbers: The Rising of Academic Statistics Departments in the U. S. \|pages=469–484 \|editor-last=Agresti \|editor-first=Alan \|access-date=2023-08-20 \|place=New York, NY \|publisher=Springer New York \|language=en \|doi=10.1007/978-1-4614-3649-2_34 \|isbn=978-1-4614-3648-5 \|last2=Krieger \|first2=Abba M. \|last3=Morrison \|first3=Donald F. \|last4=Shaman \|first4=Paul \|editor2-last=Meng \|editor2-first=Xiao-Li\|url-access=subscription }}
1933	USA	Iowa State University	Snedecor, George W.	{{cite journal \| author = Kempthorne Oscar \| title = George W. Snedecor \| journal = International Statistical Review \| volume = 42 \| year = 1974 \| pages = 319–321\| author-link = Oscar Kempthorne }}{{Cite journal \| last1 = David \| first1 = H. A. \| doi = 10.1214/ss/1028905974 \| title = Statistics in U.S. Universities in 1933 and the establishment of the Statistical Laboratory at Iowa State \| journal = Statistical Science \| volume = 13 \| pages = 66–74 \| year = 1998 \| doi-access = free }}
1935	USA	George Washington University	Weida, Frank	{{Cite web \|title=Collection: Statistics Department records {{!}} George Washington University \|url=https://searcharchives.library.gwu.edu/repositories/2/resources/634 \|access-date=2023-08-20 \|website=searcharchives.library.gwu.edu}}{{Cite web \|date=2022-12-10 \|title=George Washington University, Department of Statistics \|url=https://www.niss.org/affiliates/george-washington-university-department-statistics \|access-date=2023-08-20 \|website=National Institute of Statistical Sciences \|language=en}}
1941	USA	North Carolina State University	Cox, Gertrude	{{cite web \| url = http://www.amstat.org/about/statisticiansinhistory/index.cfm?fuseaction=biosinfo&BioID=2 \| title = Cox, Gertrude M. \| publisher = American Statistical Association \| work = Statisticians in History \| access-date = 22 May 2009 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151208055620/http://www.amstat.org/about/statisticiansinhistory/index.cfm?fuseaction=biosinfo&BioID=2 \| archive-date = 8 December 2015 \| url-status = dead \| df = dmy-all }}
1942	Sweden	Uppsala University	Wold, Herman	Herman Wold was appointed Professor of Statistics at Uppsala University in 1942. Already, in 1928, a Swedish Doctor of Philosophy ("Filosofisk Doktorsgrad") was awarded (to P. George Winsler); in 1910, a [http://www.statistik.uu.se/misc/Jubileumskonferens.pdf Professor's Chair in "Statistics" was created]{{Dead link\|date=October 2018 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }}.
1947	England	University of Manchester	Bartlett, M. S.	This position was the second chair of mathematical statistics in the United Kingdom, but there was no formal Department of Statistics at the University of Manchester.{{Cite journal \| journal = Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society \| first = Peter \| last = Whittle \| author-link = Peter Whittle (mathematician) \| doi = 10.1098/rsbm.2004.0002 \| title = Maurice Stevenson Bartlett. 18 June 1910 – 8 January 2002 \| year = 2004 \| volume = 50 \| pages = 15–33 \| doi-access = free }}
1947	USA	Department of Biometry and Statistics, Cornell University	Federer, Walter T.	{{cite web \| title = Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology: History \| publisher = Cornell University \| url = http://www.bscb.cornell.edu/history.php}}{{Cite journal \| title = A Conversation with Walter T. Federer \| author = A. S. Hedayat \| journal = Statistical Science \| volume = 20 \| year = 2005 \| pages = 302–315 \| doi = 10.1214/088342305000000142 \| url = http://projecteuclid.org/DPubS/Repository/1.0/Disseminate?view=body&id=pdfview_1&handle=euclid.ss/1124891294 \| issue = 3 \| doi-access = free }}{{citation \| url = http://www.news.cornell.edu/stories/2008/04/walter-t-federer-father-statistics-department-dies-92 \| date = 18 April 2008 \| title = Walter T. Federer, father of Cornell's statistics department, dies at 92 \| author = Susan S. Lang \| publisher = Cornell Chronicle }}
1948	USA	Stanford University	—	{{cite journal \| year = 1999 \| author = Stephen M. Stigler \| title = The Foundations of Statistics at Stanford \| journal = The American Statistician \| volume = 53 \| issue = 3 \| doi = 10.1080/00031305.1999.10474470 \| pages=263–266}}
1948	India	University of Mumbai	M. C. Chakrabarti	{{cite book\|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=xkoMtO8d6zIC&pg=PP9 \|title= Dedicated to MC Chakrabarti, Book (Papers) - Statistical Inference and Design of Experiments \| first1=Ulhas J. \| last1=Dixit \| first2=Meena R. \| last2=Satam \| isbn=978-81-7319-281-4 \| year=1999 \| publisher=Narosa Publishing House}}
1949	USA	University of Michigan	Velz, Clarence	{{cite book\|author1=Rohde, C. \|author2=Zeger, S.L. \|author3=Thomas, K.K. \|author4=Bandeen-Roche, K.\|author4-link=Karen Bandeen-Roche \|title=University of Michigan Department of Biostatistics. In Strength in Numbers: The Rising of Academic Statistics Departments in the U. S. (Eds. Agresti and Meng)\|year=2012\|publisher=Springer Science+Business Media\|location=New York\|isbn=978-1-4614-3648-5\|pages=407–417\|doi=10.1007/978-1-4614-3649-2 }}
1949	USA	University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill	—	{{Cite web \| title = UNC School of Public Health – School history \| url = http://www.sph.unc.edu/school/school_history.html \| year = 2008 \| access-date = 27 September 2008 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080929125235/http://www.sph.unc.edu/school/school_history.html \| archive-date = 29 September 2008 \| url-status = dead \| df = dmy-all }}
1949	USA	University of Chicago	—	{{Cite web \| title = About the Department of Statistics, University of Chicago \| author = Stephen M. Stigler \| author-link = Stephen Stigler \| url = http://galton.uchicago.edu/about/index.shtml}}
1949	USA	Virginia Tech	Harshbarger, Boyd	{{cite journal \|last1=Arnold \|first1=Jesse C \|title=Virginia tech department of statistics: the first fifty years \|journal=Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation \|volume=66 \|issue=1 \|pages=1–17 \|doi=10.1080/00949650008812008\|year=2000 \|s2cid=119809215 }}
~1950	Sweden	Stockholm University	—	{{Cite web \|title=About us - Department of Statistics \|url=https://www.su.se/department-of-statistics/about-the-department/about-us \|access-date=2023-08-20 \|website=www.su.se \|language=en}}
1950	Israel	Hebrew University of Jerusalem	—	{{Cite web \|url=https://en.stat.huji.ac.il/history \|title=Historic background \|language=en}}
1953	England	Cambridge University, Statistics Lab	Wishart, John	{{Cite web \| title = A Realised Path: The Cambridge Statistical Laboratory \| url = http://www.statslab.cam.ac.uk/History/2history.html \| first = Peter \| last = Whittle \| author-link = Peter Whittle (mathematician) \| year = 2003 \| access-date = 26 September 2008 \| archive-date = 19 December 2013 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131219080017/http://www.statslab.cam.ac.uk/History/2history.html \| url-status = dead }}
1953	India	University of Pune	Huzurbazar, V. S.	{{cite web\|title=1953-1960\|url=http://stats.unipune.ernet.in/hist3.html\|publisher=University of Pune\|url-status=dead\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081021143334/http://stats.unipune.ernet.in/hist3.html\|archive-date=21 October 2008\|df=dmy-all}}
1955	USA	University of California, Berkeley	Neyman, Jerzy	{{Cite book \| year = 1996 \| volume = 30 \| pages = 139–146 \| title = Statistics, probability and game theory\| author = E. L. Lehmann \| chapter-url = http://projecteuclid.org/DPubS/Repository/1.0/Disseminate?view=body&id=pdf_1&handle=euclid.lnms/1215453570 \| chapter-format = pdf \| doi = 10.1214/lnms/1215453570 \| series = Institute of Mathematical Statistics Lecture Notes – Monograph Series \| isbn = 978-0-940600-42-3\| chapter = The creation and early history of the Berkeley Statistics Department }}
1957	USA	Harvard University	Cochran, William G. Mosteller, Frederick	{{cite web\| url = http://www.amstat.org/about/statisticiansinhistory/index.cfm?fuseaction=biosinfo&BioID=21\| title = Cochran, William G.\| publisher = American Statistical Association Statisticians in History\| access-date = 22 May 2009\| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130307050712/http://www.amstat.org/about/statisticiansinhistory/index.cfm?fuseaction=biosinfo&BioID=21\| archive-date = 7 March 2013\| url-status = dead\| df = dmy-all}}{{Cite book \| url = http://www.amstat.org/about/statisticiansinhistory/index.cfm?fuseaction=biosinfo&BioID=10 \| title = Mosteller, Frederick \| date = 30 November 2016 \| publisher = American Statistical Association Statisticians in History}}
1957	Australia	University of Sydney	Lancaster, Henry Oliver	{{Cite web \| title = Obituary: Emeritus Professor Henry Oliver Lancaster, AO FAA \| year = 2002 \| work = The University of Sydney News \| url = http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au/u/About/lancaster.htm}}
1958	USA	University of Minnesota	—	{{Cite web \|title=History \|url=https://cla.umn.edu/statistics/about/history \|access-date=2023-08-20 \|website=College of Liberal Arts \|language=en}}
1959	USA	Florida State University	Ralph A. Bradley	{{Cite web \|title=The Department {{!}} Department of Statistics \|url=https://stat.fsu.edu/department \|access-date=2023-08-20 \|website=stat.fsu.edu}}{{Cite journal \|last=Hollander \|first=Myles \|date=2001-02-01 \|title=A conversation with Ralph A. Bradley \|journal=Statistical Science \|volume=16 \|issue=1 \|doi=10.1214/ss/998929483 \|issn=0883-4237\|doi-access=free }}
1960	USA	University of Wisconsin–Madison	George E. P. Box	{{Cite web \|title=History of the Department of Statistics \|url=https://stat.wisc.edu/department-history/ \|access-date=2023-08-20 \|website=Department of Statistics \|language=en-US}}
1962	USA	University of Florida	Brandt, Alva Esmond	{{Citation \|last1=Agresti \|first1=Alan \|title=University of Florida Department of Statistics \|date=2012 \|url=https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-1-4614-3649-2_26 \|work=Strength in Numbers: The Rising of Academic Statistics Departments in the U. S. \|pages=369–379 \|editor-last=Agresti \|editor-first=Alan \|access-date=2023-08-20 \|place=New York, NY \|publisher=Springer New York \|language=en \|doi=10.1007/978-1-4614-3649-2_26 \|isbn=978-1-4614-3648-5 \|last2=Mendenhall \|first2=William \|last3=Scheaffer \|first3=Richard \|editor2-last=Meng \|editor2-first=Xiao-Li}}
1962	USA	Texas A&M University	Hartley, Herman Otto	{{Cite book \| title = History, Department of Statistics \| publisher = Texas A&M University \| url = http://www.stat.tamu.edu/history.php \| access-date = 2 May 2009 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090525200650/http://www.stat.tamu.edu/history.php \| archive-date = 25 May 2009 \| url-status = dead \| df = dmy-all }}
1963	USA	Yale University	Anscombe, Francis	{{cite news \| author = Wolfgang Saxon \| url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D01E6DD1231F936A15753C1A9679C8B63\| newspaper = New York Times\| date = 25 October 2001\| title = Francis John Anscombe, 83, Mathematician and Professor}}{{Cite web \| title = The History of the Yale University Department of Statistics 1963–2000 \| author = Barbara (Amato) Kuslan \| year = 2002 \| url = http://www.stat.yale.edu/history/HistoryAmato.html}}
1963	USA	Purdue University	—	{{Cite web \|title=Purdue University - Department of Statistics - History \|url=https://www.stat.purdue.edu/about/history/index.html \|access-date=2023-08-20 \|website=www.stat.purdue.edu}}
1964	Bangladesh	Institute of Statistical Research and Training	Hussain, Q.M.	{{Cite web \| url = http://www.isrt.ac.bd/ \| title = ISRT, University of Dhaka: Homepage}}
1965	USA	Princeton University	Tukey, John W.	{{cite web \| year = 1978 \| author = Alexander Leitch \| title = Statistics \| work = A Princeton Companion \| publisher = Princeton University Press \| url = http://etcweb.princeton.edu/CampusWWW/Companion/statistics.html}}{{cite news \| author = David Leonhardt \| title = John Tukey, 85, Statistician; Coined the Word 'Software' \| newspaper = The New York Times \| url = https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9500E4DA173DF93BA15754C0A9669C8B63 \| date=28 July 2000 \| access-date=2 May 2010\| author-link = David Leonhardt }}
1965	USA	University of Iowa	Hogg, Robert V.	{{cite journal\|journal=Statistical Science\|year=2007\|volume=22\|issue=1\|pages=137–152 \| doi=10.1214/088342306000000637 \| title=A Conversation with Robert V. Hogg\|first=Ronald Herman\|last=Randles \|arxiv=0708.3974\|bibcode=2007arXiv0708.3974R\|s2cid=58589782 }}
1966	USA	Carnegie Mellon University	Morris H. DeGroot Gaver Jr, Donald P.	{{Citation \|last1=Smykla \|first1=Margaret L. \|title=Carnegie Mellon University Statistics Department \|date=2012 \|url=https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-1-4614-3649-2_2 \|work=Strength in Numbers: The Rising of Academic Statistics Departments in the U. S. \|pages=9–26 \|editor-last=Agresti \|editor-first=Alan \|access-date=2023-08-20 \|place=New York, NY \|publisher=Springer New York \|language=en \|doi=10.1007/978-1-4614-3649-2_2 \|isbn=978-1-4614-3648-5 \|last2=with the assistance of the department faculty \|editor2-last=Meng \|editor2-first=Xiao-Li}}
1966	Scotland	University of Glasgow	Aitchison, John Silvey, David	{{Cite book \| url = http://www.gla.ac.uk/departments/statistics/aboutus/news/40thbirthday/ \| title = Department of Statistics Celebrates its 40th Birthday \| publisher = University of Glasgow \| year = 2006}}
1967	Canada	University of Waterloo	Sprott, David A.	{{Cite web \|title=History, Mission, & Vision {{!}} Statistics and Actuarial Science \|url=https://uwaterloo.ca/statistics-and-actuarial-science/about/history-mission-vision \|access-date=2023-08-20 \|website=uwaterloo.ca \|language=en}}
1968	USA	Pennsylvania State University	Bartoo, James	{{Cite web \|title=Fifty years of statistics at Penn State {{!}} Penn State University \|url=https://www.psu.edu/news/academics/story/fifty-years-statistics-penn-state/ \|access-date=2023-08-20 \|website=www.psu.edu \|language=en}}
1969	India	Madras Christian College	Gift Siromoney	{{Cite book \| url = https://mcc.edu.in/statistics/\| title = Statistics - Welcome to MCC}}
1969	Hong Kong	University of Hong Kong	Saw Swee Hock	{{Cite web \|title=Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, HKU - History \|url=https://saasweb.hku.hk/history.php \|access-date=2023-08-20 \|website=saasweb.hku.hk}}{{Cite web \|url=https://www.stat.nus.edu.sg/people/saw-swee-hock-professorship-of-statistics/ \|access-date=2023-08-20 \|title=In Memoriam: Professor Saw Swee Hock, distinguished academic and generous benefactor\|work=Saw Swee Hock Professorship of Statistics\|publisher=National University of Singapore Department of Statistics and Data Science}}
1970	USA	Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington School of Public Health	—	{{Cite web \|title=History {{!}} Biostatistics \|url=https://www.biostat.washington.edu/about/history \|access-date=2023-08-20 \|website=www.biostat.washington.edu}}
1973	USA	Ohio State University	Whitney, D. Ransom	{{Cite web \| url = http://library.osu.edu/sites/archives/manuscripts/oralhistory/whitney.php \| title = OSU Oral History Interview with D. Ransom Whitney – University Archives }}{{Dead link\|date=May 2019 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }}
1973	Germany	Universität Dortmund	Eicker, Friedhelm	{{citation \| url=http://www.statistik.uni-dortmund.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Studium/Fachschaftsrat/Omega/1994_Chronik.pdf \| title=Eine Chronik des Fachbereichs Statistik \| author-last=Hering \| author-first=Franz \| year=1994}}
1975 \|India \|Aligarh Muslim University \|S.M. Ali \|^{[https://www.amu.ac.in/department/statistics-and-operations-research]}
1979	Canada	University of Toronto	Donald A. S. Fraser	{{Cite web \| url = http://www.utstat.utoronto.ca/pagecontent/index.php?pageid=47 \| title = University of Toronto Department of Statistics: About Us \| access-date = 12 November 2008 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090914111553/http://utstat.utoronto.ca/pagecontent/index.php?pageid=47 \| archive-date = 14 September 2009 \| url-status = dead \| df = dmy-all }}
1981	India	Vidyasagar University	Gain, Anil Kumar	{{cite web\|last1=Gain\|first1=Anil Kumar\|title=Founder of the University\|url=http://vidyasagar.ac.in/About/AKGayen.aspx\|website=Vidyasagar University}}
1982	Hong Kong	Chinese University of Hong Kong	Tong, Howell	{{Cite web \| title = Vice-Chancellor's Report August 1982-July 1985, p.5 \| url = http://www.iso.cuhk.edu.hk/ebook/index.html#ui=en&lang=en&issue_id=729&page=12}}
1984	India	Banaras Hindu University	Singh, S.N.
1985	USA	University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign	Sacks, Jerome	{{Cite web \|title=History of the Department {{!}} Statistics at Illinois \|url=https://stat.illinois.edu/footer/history-department \|access-date=2023-08-20 \|website=stat.illinois.edu}}
1986	USA	Northwestern University	Meyer Dwass	{{Cite web \|title=Department History: Department of Statistics and Data Science - Northwestern University \|url=https://statistics.northwestern.edu/about/department-history.html \|access-date=2023-08-20 \|website=statistics.northwestern.edu \|language=en}}
1987	USA	Rice University	James R. Thompson	{{Cite web \| title = History of Rice University Statistics Department \| url = https://statistics.rice.edu/about/history \| access-date = 6 May 2022 }}
1988	England	University of Oxford	Hinkley, D. V.	{{Cite web \| title = Brief History of the Establishment of Statistics at Oxford \| url = http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/about_us/statistics_in_oxford \| access-date = 24 September 2008 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080804222612/http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/about_us/statistics_in_oxford \| archive-date = 4 August 2008 \| url-status = dead }}
1994	New Zealand	The University of Auckland	Scott, Alastair Seber, George
1996	USA	University of Virginia School of Medicine	Harrell, Frank E.	{{cite web \| url = http://kc.vanderbilt.edu/site/people/10515/harrell-frank.aspx \| title = Frank E. Harrell Jr., Ph.D. – Vanderbilt Kennedy Center People \| access-date = 22 September 2010 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100620205832/http://kc.vanderbilt.edu/site/people/10515/harrell-frank.aspx \| archive-date = 20 June 2010 \| url-status = dead \| df = dmy-all }}
1997	USA	University of Pittsburgh	Sampson, Allan R.	{{Cite web \|title=Allan R. Sampson, founding chair of Pitt's Statistics Department \|url=https://www.pittwire.pitt.edu/passings/allan-r-sampson-founding-chair-pitts-statistics-department \|access-date=2023-08-20 \|website=www.pittwire.pitt.edu}}
1998	USA	University of California, Los Angeles	Jan de Leeuw	{{Cite journal \|last=Ylvisaker \|first=Donald \|date=2016 \|title=Jan de Leeuw and Statistics at UCLA \|url=http://www.jstatsoft.org/v73/i09/ \|journal=Journal of Statistical Software \|language=en \|volume=73 \|issue=9 \|doi=10.18637/jss.v073.i09 \|issn=1548-7660\|doi-access=free }}

References

External links

{{cite web| url = https://magazine.amstat.org/statisticians-in-history/| title = Statisticians in History| date = 30 November 2016| publisher = American Statistical Association}}
{{cite web | url = http://www.york.ac.uk/depts/maths/histstat/lifework.htm | title = Life and Work of Statisticians | publisher = Department of Mathematics, University of York}}
{{cite web | url = http://www.york.ac.uk/depts/maths/histstat/people/welcome.htm| title = Portraits of Statisticians | publisher = Department of Mathematics, University of York}}
{{cite web | url = http://www.economics.soton.ac.uk/staff/aldrich/Figures.htm | title = Figures from the History of Probability and Statistics | author = John Aldrich | publisher = University of Southampton}}
{{cite web | url = http://www.AgnesScott.edu/lriddle/women/women.htm | title = Biographies of Women Mathematicians | author = Lawrence H. Riddle | publisher = Agnes Scott College}}
[https://web.archive.org/web/20100601073508/http://statprob.com/encyclopedia StatProb] – peer-reviewed encyclopedia sponsored by statistics and probability societies

Category:History of probability and statistics

Statistics

Category:Statistics-related lists

Founders of statistics

Founders of departments of statistics

See also

References

External links