Fourth Orbán Government
{{Short description|Government of Hungary, 2018–2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox government cabinet
| cabinet_name = Fourth Orbán Government
| jurisdiction = Hungary
| cabinet_number = 72nd
| flag = Flag_of_Hungary.svg
| incumbent = 2018–2022
| image = Viktor Orbán 2022.jpg
| date_formed = 18 May 2018
| date_dissolved = 24 May 2022
| government_head = Viktor Orbán
| deputy_government_head = Zsolt Semjén{{Clear}}Mihály Varga{{Clear}}Sándor Pintér
| government_head_history = 1998–2002, 2010–present
| state_head = János Áder
| current_number =
| former_members_number =
| total_number = 16
| political_party = {{hlist|Fidesz|KDNP}}
| opposition_cabinet =
| opposition_party = {{hlist|Jobbik|Momentum|MSZP|DK|LMP|Párbeszéd}}
| legislature_status = Supermajority {{Composition bar|133|199|{{party color|Fidesz}}|background-color=|border border-color=darkgray|width=|per=1}}
| opposition_leader = Tamás Sneider (2018–2020){{Clear}}Péter Jakab (2020–2022)
| election = 2018 election
| last_election = 2022 election
| legislature_term = 2018–2022
| outgoing_formation =
| previous = Third Orbán Government
| successor = Fifth Orbán Government
}}
The fourth Orbán government (Hungarian: negyedik Orbán-kormány) was the Government of Hungary from 18 May 2018 to 24 May 2022, after the 2018 parliamentary elections, led by Viktor Orbán.
Policy
=Social policy=
On 2018 October, Orban's government issued a decree that came into force, removing gender studies from the list of master's programmes. The subject will be banned at Hungarian universities.{{Cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/hungarys-university-ban-on-gender-studies-heats-up-culture-war/a-45944422|title=Hungary's university ban on gender studies heats up culture war | DW | 18.10.2018|website=DW.COM}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/hungary-bans-gender-studies-programmes-viktor-orban-central-european-university-budapest-a8599796.html|title=Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban bans gender studies programmes|date=25 October 2018|website=The Independent}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/10/19/europe/hungary-bans-gender-study-at-colleges-trnd/index.html|title=Hungary's PM bans gender study at colleges saying 'people are born either male or female'|author=Lauren Kent and Samantha Tapfumaneyi|website=CNN|date=19 October 2018}}
On 2020 19 May, Hungary outlaws changing birth gender on documents. The law, proposed by Fidesz party, passed by 133 votes to 57.{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-52727615|title=Hungary outlaws changing birth gender on documents|work=BBC News|date=19 May 2020}}{{cite web | last1=Walker | first1=Shaun | title=Hungary votes to end legal recognition of trans people | url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/19/hungary-votes-to-end-legal-recognition-of-trans-people | date=19 May 2020 | work= The Guardian| access-date=10 August 2021}}
In November 2020, it was announced that Orban's government wanted to amended the definition of family in its constitution to allow an effective ban on adoption by same-sex couples and to mention in the constitution that the mother is a woman, the father a man.{{Cite web|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/nov/11/hungarian-government-mounts-new-assault-on-lgbt-rights|title=Hungarian government mounts new assault on LGBT rights|date=11 November 2020|website=the Guardian}}{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-54902048|title=Hungary government proposes same-sex adoption ban|work=BBC News|date=11 November 2020}}{{Cite web|url=https://balkaninsight.com/2020/11/11/fidesz-submits-new-laws-to-shore-up-position-before-next-election/|title=Fidesz Submits New Laws to Shore up Position Before Next Election|date=11 November 2020}} On 15 December 2020 The Hungarian parliament passes a law that effectively bans adoptions by same-sex couples. According to the measure, only married couples can adopt children while single people must obtain special approval to adopt from the family affairs minister, Lawmakers also amended the Hungarian constitution, with a new definition for family as the union of a father who is a man and a mother who is a woman.{{Cite news|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/hungary-same-sex-adoption-gay-marriage/31001905.html|title=Hungarian Lawmakers Pass Law Effectively Banning Same-Sex Adoption|newspaper=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty|date=15 December 2020 }}{{Cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/hungary-amends-constitution-redefine-family-effectively-banning-gay-adoption-n1251251|title=Hungary amends constitution to redefine family, effectively banning gay adoption|website=NBC News|date=15 December 2020 }}{{cite news | last1=Taylor | first1=Adam | title=Hungary approves constitutional change to effectively ban adoption by same-sex couples | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2020/12/15/hungary-adoption-lgbt-constitution/ | date=15 December 2020 | newspaper=The Washington Post | access-date=10 August 2020}} The Law passed by 134 votes to 45, with 5 abstentions.
On June 5, 2021, it was announced that Orban's government wanted a new law banning the 'promotion' of homosexuality and gender change to children under the age of 18 in schools, films or books.{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-57439699|title=Hungary LGBT: Content aimed at children to be banned|work=BBC News|date=11 June 2021}}{{Cite web|url=https://hungarytoday.hu/fidesz-govt-prohibit-promotion-homosexuality-lgbtqi-under-18-ngo-protest-russia/|title=Fidesz to Prohibit 'Promotion of Homosexuality to Those Under 18'|date=11 June 2021}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.euronews.com/2021/06/11/hungary-proposes-banning-the-promotion-of-homosexuality-to-children|title=Hungary proposes banning the 'promotion' of homosexuality to children|date=11 June 2021|website=euronews}} On June 15, the Hungarian parliament passed a new law that bans the 'promotion' of homosexuality and gender change to children in schools, films or books. Critics compared it to the 2013 Russian gay propaganda law. The Law passed by 157 votes to 1, with 41 abstentions. Fidesz–KDNP, Jobbik and Mi Hazánk voted for the law.{{Cite web|url=https://hungarytoday.hu/hungary-homosexuals-law-homosexuality-lgbtqi-bill/|title=Despite Loud Protests, Fidesz-KDNP Votes in Bill Against 'Promoting Homosexuality'|date=15 June 2021|access-date=16 June 2021|archive-date=20 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211120011922/https://hungarytoday.hu/hungary-homosexuals-law-homosexuality-lgbtqi-bill/|url-status=dead}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jun/15/hungary-passes-law-banning-lbgt-content-in-schools|title=Hungary passes law banning LGBT content in schools or kids' TV|date=15 June 2021|website=the Guardian}}
=George Soros=
On 16 May 2018, George Soros's Open Society Foundations announced it would move its office from Budapest to Berlin amid Hungarian government interference.{{Cite web|title=George Soros foundation to close office in 'repressive' Hungary|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/05/george-soros-foundation-close-office-repressive-hungary-180515160314017.html|access-date=4 July 2020|website=www.aljazeera.com}}{{Cite news|date=15 May 2018|title=Soros foundation to leave Hungary|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-44082976|access-date=4 July 2020}}{{Cite news|agency=Reuters News Agency|date=15 May 2018|title=Soros foundation to close office in Budapest over Hungarian government's 'repressive' policies|language=en-GB|work=The Telegraph|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/05/15/soros-foundation-close-office-budapest-hungarian-governments/|access-date=4 July 2020|issn=0307-1235}}
On 20 June 2018, the Hungarian Parliament passed a "Stop Soros law." Under it, anyone "facilitating illegal immigration" will face a year in prison.{{Cite news|date=20 June 2018|title=Help for migrants outlawed in Hungary|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-44546030|access-date=4 July 2020}}
On 3 December 2018, the Soros-linked Central European University announced it would cease operations in Hungary and relocate to Vienna, after the Hungarian government refused to sign an agreement allowing it to continue operations in Hungary.{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/dec/03/dark-day-freedom-george-soros-affiliated-central-european-university-quits-hungary |title='Dark day for freedom': Soros-affiliated university quits Hungary |last=Walker |first=Shaun |date=3 December 2018 |access-date=3 December 2018 |language=en}}{{Cite web|title=George Soros-funded CEU 'forced out' of Budapest|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/12/george-soros-funded-university-forced-budapest-181203143206519.html|access-date=4 July 2020|website=www.aljazeera.com}}
=China=
In April 2021, it was announced that Orban's government wanted to build Chinese Fudan University campus with Chinese loans in Hungary. According to the plan the university campus would be built by a pre-approved (Chinese state construction firm), with workers, building materials and a €1.25 billion (HUF 450 billion) loan from China.{{Cite web|url=https://www.direkt36.hu/en/kinai-hitelbol-keszul-a-magyar-felsooktatas-oriasberuhazasa-a-kormany-mar-oda-is-igerte-egy-kinai-cegnek/|title=Huge Chinese loan to cover the construction of Fudan University in Budapest|first=Panyi|last=Szabolcs|date=6 April 2021}}{{Cite web|url=https://dailynewshungary.com/fudan-universitys-budapest-campus-to-be-constructed-by-chinese-company-with-chinese-loan/|title=Fudan University's Budapest campus to be constructed by a Chinese company involved in spying scandals?|date=7 April 2021|website=Daily News Hungary}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.euractiv.com/section/politics/short_news/budapest-rejects-chinese-university-building-site-plans/|title=Budapest rejects Chinese university building site plans|first=Vlagyiszlav|last=Makszimov|date=18 May 2021}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3130616/fudan-universitys-planned-budapest-campus-runs-local-opposition|title=Fudan University's planned Budapest campus runs into local opposition|date=23 April 2021|website=South China Morning Post}}{{Cite web|url=https://balkaninsight.com/2021/04/09/hungary-could-turn-into-chinas-trojan-horse-in-europe/|title=Hungary Could Turn Into China's Trojan horse in Europe|date=9 April 2021}}
According to an opinion poll by think tank Republikon Institute, 66% of Hungarians oppose and 27% support the idea of the campus.{{cite web | last1=Komuves | first1=Anita | title=Budapest names streets at planned Chinese university after Uyghurs, Hong Kong | url=https://www.reuters.com/world/china/budapest-names-streets-planned-chinese-university-after-uyghurs-hong-kong-2021-06-02/ | date=3 June 2021 | work=Reuters | access-date=10 August 2021}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/6/2/budapest-mayor-renames-streets-to-protest-china-rights-abuses|title=Budapest mayor tries to rename streets in protest against China|website=www.aljazeera.com}} Some 89 percent of opposition voters oppose the plan, as do 31 percent of the ruling Fidesz party's own supporters.{{Cite web|url=https://www.politico.eu/article/budapest-mayor-gergely-karacsony-viktor-rorban-anti-china-street-names/|title=Budapest mayor provokes Orbán with anti-China street names|date=3 June 2021|website=POLITICO}} The Opposition parties have called for a referendum.{{Cite web|url=https://hungarytoday.hu/budapest-opposition-leadership-vote-referendum-china-fudan-university/|title=Budapest Leadership Insists on Fudan Referendum|date=7 May 2021}} On 5 June 2020, an estimated 10,000 protested against building the university.{{Cite web|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3136212/thousands-march-budapest-against-hungarys-plan-build-chinese|title=Thousands march against Hungary's plan to build Chinese university campus|date=6 June 2021|website=South China Morning Post}}
Party breakdown
=Beginning of term=
Party breakdown of cabinet ministers in the beginning of term:
| * Fidesz
| 7 |
| * KDNP
| 2 |
| * Independents
| 6 |
=End of term=
Party breakdown of cabinet ministers in the end of term:
| * Fidesz
| 8 |
| * KDNP
| 2 |
| * Independents
| 5 |
Members of the Cabinet
| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 100%;" |
| Office
!Name !colspan=2|Party !Term |
|---|
| colspan="5" style="text-align: center;" | Cabinet Office of the Prime Minister |
| Prime Minister
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Fidesz}}" | |{{nowrap|2018–2022}} |
| Minister of the Cabinet Office of the Prime Minister
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Fidesz}}" | |{{nowrap|2018–2022}} |
| colspan="5" style="text-align: center;" | Prime Minister's Office |
| Deputy Prime Minister (General)
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungary)}}" | |KDNP |{{nowrap|2018–2022}} |
| Minister of the Prime Minister’s Office
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Fidesz}}" | |{{nowrap|2018–2022}} |
| colspan="5" style="text-align: center;" | Ministers |
| Deputy Prime Minister (for National Security)
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" | |{{nowrap|2018–2022}} |
| Deputy Prime Minister (for Economic Politics)
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Fidesz}}" | |{{nowrap|2018–2022}} |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Fidesz}}" | |{{nowrap|2018–2022}} |
| rowspan=2| Minister of Justice
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}"| |{{nowrap|2018–2019}} |
| Judit Varga
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Fidesz}}" | |{{nowrap|2019–2022}} |
| Minister of Human Resources
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}"| |{{nowrap|2018–2022}} |
| Minister of Innovation and Technology
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}"| |{{nowrap|2018–2022}} |
| Minister of Agriculture
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Fidesz}}" | |{{nowrap|2018–2022}} |
| Minister of Defence
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}"| |{{nowrap|2018–2022}} |
| colspan="5" style="text-align: center;" | Ministers without portfolio |
| Minister for National Politics, Church Affairs and Nationalities
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungary)}}" | |KDNP |{{nowrap|2018–2022}} |
| Minister for the Planning, Construction and Commissioning of the two new blocks at Paks Nuclear Power Plant |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungary)}}" | |KDNP |{{nowrap|2018–2022}} |
| Minister for Managing National Wealth
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}"| |{{nowrap|2018–2022}} |
| Minister for Family Affairs
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Fidesz}}" | |{{nowrap|2020–2021}} |
Composition
Government press officer Bertalan Havasi announced members of the cabinet on 27 April 2018.{{cite web|title=Orbán Viktor lezárta konzultációit a kormányalakításról|url=http://www.kormany.hu/hu/a-miniszterelnok/hirek/orban-viktor-lezarta-konzultacioit-a-kormanyalakitasrol|publisher=kormany.hu|date=27 April 2018|language=hu|access-date=27 April 2018|archive-date=27 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180427222159/http://www.kormany.hu/hu/a-miniszterelnok/hirek/orban-viktor-lezarta-konzultacioit-a-kormanyalakitasrol|url-status=dead}}
Gen. Tibor Benkő, who has served as Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Hungary since 2010 was nominated to the position of Minister of Defence. After retiring, he took office as a civilian.
| class="wikitable" style="width:85%"
| Office | Image | Incumbent |colspan="2"|Political party | In office |
| bgcolor="#DDDDDD"| Prime Minister
| 100px |style="color:inherit;background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}}" | | Fidesz | 10 May 2018 – 16 May 2022 |
| bgcolor="#EEEEEE" | Deputy Prime Minister (General) Minister without portfolio for National Politics, Church Affairs and Nationalities | 100px |style="color:inherit;background-color: {{party color|Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungary)}}" | | KDNP | 18 May 2018 – 24 May 2022 |
| bgcolor="#EEEEEE" | Deputy Prime Minister (for Economic Politics) Minister of Finance | 100px |style="color:inherit;background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}}" | | Fidesz | 18 May 2018 – 24 May 2022 |
| bgcolor="#EEEEEE" | Deputy Prime Minister (for National Security) Minister of Interior | 100px |style="color:inherit;background-color: {{party color|Independent (politician)}}" | | 18 May 2018 – 24 May 2022 |
| bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | Minister of the Prime Minister's Office
| 100px |style="color:inherit;background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}}" | | Fidesz | 18 May 2018 – 24 May 2022 |
| bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | Minister of the Prime Minister's Cabinet Office
| 100px |style="color:inherit;background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}}" | | Fidesz | 18 May 2018 – 24 May 2022 |
| bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade
| 100px |style="color:inherit;background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}}" | | Fidesz | 18 May 2018 – 24 May 2022 |
| rowspan="2" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | Minister of Justice
| 100px |style="color:inherit;background-color: {{party color|Independent (politician)}}" | | 18 May 2018 – 30 June 2019 |
| 100px
|style="color:inherit;background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}}" | | Fidesz | 12 July 2019 – 24 May 2022 |
| bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | Minister of Human Resources
| 100px |style="color:inherit;background-color: {{party color|Independent (politician)}}" | | 18 May 2018 – 24 May 2022 |
| bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | Minister of Innovation and Technology
| 100px |style="color:inherit;background-color: {{party color|Independent (politician)}}" | | 18 May 2018 – 24 May 2022 |
| bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | Minister of Agriculture
| 100px |style="color:inherit;background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}}" | | Fidesz | 18 May 2018 – 24 May 2022 |
| bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | Minister of Defence
| 100px |style="color:inherit;background-color: {{party color|Independent (politician)}}" | | 18 May 2018 – 24 May 2022 |
| bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | Minister without Portfolio for the planning, construction and commissioning of the two new blocks at Paks Nuclear Power Plant | |style="color:inherit;background-color: {{party color|Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungary)}}" | | KDNP | 18 May 2018 – 24 May 2022 |
| bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | Minister without Portfolio for managing national wealth | 100px |style="color:inherit;background-color: {{party color|Independent (politician)}}" | | 18 May 2018 – 24 May 2022 |
| bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | Minister without Portfolio for family affairs | File:Novák Katalin 2017(crop).jpg |style="color:inherit;background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}}" | | Fidesz | 1 October 2020 – 31 December 2021 |
References
{{reflist}}
{{Fourth Orbán Government}}
{{Viktor Orbán}}
{{Hungarian Governments}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Orban Government 04}}
Category:2018 establishments in Hungary
Category:2022 disestablishments in Hungary
Category:Cabinets established in 2018
Category:Cabinets disestablished in 2022