Frances Hugle

Frances Betty Sarnat (Sarnatzky) was born on August 13, 1927, in Chicago, Illinois, to Nathan Sarnat (Sarnatzky) and Lylian Steinfeld. Sarnat attended Hyde Park High School on Chicago's south side, where she participated in many of the school's science clubs, including the chemistry, physics and biology clubs. In the spring of 1944, just before her graduation, she was selected to represent Hyde Park High in Chicago's Math Contest, in which she took first place.{{cite news| title=3 Hyde Park Seniors Find Higher Math a 'Pushover'| url=https://newspaperarchive.com/southtown-economist/1944-05-07/| access-date=October 11, 2012| newspaper=Southtown Economist| date=May 7, 1944}}

After graduation, Sarnat attended the University of Chicago. In 1946, at the age of eighteen, she was awarded a Bachelor of Philosophy.[http://magazine.uchicago.edu/0402/alumni/deaths.shtml About Alumni - Alumni Deaths]; University of Chicago Magazine, Volume 96, Number 3; February 2004. It was while studying here that she married fellow student, William B. Hugle, in 1947.[http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/William-Bell-Hugle-inventor-2582122.php "William Bell Hugle - inventor"]; Hendricks, Tyche; SF Gate; October 17, 2003 obituary article; retrieved 11/04/2012. They founded several R&D companies together.

In 1957, the University of Chicago additionally awarded her a Bachelor of Science degree in chemistry based upon the course work she had completed between 1944 and 1947.

Hugle's graduate studies in crystallography, including studies in x-ray diffraction techniques, took place at the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, Brooklyn, NY. {{Citation needed|date=November 2012}}

In 1960, she received a Master of Science degree from the University of Cincinnati.{{cite book | last=Sarnat Hugle| first=Frances| title=Cathodic Deplating of Rhodium| publisher=World Cat.| oclc=37948461}}

Hugle also received an honorary doctorate from a Canadian university. In the mid-1960s, she taught at Santa Clara University. {{citation needed|date=October 2012}}

Hugle founded her first research company, Hyco Labs, in the mid-1940s and assumed the title of Director of Research. At Hyco Labs, she began the research and development of materials, processes and specialized equipment that would become the foundation of much of her future work. After marrying, the Hugles founded Stuart Laboratories, Inc.Levine, Bernard; Guinther, Fred; February 24, 1997; The Package, "Electronic News;" 43:2156; p. 36. She worked at Stuart Laboratories from October 1949 until February 1951. They have four children, Margaret, Cheryl, David and Linda.

In March 1951, she went to work for Standard Electronics Research Corp., where she was cleared for "secret" work. She remained at Standard Electronics Research Corp until August 1952,{{citation needed|date=October 2012}} and shortly thereafter obtained employment at the Baldwin Piano Company, which was looking to use transistors in their electronic organs and may have been interested in "military and industrial electronics".Rostky, George; October 30, 1997; A Radio and Silicon, "Electronic Engineering Times;" Issue 978; pp. 113–120.Hoffler, Don C.; January 18, 1971; Silicon Valley U.S.A., Part II; "Electronic News." In 1959, both Hugle and her husband began work at Westinghouse Company in Pittsburgh. In 1960, at the request of Westinghouse, the Hugles moved to southern California to set up an astro-electronics laboratory.{{cite news| last=Strickler| first=Carolyn| title=Pictorial Living| newspaper=Los Angeles Examiner| date=October 1961}}

In late 1961, the Hugles moved again, to the Laurelwood Subdivision in Santa Clara, in the San Francisco Bay Area, where the Hugles co-founded Siliconix in 1962.{{cite web| last=Vishay| title=Vishay 50-Year Timeline| url=http://www.vishay.com/landingpage/50year/siliconix.html| publisher=Vishay| access-date=30 May 2012}} She developed Siliconix's first products and became its first Director of Research and Chief Engineer.Carey, Pete; October 16, 2003; Silicon Valley Pioneer, Siliconix Founder, Dies at 76, "Mercury News;" p 1C.{{cite patent |inventor-last=Hugle| inventor-first=Frances| title=Process for Manufacturing Horizontal Transistor Structure| country=US| number=3328214| fdate=1963-04-22| pubdate=1967-06-27}}

After leaving Siliconix in 1964, Hugle developed products for two more semiconductor companies that she co-founded with her husband. These were Stewart Warner Microcircuits, where she once again served as Director of Research and as Chief Engineer, and Hugle Industries. She got stomach cancer and died at the age of 40.https://ggstem.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/fran-obit.jpg {{Bare URL image|date=August 2024}}

Hugle was awarded at least seventeen patents, some posthumously.{{cite web| url=https://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=ininventor:frances+ininventor:hugle#q=frances+hugle&hl=en&safe=off&tbm=pts&ei=MaV8UK6PGOe8iwLooYDACA&sqi=2&start=10&sa=N&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_cp.r_qf.&fp=783883017e6f650a&bpcl=35277026&biw=1440&bih=770| title=Google Patent Search, Name = Frances Hugle| access-date=15 October 2012}} Amongst these, she has been credited with the invention of tape automated bonding (TAB) (a technology first put into commercial use by General Electric); and Hugle was the first person to patent flex-based packaging.{{cite web| last=Vardaman| first=E. Jan| title=The Flexibility of Flex Circuits| url=http://pcdandf.com/cms/component/content/article/232-2010-issues/7569-on-the-forefront| work=Friday, 29 October 2010 17:17| publisher=Printed Circuit Design and Fab| access-date=23 May 2012}}{{cite patent| title=Method of Aligning Semiconductors| inventor-first=Frances| inventor-last=Hugle| country=US| number=3465150| fdate=1967-06-15| pubdate=1969-09-02}}{{cite book| last=Tummala| first=Rao| title=Fundamentals of Microsystems Packaging| year=2001| publisher=McGraw-Hill| isbn=978-0071371698| pages=44;363}}Gilleo, Ken; August 2005; Flex, Chips and RFID: Synergy in Minneapolis; "CircuiTree;" 18:8; pp 48, 50. She has also been identified as a pioneer in early flip chip technology. Patents include:

• {{cite patent| title=Semi-Conductive Films and Method of Producing Them| country=US| number=3226271| inventor-first=Frances B.| inventor-last=Hugle| inventor2-first=William B.| inventor2-last=Hugle| fdate=1956-03-29| pubdate=1965-12-28}}
• {{cite patent| title=Isolation Techniques for Integrated Circuits| country=US| number=3481801| inventor-first=F. B.| inventor-last=Hugle| fdate=1966-10-10| pubdate=1969-12-02}}. This patent is included in the Chip Collection displayed by the Smithsonian National Museum of American History.{{cite web| last=Hugle| first=Frances| title=Isolation Techniques for Integrated Circuits| url=http://smithsonianchips.si.edu/patents/3481801.htm| work=Filed October 10, 1966| publisher=National Museum of American History| access-date=May 23, 2012}}
• {{cite patent| title=Method of Manufacturing Improved MIS Transistor Arrays| country=US| number=3574007| inventor-first=Frances B.| inventor-last=Hugle| fdate=1967-07-19}}

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Category:American electrical engineers

Category:1968 deaths

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Category:20th-century American engineers

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Category:American women inventors