Francis Duncan (writer)

{{short description|English writer}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}

Francis Duncan was the pen name of William Underhill (1918–1988), a British writer who published over twenty works of detective fiction between 1938 and 1959.{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/jan/03/murder-for-christmas-mystery-of-author-francis-duncan|last=Thorpe|first=Vanessa|title=Solved: mystery of Christmas whodunnit that was a hit 66 years after publication|website=The Observer|date=3 January 2016}} Later in his career he also wrote five historical romances (as Hilary West) and children's fiction (as Robert Preston).{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/theobserver/2016/jan/10/new-labour-benefited-millions|title=Letter: How I killed off mystery writer|website=The Observer|date=10 January 2016}} Underhill's detective works follow the conventions of the Golden Age of Detective Fiction, and mostly feature one of two detective characters – Peter Justice or Mordecai Tremaine.{{cite web|last=Cowdrey|first=Katherine|url=https://www.thebookseller.com/news/vintage-publish-francis-duncan-murder-mystery-series-330246|title=Vintage to publish Francis Duncan murder mystery series|website=The Bookseller|date=20 May 2016}} Largely neglected after his death in 1988, the success of a reprint of his 1949 novel Murder for Christmas in 2015 has led to further works being brought back into print.

Biography

Born in Bristol in 1918 to a working-class family (his father was a docker at Avonmouth), Underhill obtained a scholarship to Queen Elizabeth's Hospital school, but was unable to afford to attend university.{{cite web|url=https://www.penguin.co.uk/authors/1078711/francis-duncan.html?tab=penguin-biography|title=Biography: Francis Duncan|website=Penguin Books|access-date=17 January 2021}} Underhill began writing in his spare time to supplement his income as a debt collector for Bristol City Council. He married Sylvia Henly in 1938 and had two children – Kathryn in 1943 and Derek in 1949.

In World War II he registered as a conscientious objector and volunteered for the Royal Army Medical Corps, serving as a medical orderly in France shortly after D-Day. His son, Derek, recalls his father saying that his most successful writing period was during World War II, when his time off-duty gave him the freedom to write, and there was a ready market for escapist detective fiction. After World War II, there was a national shortage of teachers and he was given training to be a primary school teacher. After undertaking an external economics degree he later became a lecturer in economics and history at a college of further education. He died of a heart attack in 1988.

Detective fiction

His novels were moderately successful but, owing to his pseudonym, he remained virtually unknown and his books soon went out of print. A reprint of his 1949 novel Murder for Christmas in November 2015 proved commercially and critically successful, leading the publisher Vintage Books to put out a call for information about the author, about whom they had no details. The family contacted the publisher after seeing the reprint in a branch of Waterstones. Five of his novels featuring Mordecai Tremaine, a former tobacconist and lover of romance novels who dabbles in amateur detective work, have now been reprinted.{{cite web|url=https://www.fantasticfiction.com/d/francis-duncan/|title=Francis Duncan|website=Fantastic Fiction|access-date=17 January 2021}}{{cite web|url=http://www.classiccrimefiction.com/francis-duncan.htm|title=Francis Duncan|website=Classic Crime Fiction|access-date=17 January 2021}}

=Peter Justice series=

  1. The Hand of Justice (1936)
  2. The League of Justice (1937)
  3. The Sword of Justice (1937)
  4. Justice Returns (1940)
  5. Justice Limited (1941)

=Mordecai Tremaine series=

  1. They'll Never Find Out (1944)
  2. Murder Has a Motive (1947)
  3. Murderer's Bluff (1948)
  4. Murder for Christmas (1949)
  5. So Pretty a Problem (1950)
  6. In at the Death (1952)
  7. Behold a Fair Woman (1954)

=Standalone novels=

  • Tigers Fight Alone (1938)
  • Dangerous Mr. X (1939)
  • Murder in Man (1940)
  • Night Without End (1943)
  • Fear Holds the Key (1945)
  • Ministers Too Are Mortal (1951)
  • Murder But Gently (1953)
  • A Question of Time (1959)

References