Francisco Javier López Peña
{{Infobox person
|name = Francisco Javier López Peña
|image =
|image_size =
|caption =
|birth_name =
|birth_date = {{Birth date|1958|2|14}}
|death_date = {{death-date and age|30 March 2013|14 February 1958}}
|birth_place = Galdácano Biscay, Spain
|death_place = Paris, France
|other_names = Thierry
|occupation =
|title =
|term = 1991 - 2008
|party = ETA
|status = Awaiting trial
}}
Francisco Javier López Peña alias Thierry (14 February 1958 – 30 March 2013) was a member of Basque separatist group ETA. He headed its political leadership. On 20 May 2008, López Peña was arrested in Bordeaux, France, during a joint operation between French and Spanish police officials.
ETA activity
López Peña went on the run from law enforcement in 1983. On March 18, 1991, following the arrest of Jesus Arcauz Arana ("Josu of Mondragon") in Biarritz, France, ETA's military leader, López Peña moved into the upper echelons of ETA's leadership.
In 2006, he was said to be responsible for calling off the negotiations with the Spanish government by ordering the Barajas Airport bombing that came on December 30. In this regard, López Peña has been described as hawkish."[https://web.archive.org/web/20080602145646/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/france/2003335/Eta-leader-Francisco-Javier-Lopez-Pena%27s-arrest-is-%27major-blow-to-terrorist-group%27.html Eta leader Francisco Javier Lopez Pena's arrest is 'major blow to terrorist group']" - Telegraph"[http://www.tehrantimes.com/index_View.asp?code=169543 Five arrested ETA suspects remanded to Paris court: official]" - Tehran Times
The spate of attacks in early 2008 and the killing of a Civil Guard member was alleged to have occurred at Lopen Peña's behest.{{Citation needed|date=July 2008}}
Crimes
López Peña's first tangle with the law occurred on February 14, 1983 when he was arrested in Bayonne, France. He was convicted of criminal conspiracy and sent to prison.
On July 8, 2005 he was sentenced, in absentia, by the Correctional Tribunal of Paris (France) to 8 years' imprisonment for criminal conspiracy.
On February 5, 2007 Central Examining Court No. 5 of the National High Court ordered his arrest and incarceration for collaboration with terrorist or armed bands.[http://www.mir.es/DGRIS/Notas_Prensa/Ultimos_comunicados/np052104.html (Spanish)] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080529204808/http://www.mir.es/DGRIS/Notas_Prensa/Ultimos_comunicados/np052104.html |date=May 29, 2008 }}
When he was arrested on May 20, 2008, López Peña was in a Bordeaux apartment with three other ETA members, including Ainhoa Ozaeta Mendiondo, Igor Suberbiola and Jon Salaberria. They were reported to not have resisted arrest. When police raided the flat in Bouscat, which had been under surveillance for a week, they found two handguns, a homemade rocket-launcher and several detonators."[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/1793816.stm French arrest six ETA suspects]", BBC News Six were arrested, including Angel Arrauzpide-Cruz, considered by police to be the head of an ETA reservist cell, and a former mayor of a Basque city arrested earlier that year, who is said to have led police to López Peña.{{Citation needed|date=July 2008}}
On May 26, 2008, López Peña along with four others arrested in the same week were remanded to a court in Paris. The group were expected to be placed under judicial investigation for "criminal association with a terrorist organization."
International reactions
López Peña's arrest was widely approved."[http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-05/28/content_8267976.htm Spanish government to bolster fight against ETA] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121019132936/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-05/28/content_8267976.htm |date=2012-10-19 }}" - English Xinhua
= {{FRA}} =
A statement from the French Prime Minister called López Peña "one of the historic leaders" of ETA, and added that he had been wanted by police for 20 years. The statement also said, "The success of this operation illustrates again the remarkable quality of the anti-terrorist cooperation between France and Spain."[http://www.fortmilltimes.com/106/story/170170.html Police: Top ETA official arrested in France]{{dead link|date=March 2013}}
= {{ESP}} =
Spanish Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero hailed the arrests as "another important step in the victory of democracy against terror."[http://www.philly.com/philly/news/nation_world/20080522_In_the_World.html In the World | Philadelphia Inquirer | 22 May 2008] {{dead link|date=March 2013}} He added that the raid had "delivered a severe blow to the leadership of the terrorist group ETA."[http://ukpress.google.com/article/ALeqM5hmpeJw1Um1Uv59U2JxcbRP0RzSuQ The Press Association: Spanish PM hails 'Eta' arrests]{{dead link|date=November 2012|bot=Legobot}}
Spanish Interior Minister Alfredo Pérez Rubalcaba called the arrests "the hardest setback" ever for ETA.[http://www.typicallyspanish.com/news/publish/article_16604.shtml Spanish government speaks of the significance of latest ETA arrests in France] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080705135907/http://www.typicallyspanish.com/news/publish/article_16604.shtml |date=July 5, 2008 }} He went on to say "This is not just another police operation in the sense that one of the detained, Francisco Javier López Peña, is in all likelihood at this moment the person with most political and military weight in the terrorist group ETA." Upon his return to Madrid, precipitated by arrest, Rubalcaba stated that he believed these leaders "are behind or even ordered the latest killings." Rubalcaba called the arrests a big victory in Spain's decades-old battle against ETA, "We are closer to the end, but this is not the end.""[http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2008/05/21/europe/EU-GEN-Spain-ETA-Arrests.php Spain calls arrest of reputed ETA chief, and others, a severe blow to Basque separatist group]" - International Herald Tribune He added "The four had a decisive participation in the attacks in Barajas and Castellon", and hence "It is an operation of an enormous importance." Luis Ignacio Iruretagoyena was also detained, of whom Rubalcaba said, "Iruretagoyena is considered by police to be the maximum expert in the making of bombs within ETA.""[http://wwwwakeupamericans-spree.blogspot.com/2007/09/4-suspected-members-of-basque-group-eta.html 4 Suspected Members of Basque Group ETA Arrested in France]" - Wake up America
On May 27, Rubalcaba said that the state is stronger and ETA is crippled. e announced plans to recruit more police for the security services in dealing with ETA. However, he warned that while the state is "stronger than ever", the capacity for ETA to "harm us a lot" still existed. In speaking before the Interior Committee at the Spanish Parliament he hailed the arrest of López Peña as a critical blow to the group.
On May 30, ETA released a statement exclaiming despite the arrest "the fight for an independent Basque homeland will continue". The statement, sent to Basque newspaper Gara, read "If there is no adequate attention to the root of the problem, the conflict will persist." It went on to state, "they (French and Spanish government) will be forcing us to keep on fighting.""[https://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSL30636819 ETA rebels say arrests won't stop them fighting]" - Reuters
Death
After suffering a heart attack on the 30th of March, López Peña was hospitalized in Paris. His death came in the same month as other Basque prisoners' deaths. His family complained that they had only learned of his death when they came to visit him.{{Cite web |url=http://www.saoirse.info/attachments/File/may13.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-09-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104180329/http://www.saoirse.info/attachments/File/may13.pdf |archive-date=2013-11-04 |url-status=dead }}
References
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