Frans Brüggen
{{Short description|Dutch conductor, recorder player and baroque flautist (1934–2014)}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Frans Brüggen
| image = Frans Brüggen (1969).jpg
| caption = Brüggen in 1969
| birth_date = {{birth date|1934|10|30|df=y}}
| birth_place = Amsterdam, Netherlands
| death_date = {{death date and age|2014|08|13|1934|10|30|df=y}}
| death_place =
| education = University of Amsterdam
| occupation = {{ubl| Recorder player | Flutist | Conductor }}
| organizations = Royal Conservatory of The Hague
| awards =
}}
Franciscus ("Frans") Jozef Brüggen (30 October 1934 – 13 August 2014) was a Dutch conductor, recorder player and baroque flautist.
Biography
Born in Amsterdam, Brüggen was the youngest of the nine children of August Brüggen, a textile factory owner, and his wife Johanna (née Verkley), an amateur singer.{{cite news | author=Vivien Schweitzer | title=Frans Brüggen, Pioneer in Early Music, Dies at 79 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/25/arts/music/frans-bruggen-pioneer-in-early-music-dies-at-79.html | work=The New York Times | date=2014-08-25 | access-date=2014-08-30}} He studied recorder and flute at the Amsterdam Muzieklyceum. He also studied musicology at the University of Amsterdam. In 1955, at the age of 21, he was appointed professor at the Royal Conservatory of The Hague. His reputation was initially as a recorder and Baroque flute virtuoso, and he commissioned several works for recorder including Luciano Berio's Gesti (1965).J.M. Thomson. [http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/04132 "Brüggen, Frans"], Grove Music Online, Oxford Music Online, Oxford University Press, accessed 16 August 2014 {{subscription required}} In 1972, he co-founded recorder ensemble Sour Cream with Kees Boeke and Walter van Hauwe.{{cite news | author=Barry Millington | title=Frans Brüggen obituary | url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2014/aug/17/frans-bruggen | work=The Guardian | date=2014-08-17 | access-date=2014-08-30}}{{cite news | author=Guido van Oorschot | title=Frans Brüggen (1934-2014): blokfluitist in sportwagen | url=http://www.volkskrant.nl/vk/nl/3380/Cultuur/article/detail/3717826/2014/08/13/Dirigent-Frans-Bruggen-79-overleden.dhtml | work=De Volksrant | date=2014-08-13 | access-date=2014-08-30}}
Brüggen introduced a flexibility of tone and rhythm to solo recorder playing that was novel to historically informed performance practice at the time. Notes in slow passages would be slightly bent for emotional affect, tone warmed and cooled, messa di voce employed, alongside considerable use of rubato. Such approaches provoked some controversy at the time, but in part due to his use of them, have since become more commonplace.
In 1981, Brüggen co-founded with Sieuwert Verster the Orchestra of the Eighteenth Century (Orkest van de Achttiende Eeuw).{{cite news | author=Daniel J. Wakin | title=In Italy, 'Eroica' Energizes a Frail Fixture of Period Music | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/30/arts/music/30fran.html | work=The New York Times | date=2008-06-30 | access-date=2009-08-22}} Although he did not have a formal title with the orchestra, he was its de facto chief conductor until his death. The Orchestra of the Age of Enlightenment (OAE) named Brüggen its co-principal guest conductor, in parallel with Simon Rattle, in 1992. The OAE later gave him the title of Emeritus Conductor in 2007. He was the conductor of the Radio Kamerorkest in the Netherlands from 1991 to 1994, and joint chief conductor of the orchestra, alongside Péter Eötvös, from 2001 until the dissolution of the orchestra in 2005. Brüggen conducted the final concert of the successor to the Radio Kamerorkest, the Netherlands Radio Chamber Orchestra, on 14 July 2013.
Brüggen was a visiting professor at Harvard University and the University of California, Berkeley.
His recordings include, as a flautist, selections from the Pièces de Clavecin en Concerts of Jean-Philippe Rameau,{{cite news | author=Bernard Holland | author-link=Bernard Holland | title=Paying Court to a Wry Master of the French Baroque | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/04/07/movies/paying-court-to-a-wry-master-of-the-french-baroque.html?pagewanted=all | work=The New York Times | date=2000-04-07 | access-date=2009-08-22}} and as a conductor, Instrumental Suites of Rameau's operas (Dardanus, Les Boréales, Castor & Pollux, Les Indes galantes, Naïs, Zoroastre, Les Fêtes d'Hébé, Acante et Céphise), symphonies of Ludwig van Beethoven,{{cite news | author=John Rockwell | title=Beethoven, as He Passed Down Through the Centuries | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/01/31/arts/recordings-view-beethoven-as-he-passed-down-through-the-centuries.html | work=The New York Times | date=1993-01-31 | access-date=2009-08-22}} Joseph Haydn,{{cite news | author=John Rockwell | title=Contrasting Temperaments Battle in Haydn Warhorses | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/04/17/arts/recordings-view-contrasting-temperaments-battle-in-haydn-warhorses.html | work=The New York Times | date=1994-04-17 | access-date=2009-08-22}} Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Franz Schubert.{{Citation needed|date=October 2018}}
Personal life
Brüggen was married twice. His first marriage to Ineke Verwayen produced two daughters, Laura and Alicia.{{cite news | title=Afscheid van "tovenaar" Frans Brüggen in Oude Kerk Amsterdam| url=http://www.refdag.nl/muziek/afscheid_van_tovenaar_frans_bruggen_in_oude_kerk_amsterdam_1_848824 | work=Reformatorisch Dagblad | date=2014-08-19 | access-date=2014-08-30}} His second marriage was to the art historian Machtelt Israëls; they had two daughters, Zephyr and Eos.{{cite book |title=Sassetta: the Borgo San Sepolcro altarpiece. Volume 1 |editor=Machtelt Israëls |chapter=Introduction |page=19 |publisher=Primavera Press, Leiden |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-674-03523-2}} Brüggen was the uncle of recorder soloist and Amsterdam Loeki Stardust Quartet member, Daniël Brüggen.
Honours and awards
- The Honorary medal for Arts and Science of the Order of the House of Orange{{cite news | author=Jaco van der Knijff | title=Afscheid In memoriam Frans Brüggen (1934-2014) | url=http://www.refdag.nl/muziek/in_memoriam_frans_bruggen_1934_2014_1_847874 | work=Reformatorisch Dagblad | date=2014-08-14 | access-date=2014-08-30}} (22 September 2010)
- Knight of the Order of the Netherlands Lion (28 April 2003)
References
{{Reflist|45em}}
External links
- [http://www.bach-cantatas.com/Bio/Bruggen-Frans.htm Bach-cantatas.com: Frans Brüggen]
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bruggen, Frans}}
Category:Baroque-flute players
Category:Dutch recorder players
Category:Dutch conductors (music)
Category:Dutch male conductors (music)
Category:Conservatorium van Amsterdam alumni
Category:Honorary members of the Royal Academy of Music
Category:Musicians from Amsterdam
Category:Recipients of the Order of the House of Orange
Category:Academic staff of the Royal Conservatory of The Hague