Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center

{{Infobox organization

| name = Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center

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| predecessor = Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center

Seattle Cancer Care Alliance

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| formation = {{Start date and age|1975}}

| logo = Fred_Hutch_updated_logo.svg

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| type = Nonprofit organization

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| headquarters = Seattle, Washington, U.S.

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| leader_name = Thomas Lynch Jr., M.D.

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| budget = $654.62 million (2020){{cite web |title=Financial Summaries & Impact Reporting |url=https://www.fredhutch.org/en/about/about-the-hutch/accountability-impact/financial-summaries-and-impact-reporting.html |website=Fred Hutch Cancer Research Center |access-date=15 April 2021}}

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| website = {{URL|https://www.fredhutch.org|fredhutch.org}}

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File:Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center from Space Needle - Seattle.JPG]]

File:Fred Hutch Steam Plant 2.jpg

The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, formerly known as the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and also known as Fred Hutch or The Hutch, is a cancer research institute established in 1975 in Seattle, Washington.{{cite web | title=Mission Statement | url=http://fhcrc.org/about/mission.html | publisher=Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center | access-date=August 6, 2009 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120120134200/http://www.fhcrc.org/about/mission.html | archive-date=January 20, 2012 | url-status=dead }}

History

The center grew out of the Pacific Northwest Research Foundation, founded in 1956 by William B. Hutchinson (1909–1997). The Foundation was dedicated to the study of heart surgery, cancer, and diseases of the endocrine system. Hutchinson's younger brother Fred (1919–1964) was a major league pitcher and manager who died of lung cancer at age 45. The next year, William Hutchinson established the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center as a division of the Pacific Northwest Research Foundation.Louis Fiset, December 30, 2004 for HistoryLink: The Free, Online Encyclopedia of Washington State History [http://www.historylink.org/index.cfm?DisplayPage=output.cfm&file_id=7183 Hutchinson, Dr. William B. (1909–1997)]

In 1972, with the help of Senator Warren G. Magnuson, PNRF received federal funding under the National Cancer Act of 1971 to create in Seattle one of the 15 new NCI-designated Cancer Centers aimed at conducting basic researchSimone JV. Understanding cancer centers. J Clin Oncol. 2002 Dec 1;20(23):4503-7. {{PMID|12454105}} called for under 1971 Act; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center became independent 1972 and its building opened three years later {{nowrap|in 1975.{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=UMopAAAAIBAJ&sjid=yvgDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6987%2C853330 |work=Spokane Daily Chronicle |location=(Washington) |title=Center dedication Friday |agency=AP |date=September 2, 1975 |page=6}}Jane Sanders for the University of Washington Libraries. 1987 [https://content.lib.washington.edu/jacksonweb/essay.html Essay: A Legacy of Public Service]Melissa Allison for the Seattle Times. October 20, 2012 [http://www.seattletimes.com/business/e-donnall-thomas-nobel-winner-for-bone-marrow-transplant-advances/ Obituary: E. Donnall Thomas, Nobel winner for bone-marrow transplant advances]US Government Accounting Office. March 17, 1976. [http://gao.gov/assets/120/116268.pdf Comprehensive Cancer Centers: Their Locations and Role]{{rp|3,5}}}}

The center was named an NCI-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center in 1976.NCI [http://www.cancer.gov/research/nci-role/cancer-centers/find/fredhutchcrc Fred Hutchinson/University of Washington Cancer Consortium] Page access June 27, 2015

In 1998, the center formed the Seattle Cancer Care Alliance (SCCA), a separate nonprofit corporation,Washington State Hospital Association [https://www.wsha.org/hospitalDetail.cfm?HID=142 Hospital Details: Seattle Cancer Care Alliance] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150630155433/https://www.wsha.org/hospitalDetail.cfm?HID=142 |date=June 30, 2015 }} Page accessed June 27, 2015 with University of Washington School of Medicine (UW Medicine), and Seattle Children's. This solidified the center's reach into clinical care and was essential for it retaining its NCI comprehensive center designation;BusinessWire October 24, 2012 [http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20121024006661/en/Fitch-Affirms-Seattle-Cancer-Care-Alliance-WA#.VY8hnhNVhBc Fitch Affirms Seattle Cancer Care Alliance (WA) Rev Bonds at A+; Outlook Stable] the designation was extended to the center's consortium including the SCCA in 2003. SCCA's outpatient clinic first opened in January 2001.

In 2001, The Seattle Times published a series of articles alleging that investigators at the center (including the center's co-founder E. Donnall Thomas) were conducting unethical clinical studies on cancer patients. The paper alleged that in two cancer studies conducted in the 1980s and early 1990s, patients were not informed about all the risks of the study, nor about the study doctors' financial interest in study outcome. The paper also alleged that this financial interest may have contributed to the doctors' failure to halt the studies despite evidence that patients were dying sooner and more frequently than expected.{{Cite news | title = Uninformed Consent | newspaper = The Seattle Times | year = 2001 | url = http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/uninformed_consent/ }} In response, the center formed a panel of independent experts to review its existing research practices, leading to adoption of new conflict-of-interest rules.{{Cite news | title = Hutch leader Lee Hartwell guided center's ride to top, will retire next June | newspaper = The Seattle Times | url = http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2009593731_hartwell04m.html | first=Sandi |author-link=Sandi Doughton | last=Doughton | date=August 4, 2009}}

In 2010 Lawrence Corey was appointed as the fourth President, following the retirement of Lee Hartwell. He was followed by

Gary Gilliland in 2015 as president, who led the institute until 2020.{{cite news|title=Lawrence Corey, infectious disease expert, new Hutchinson Center President |url=http://www.seattlepi.com/local/article/Lawrence-Corey-infectious-disease-expert-new-897269.php|access-date=July 4, 2011 | newspaper=Seattle Post-Intelligencer|date=July 29, 2010}}Seattle Times Staff. November 20, 2014 [http://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/genetics-expert-named-director-president-of-fred-hutch/ "Genetics expert named director, president of Fred Hutch"]{{Cite web |url=https://www.fredhutch.org/en/faculty-lab-directory/gilliland-gary.html|title = D. Gary Gilliland, M.D., Ph.D.}} Under his leadership the center announced that it would expand into the former Lake Union steam plant, which previously housed ZymoGenetics.{{Cite news|url=https://www.seattletimes.com/business/technology/hutch-cancer-center-will-put-labs-in-seattles-historic-lake-union-steam-plant/|date=June 11, 2018|title=Hutch cancer center will put labs in Seattle's historic Lake Union steam plant|first=Benjamin |last=Romano|newspaper=The Seattle Times|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200518042224/https://www.seattletimes.com/business/technology/hutch-cancer-center-will-put-labs-in-seattles-historic-lake-union-steam-plant/|archive-date=May 18, 2020|url-status=live}} The move was completed in October 2020.{{Cite web|url=https://www.fredhutch.org/en/news/releases/2020/10/fred-hutch-completes-move-in-of-lake-union-steam-plant.html|title = Fred Hutch completes move-in of Lake Union Steam Plant|date = October 15, 2020}} In February 2020, Thomas J. Lynch Jr. took over as director.{{Cite web|url=https://www.fredhutch.org/en/news/releases/2020/01/fred-hutch-names-dr--thomas-j--lynch-jr--as-new-president-and-director.html|title=Fred Hutch names Dr. Thomas J. Lynch Jr. As new president and director|date=January 7, 2020}}

The year 2014 saw the organization adopt its longtime local nickname, "Fred Hutch", as its official name as part of a rebranding.{{Cite news | title = New Name, Logo, and Identity for Fred Hutch by Hornall Anderson |url=https://www.underconsideration.com/brandnew/archives/new_name_logo_and_identity_for_fred_hutch_by_hornall_anderson.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141115215703/https://www.underconsideration.com/brandnew/archives/new_name_logo_and_identity_for_fred_hutch_by_hornall_anderson.php |archive-date=November 15, 2014|first=Armin |last=Vit |date=November 12, 2014}}{{cbignore}}

On April 1, 2022, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and Seattle Cancer Care Alliance (SCCA) merged to form Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, a unified adult cancer research and care center that is clinically integrated with University of Washington (UW) Medicine and UW Medicine's cancer program.{{cite web | url=https://www.fredhutch.org/en/news/releases/2022/04/fred-hutchinson-cancer-research-center--seattle-cancer-care-alli.html | title=Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle Children's and UW Medicine Complete Restructure of Partnership | date=April 2022 }}

Notable faculty

The center has employed three recipients of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine:

Linda B. Buck, who received the award in 2004 for solving many details of the olfactory system;{{cite web | title=Medicine 2004 | url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2004/ | publisher=nobelprize.org | access-date=March 29, 2009}} and
Leland H. Hartwell, who received the honor in 2001 for his discoveries regarding the mechanisms that control cell division.{{cite web | title=Medicine 2001 | url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2001/ | publisher=nobelprize.org | access-date=March 29, 2009}} After retiring from leading the center in 2010, Hartwell left to join Arizona State University.Luke Timmerman for Xconomy. September 20, 2010 [http://www.xconomy.com/seattle/2010/09/20/lee-hartwell-at-70-tackles-personalized-medicine-education-in-latest-career-phase/ Lee Hartwell, at 70, Tackles Personalized Medicine, Education in Latest Career Phase] and
E. Donnall Thomas, who received the award in 1990 for his pioneering work in bone-marrow transplantation and who died in 2012;{{cite journal |last1=Appelbaum |first1=Frederick R. |year=2012 |title=E. Donnall Thomas (1920–2012) |journal=Science |volume=338 |issue=6111 |page=1163 |doi=10.1126/science.1232395 |pmid=23197524 |s2cid=206546435 |doi-access=free|bibcode=2012Sci...338.1163A }}{{cite web |title=Medicine 1990 |url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1990/ |access-date=March 29, 2009 |publisher=nobelprize.org}}

Commercialization

The center is active in technology transfer. In 2013, it was one of the top ten biomedical research institutions in the field (excluding universities); it made 18 new deals with companies to develop inventions made at the center, and earned $10,684,882 in income from past deals it had signed.Brady Huggett. [http://www.nature.com/nbt/journal/v32/n11/pdf/nbt.3066.pdf Top US universities and institutes for life sciences in 2013] Nature Biotechnology 32(11):1085 Most notably, Juno Therapeutics, a company developing CAR-T immunotherapy for cancer and that raised $314 million in venture capital investments and had a $265 million initial public offering in 2014, was started based on inventions made at the center.Annie Zak for the Puget Sound Business Journal, February 13, 2015 [http://www.bizjournals.com/seattle/print-edition/2015/02/13/fred-hutch-and-its-amazing-spinoff-machine.html Fred Hutch and its amazing spinoff machine] As of 2015, about twenty companies had been started based on center inventions since 1975, including Immunex and Icos.

Campus

The institute's main campus consists of 13 buildings that are on {{convert|15|acre|ha|1|spell=in}} in the South Lake Union neighborhood of Seattle.{{cite web |title=Our Sustainable Campus |url=https://www.fredhutch.org/en/about/sustainable-campus.html |publisher=Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center |access-date=December 17, 2015 |archive-date=June 26, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626175155/http://www.fredhutch.org/en/about/sustainable-campus.html |url-status=dead }}

In 1987, the center began exploring possible new homes to replace its 9-building campus on First Hill that it was set to outgrow.{{cite news |last=Balter |first=Joni |date=September 27, 1987 |title=Growing Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center may move |page=A1 |newspaper=The Seattle Times |url=http://infoweb.newsbank.com/resources/doc/nb/news/0EB532805223E582?p=AMNEWS |url-access=subscription |via=NewsBank |access-date=December 17, 2015}}{{cite news |last=Levy |first=Nat |date=December 17, 2015 |title=Why and how the Hutch moved to SLU |url=http://www.djc.com/news/re/12084595.html |newspaper=Seattle Daily Journal of Commerce |access-date=December 17, 2015}} A site in the South Lake Union neighborhood, envisioned by the city as a future high-tech and biotechnology hub,{{cite news |last=Lilly |first=Dick |date=June 20, 1993 |title=Firms Moving Quicker than Commons Plan |page=B1 |newspaper=The Seattle Times |url=http://infoweb.newsbank.com/resources/doc/nb/news/0EB5367ECCF6026A?p=AMNEWS |url-access=subscription |via=NewsBank |access-date=December 17, 2015}} was chosen in September 1988 after a deal to move to Fremont fell through earlier that year.{{cite news |last=Angelos |first=Constantine |date=September 30, 1988 |title=Hutchinson Center approves new site - Board OK's plan to buy Lake Union |page=A1 |newspaper=The Seattle Times |url=http://infoweb.newsbank.com/resources/doc/nb/news/0EB533064DAF6CD0?p=AMNEWS |url-access=subscription |via=NewsBank |access-date=December 17, 2015}}{{cite news |last=Nogaki |first=Sylvia |date=June 25, 1988 |title=Hutchinson Division's move canceled - Grants make N. end site too small |page=A10 |newspaper=The Seattle Times |url=http://infoweb.newsbank.com/resources/doc/nb/news/0EB532E509B3A4C3?p=AMNEWS |url-access=subscription |via=NewsBank |access-date=December 17, 2015}} The first phase of the campus, designed by firm Zimmer Gunsul Frasca Partnership,{{cite news |last=King |first=Marsha |date=July 28, 1991 |title=In This Space At This Time -- ZGF's Organic Style Gives Birth To Buildings That Fit |url=https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/19910728/1296834/in-this-space-at-this-time----zgfs-organic-style-gives-birth-to-buildings-that-fit |newspaper=The Seattle Times |access-date=December 17, 2015}} began construction in 1991 and opened on June 1, 1993, in a ceremony that included the burying of a time capsule set to open in 2093.{{cite magazine |last=Woodward |first=Kristen |date=February 2015 |title=40 things you didn't know about Fred Hutch |url=https://www.fredhutch.org/en/news/hutch-magazine/2015-02/40-things-you-didn-t-know-about-fred-hutch.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222080024/https://www.fredhutch.org/en/news/hutch-magazine/2015-02/40-things-you-didn-t-know-about-fred-hutch.html |archive-date=December 22, 2015 |magazine=Hutch Magazine |publisher=Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center |access-date=December 17, 2015}}{{cite news |date=June 2, 1993 |title=Hutchinson Dedicates a New Lab Building |page=B2 |newspaper=The Seattle Times}}

The campus is accessible via the Mercer Street exit of Interstate 5 as well as several public transportation routes, including the South Lake Union Streetcar.{{cite map |title=Campus Buildings & Destinations |url=https://www.fredhutch.org/content/dam/public/contact-us/Visit-Us/FRED_HUTCH_CAMPUS_MAP_online.pdf |format=PDF |publisher=Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center |access-date=December 17, 2015 |archive-date=April 23, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210423151400/https://www.fredhutch.org/content/dam/public/contact-us/Visit-Us/FRED_HUTCH_CAMPUS_MAP_online.pdf |url-status=dead }}