Frederick Ferdinand Moore

{{Infobox writer

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| name = Frederick Ferdinand Moore

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| image = Frederick Ferdinand Moore 1913.jpg

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| caption = Frederick Ferdinand Moore ca 1913

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| birth_date = {{Birth date|1881|12|24}}

| birth_place = Concord, New Hampshire

| death_date = {{Death date and age|1947|1|16|1881|12|24|df=yes}}

| death_place = Los Angeles, California

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| occupation = Writer

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| nationality = American

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| genre = Adventure, military, pulp fiction

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| notable_works = The Devil's Admiral
Siberia To-day
The Samovar Girl

| spouses = Florence Raymond Frisbee (1906-1914) (divorced)
Eleanor Gates (1914-16) (annulled)

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| children = Marjorie Jan Moore

| relatives =

| awards = Japanese Order of the Rising Sun

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Frederick Ferdinand Moore (24 December 1881 – 16 January 1947) was an early 20th century American novelist, short story writer, editor, publisher, soldier and war correspondent. His first novel The Devil's Admiral was inspired by his extensive travels as a sailor, a soldier serving in the US Army during the Philippine–American War, and later as a correspondent covering the Russo-Japanese War.{{Cite news|date=1913-03-09|title=Among the Authors|work=New York Times Review of Books|hdl=2027/hvd.32044092564905?urlappend=%3Bseq=144|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.32044092564905?urlappend=%3Bseq=144}}

As a captain in the US Army he was an intelligence officer in the American Expeditionary Force, Siberia, and was awarded the Order of the Rising Sun 5th Class by the Japanese government. He documented his first-hand experience witnessing the rise of the Bolsheviks in Siberia To-day, a text which remained as a key reference to the region for several decades after it was published.{{Cite journal|last=Treadgold|first=Donald W.|date=1956|title=Siberian Colonization and the Future of Asiatic Russia|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3634393|journal=Pacific Historical Review|volume=25|issue=1|pages=47–54|doi=10.2307/3634393|jstor=3634393|issn=0030-8684}}

Moore's marriage and subsequent annulment to Eleanor Gates, playwright and author of The Poor Little Rich Girl, drew significant media attention.{{Cite news|date=1914-11-15|title=Author's Wife Asks for Redress - Eleanor Gates is Also Involved|pages=53|work=The San Francisco Examiner|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84024381/authors-wife-asks-for-redress/|access-date=2021-08-24}}

Moore later became a deputy marshal with the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department and was murdered while on duty in 1947. Despite prolonged searches, his remains were never found.

Early days

Moore was born on 24 December 1881 in Concord, New Hampshire, the eldest of four children of James Bell Moore of Stalybridge, England, and Nellie C. Moore of Ireland.{{Cite book|last=Alberta Lawrence|url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.150923|title=Whos Who Among North American Authors Vol - Iv 1929 - 1930|date=1921}} The Moore family lived primarily in Enfield, New Hampshire. As a boy, Moore worked in a woolen mill as a weaver. In order to study while his loom was running he would fasten a book to the frame and read when the weaving did not require his attention.{{Cite book|last=Moore|first=Frederick Ferdinand|url=http://archive.org/details/cu31924028466674|title=Siberia to-day|date=1919|publisher=New York, London, D. Appleton and company|others=Cornell University Library|pages=218}} Moore appeared to be enrolled in Boston College but it is unclear whether he ever finished high school.{{Cite web|title=Catalogue of the officers and students of Boston College. 1897/1898.|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/bc.ark:/13960/t23b74q5v?urlappend=;seq=28|access-date=2021-07-15|website=HathiTrust|hdl = 2027/bc.ark:/13960/t23b74q5v?urlappend=%3Bseq=28|language=en}}

According to The New York Times, Moore "ran away to sea when he was 15, as a seagoing cowpuncher in a cattleboat bound for Liverpool. For 10 or 12 years after that he roamed the world by sea routes as sailor, soldier and newspaper correspondent."{{Cite web|title=The New York Times Review of Books. 1913|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.32044092564905?urlappend=%3Bseq=193|access-date=2021-07-11|website=HathiTrust|language=en|hdl=2027/hvd.32044092564905?urlappend=%3Bseq=193}} Canadian-American writer H. Bedford-Jones shared a similar account of Moore's youth: "Trooper, as he was called, had a master's license in sail – captain, to you. He was in the Boer War, the Philippine Insurrection, the Boxer trouble – where he was the first man over the Peking wall … In the Russo-Japan War he was a correspondent."{{Cite news |date=1947-01-25 |title=Writer H. Bedford Jones shares memories of Frederick Ferdinand Moore |pages=13 |work=The Los Angeles Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80890605/writer-h-bedford-jones-shares-memories/ |access-date=2021-07-11}}

Moore claims he circumnavigated the world three times by tramp steamers while still in his teens. He felt he was destined to become a sea captain, but after reading Kipling and the sinking of the Maine in 1898 he recognized that "the defence of his country was more alluring than the chance of a captain's berth."{{Cite journal |date=4 June 1913 |title=An Author's Adventures Show Day of Adventure Not Passed |url=https://archive.org/details/victoriadailytimes19130604/page/n15/mode/2up |journal=Victoria Daily Times |via=Archive.org}}

Writing career

File:The Devil's Admiral 1913 Illustration.jpg in The Devil's Admiral]]

Moore contributed to stories about the Boxer Rebellion to the New York Herald in 1900.{{Cite book|last=Library of Congress. Copyright Office.|url=http://archive.org/details/catalogoftitlee190025libr|title=Catalog of Title Entries of Books Etc. Oct 4-Dec 27 Fourth Quarter 1900 vol 25|date=1900|publisher=U.S. Govt. Print. Off.|others=United States Copyright Office|language=English}} After his discharge in 1904 from the US Army in Manila, he remained in Asia to cover the Russo-Japanese War as a correspondent.{{Cite book|last1=Hinkel|first1=Edgar Joseph|url=http://archive.org/details/biographiesofcal01hink|title=Biographies of California authors and indexes of California literature|last2=McCann|first2=William E.|last3=Alameda County Free Library|last4=United States. Work Projects Administration|date=1942|publisher=Oakland, Calif.|others=San Francisco Public Library}} As a correspondent for Hearst's, he filed one of the first reports in May 1905 of the Battle of Tsushima when the Japanese fleet defeated the Russian fleet.{{Cite news|date=9 May 1914|title=Lieut. F. F. Moore, Editor of the Argosy, Resigns to Serve Flag|work=The Editor and Publisher and Journalist|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_black-cat-a-monthly-magazine-of-original-short-stories_1908-04_13_7/page/n1/mode/2up}}

On his return to the United States in 1905, Moore became a reporter and feature writer for the San Francisco Examiner, where he remained until 1913.{{Cite news|date=1910-12-11|title=Do you know your San Francisco by Frederick Ferdinand Moore|pages=89|work=The San Francisco Examiner|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80945107/do-you-know-your-san-francisco-by/|access-date=2021-07-11}}{{Cite news|date=1909-03-28|title=Twenty-nine grammar school in line. Frederick F. Moore, San Francisco Examiner|pages=81|work=The San Francisco Examiner|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80944189/twenty-nine-grammar-school-in-line/|access-date=2021-07-11}} He served as the editor of Argosy in New York City from 1913 to 1915. During this time he became a prolific short story writer, drawing largely on his experience in the US Army. His non-fiction essays were widely published. His article entitled [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015039665784?urlappend=%3Bseq=456 "The Vanishing Army of the Bolsheviki"] drew global attention within socialist movements.{{Cite journal|date=18 September 1918|title=The Truth About Siberia|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/71423713?searchTerm=%22Frederick+F.+Moore%22#|journal=Worker (Brisbane, Australia)|pages=18|via=Trove}}{{Cite journal|date=21 June 1919|title=The Allies in Siberia - War Against the People|url=https://www.marxists.org/history/usa/pubs/revolutionaryage/v1n36-jun-21-1919.pdf|journal=The Revolutionary Age|volume=1|issue=36 |pages=6}}

Moore's best-known and most critically acclaimed work is The Devil's Admiral, published in 1913.{{Cite news|date=1913-03-23|title=Pirates, Gold, Gore|work=New York Times Review of Books|hdl=2027/hvd.32044092564905?urlappend=%3Bseq=180|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.32044092564905?urlappend=%3Bseq=180}} The adventure novel about modern-day pirates draws on Moore's experience of sailing in the South China Sea.{{Cite journal|date=July 1913|title=Book Reviews: The Devil's Admiral|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.ah6gfk?urlappend=%3Bseq=145|journal=Sailors' Magazine|volume=85|pages=107|hdl=2027/hvd.ah6gfk?urlappend=%3Bseq=145|via=Haithi Trust}}{{Cite news|date=1912-10-13|title=New Author is Newspaper Man - Writes China Sea Adventures|pages=68|work=The San Francisco Examiner|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80944718/new-author-is-newspaper-man-writes/|access-date=2021-07-11}} Moore followed The Devil's Admiral with three other novels: Sailor Girl (1920),{{Cite news|date=1920-04-25|title=Stirring Sea Tale is 'Sailor Girl'|pages=7|work=The Salt Lake Herald-Republican|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/81215962/stirring-sea-tale-is-sailor-girl/|access-date=2021-07-11}}{{Cite news|date=1920-04-29|title=Book Reviews: Keeps You on Tiptoe|pages=10|work=St. Joseph News-Press|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/81216208/book-reviews-keeps-you-on-tiptoe/|access-date=2021-07-11}} Isle O' Dreams (1920){{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_granite-state-monthly_1920-06_52_6/page/268/mode/2up|title=Books of New Hampshire Interest|date=June 1920|publisher=The Granite Monthly|year=1920|pages=268|language=English}} and The Samovar Girl (1921).{{Cite news|date=1921-08-14|title=Samovar Girl is Tale of California|pages=23|work=The Fresno Morning Republican|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80946601/samovar-girl-is-tale-of-california/|access-date=2021-07-11}}

Moore was a prolific writer of pulp fiction and penned more than 160 short stories in his career, most frequently with the byline of Captain Frederick Moore. His stories were featured in the "Big Four" of pulp magazines: Argosy, Adventure, Blue Book and Short Stories. The majority of these were stories of the sea or military life.{{Cite web|title=Chronological List of Short Stories - Frederick Ferdinand Moore|url=http://www.philsp.com/homeville/fmi/i/i02398.htm#A49|access-date=2021-07-12|website=www.philsp.com|archive-date=2021-07-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712144010/http://www.philsp.com/homeville/fmi/i/i02398.htm#A49|url-status=dead}}

In 1925, Moore established the publication Book Dealers' Weekly, based out of New York.{{Cite book|last=Library of Congress. Copyright Office.|url=http://archive.org/details/catalogofcopyrig202libr|title=Catalog of Copyright Entries, 1925 Periodicals New Series Vol 20 Part 2|date=1925|publisher=U.S. Govt. Print. Off.|others=United States Copyright Office|language=English}}

Military service

Moore enlisted in the US Army in May 1902 and served with Troop H 2nd Cavalry Regiment during the Philippine Insurrection. He declined a commission in 1904 and requested a discharge in Manila in November so that he could report on the Russo-Japanese War.{{Cite news|date=20 February 1913|title=Travel has made an author out of this man|work=Hanford Journal|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=HJD19130220.2.82&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN-%252522Frederick+Ferdinand+Moore%252522-------1}}

Moore enlisted as a second lieutenant in Battery F of the First Field Artillery of the New York National Guard on 12 November 1913.{{Cite web|title=Annual Report of the Adjutant General of the State of New York for the 1913|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/coo.31924078861972?urlappend=;seq=234|access-date=2021-07-14|website=HathiTrust|hdl = 2027/coo.31924078861972?urlappend=%3Bseq=234|language=en}}

He later enlisted in the US Army and as a captain in the Intelligence Division, General Staff, of the American Expeditionary Force, Siberia. He was stationed in Chita and had numerous encounters with Grigory Mikhaylovich Semyonov, the ataman of Baikal Cossacks. Moore was honorably discharged on 17 March 1919. The Emperor of Japan awarded him the Order of the Rising Sun 5th Class for his service as part of the Allied forces in Russia.{{Cite web |title=Abstracts of World War I Military Service, 1917-1919 for Frederick Ferdinand Moore |url=https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/3030/images/40808_1120704930_0722-00941?pId=227071 |access-date=2021-07-11 |website=www.ancestry.com}} Moore documented his observations of Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War in his book Siberia To-day and became a widely cited authority on Japanese and Russian relations for many decades to follow.{{Cite web|title=Mince Pie and Other Books: Siberia Today|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=SFC19200109.2.196&e=------192-en--20--1--txt-txIN-%22Frederick+F.+Moore%22-------1|access-date=2021-07-11|website=cdnc.ucr.edu}}{{Cite journal|date=5 March 1920|title=Siberia To-day|url=https://newspapers.library.in.gov/cgi-bin/indiana?a=d&d=INN19200305-01.1.14&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-%22Frederick+F.+Moore%22------|journal=Indianapolis News|pages=14|via=Hoosier State Chronicles}}{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/sim_new-york-times_1919-11-02_69_22562|title=Thinks Mongolians Fear the Japanese: Capt Moore Believes Union with China is Fought to Balk Aggression|date=1919-11-02|work=The New York Times|language=English}}

Murder

In the mid-1940s Moore became a deputy marshal with the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department.{{Cite web|title=Bill Text - SCR-45 California Peace Officers' Memorial Day.|url=https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SCR45|access-date=2021-07-11|website=leginfo.legislature.ca.gov}} On 16 January 1947, he was assigned to collect a writ of $157 against Mrs. Eleanor Madras, the owner of a Pasadena café. It was the last time Moore was seen alive.{{Cite news|date=1947-01-24|title=Marshal's grave still is sought|pages=14|work=The Fresno Bee|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80884907/marshals-grave-still-is-sought/|access-date=2021-07-11}}

Two days later, police apprehended Edward H. Evans, a 34-year-old former boxer and fight promoter, as a suspect in the murder. In a 17-page confession, Evans admitted to killing Moore.{{Cite news|date=1947-01-20|title=Murder of Court Attache Told in Weird Confession|pages=2|work=The Los Angeles Times|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/86232778/murder-of-court-attache-told-in-weird/|access-date=2021-09-30}} According to Evans, the shooting grew out of an argument between Moore and himself in a Monterey Park café around Christmas. When Moore visited the Pasadena café on 16 January, Evans shot him at 10 pm. Evans admitted to loading Moore's body into Madras's car and driving to an unidentified place, presumably in Kern County.{{Cite news|date=1947-01-20|title=Suspect leads hunt for marshal's grave; ex-boxer directs hunt in hills|pages=9|work=Metropolitan Pasadena Star-News|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80882661/suspect-leads-hunt-for-marshals-grave/|access-date=2021-07-11}}

According to Evans, he buried Moore in a shallow grave and disposed of Moore's pistol as well as his own. He lit the car on fire. Authorities found the burnt-out car but despite massive searches they could not locate Moore's remains.{{Cite news|date=1947-01-19|title=Pasadena Man Admits Slaying, Burying Officer|pages=1|work=The Fresno Bee|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80885789/pasadena-man-admits-slaying-burying/|access-date=2021-07-11}}

Evans was declared insane and committed to the Mendocino State Hospital. He was released after serving two years under a corpus delicti clause because Moore's remains had still not been found.{{Cite news|date=1949-11-11|title=Law Ain't Got No Body, Free Evans|pages=3|work=Pasadena Independent|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80955900/law-aint-got-no-body-free-evans/|access-date=2021-07-11}} A skull was found in 1957 in the area where Evans allegedly buried Moore, but dental records did not match Moore's.{{Cite news|date=1957-09-05|title=Finding of skull may solve 10 year slaying mystery|pages=31|work=The Sacramento Bee|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80956009/finding-of-skull-may-solve-10-year/|access-date=2021-07-11}}{{Cite news|date=1957-09-10|title=Skull not that of Pasadenan|pages=5|work=The Hanford Sentinel|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80956033/skull-not-that-of-pasadenan/|access-date=2021-07-11}}

Personal

Moore married Florence Raymond Frisbee in San Francisco on 25 August 1906, a few months after both experienced the San Francisco fire and earthquake. They had one daughter, Marjorie, born in 1909.

On 18 October 1914, he wed playwright Eleanor Gates, author of The Poor Little Rich Girl, in New Jersey.{{Cite news |date=1914-10-18 |title=Eleanor Gates and Frederick Ferdinand Moore wed |pages=17 |work=Oakland Tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80892058/eleanor-gates-and-frederick-ferdinand/ |access-date=2021-07-11}}{{Cite news |date=1914-10-19 |title=Eleanor Gates and Frederick F. Moore wed |pages=10 |work=St. Louis Globe-Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80892095/eleanor-gates-and-frederick-f-moore-wed/ |access-date=2021-07-11}} At the time, Gates had an interlocutory decree of divorce from her husband, Richard Walton Tully, and Moore had a similar decree from his wife. Moore's first wife, Florence, contested the decree of divorce, and as a result Gates annulled her marriage to Moore.{{Cite news|date=1914-11-23|title=Dick Tully's Former Wife's Divorce Tangle Worse and Worse|pages=7|work=Stockton Daily Evening Record|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/81152777/dick-tullys-former-wifes-divorce/|access-date=2021-07-11}} Gates claimed that Moore had been an "invalid" for seven years prior to her marriage but her cooking cured him. She said in 1922 that amongst friends they were known as the "Inseparables."{{Cite news|date=1922-03-12|title=How Cattle Herding Helped an Author to Success|pages=42|work=The Kansas City Star|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/83209172/how-cattle-herding-helped-an-author-to/|access-date=2021-08-12}} The two remained as a couple till the early 1930s.{{Cite news|date=1916-07-07|title=Eleanor Gates in Law's Tangle - Divorce Decrees Worry Author - Seeks Annulment of Match with Moore|pages=13|work=Oakland Tribune|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80894668/eleanor-gates-in-laws-tangle-divorce/|access-date=2021-07-11}}

Works

= Selected short stories =

1900. "Who 'Lizzy Jane Luzry Wuz" as Told by Delilah Hopkins. Inter-State Journal. 2(1):2–3.
1901a. "Just as the Ship Went Down: An Anecdote of the Deep Sea". Inter-State Journal. 3(4):8.
1901b. "Mose Barnaby is Afflicted". Inter-State Journal. 2(5):8–10.
1901c. "Delilah Hopkins Encounters Cupid". Inter-State Journal. 2(3):9–10.
1907. [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/100075200 "Emperor by Telegraph"]. Army and Navy Life. 11(6).
1908a. [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/njp.32101064241845?urlappend=%3Bseq=40 "Three of the Third"]. The Black Cat. 14(1):28–33.
1908b. [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/umn.31951000899802u?urlappend=%3Bseq=351 "The Twenty-One Skeletons"]. Overland Monthly. 52(4):343–348.
1908c. "El Cuchillo". The Black Cat. 13(7):1–11
1909a. [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/umn.31951001906775p?urlappend=%3Bseq=394 "The Big Story"]. McClure's Magazine. 33(4):376–382.
1909b. [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uiug.30112071910076?urlappend=%3Bseq=285 "His First Command"]. Army and Navy Life. 14(3):267–273.
1909c. [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/chi.78751465?urlappend=%3Bseq=391 "Bilibid for Life"]. Sunset. 23:375–380.
1910a. [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015039787794?urlappend=%3Bseq=432 "The Orientalizing of Appleton"]. Sunset. 25(4):402–405.
1910b. [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015039787794?urlappend=%3Bseq=164 "The Eye at the Knot Hole"]. Sunset. 25(2):143–145.
1911. [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/chi.78751650?urlappend=%3Bseq=307 "The 'Busting' of Corporal Kerrigan"]. Sunset. 27(3):292–300.
1918. [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.31175024108055?urlappend=%3Bseq=635 "The Book-Soldier"]. Everybody's Magazine. 37(3):25–31, 68.
1928. "The Lagoon of the Secret Pearls". Adventure. 65(6):130–179.
1938. Pearls at Quarter Moon. Short Stories. 164(1):66-98 (Serial | Part 1 |

= Shared works with Eleanor Gates =

Moore and his wife, Eleanor Gates, co-authored numerous novellas between 1917 and 1924.

1917. [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015070561181?urlappend=%3Bseq=127 "The Faithful Woman".] Munsey's Magazine. 60(1):115.
1922. [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015074652804?urlappend=%3Bseq=749 "Malay Madness".] Munsey's Magazine. 76(4):731–768.
1923a. "The House of the Wicked". Munsey's Magazine. 80(2):209-. (Four-part serial | Part [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015074652960?urlappend=%3Bseq=227 1] | [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015074652960?urlappend=%3Bseq=478 Part 2] | [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015074652960?urlappend=%3Bseq=713 Part 3] | [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015074652952?urlappend=%3Bseq=166 Part 4]) .
1923b. "The Seven Suspected". Adventure. 38(5):3–37.

= Selected poems =

1921. [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/osu.32435071744718?urlappend=%3Bseq=78 "The Barrack Braggart"]. Argosy All-Story Weekly 138(6):858.
1937. "The Tropic Maid". Adventure. 96(4):64-65.

= Selected non-fiction articles =

1916. [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/njp.32101074752906?urlappend=%3Bseq=130 "A National System of Defense"]. American Defense. 1(5):142, 152.
1919. [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015039665784?urlappend=%3Bseq=456 "The Vanishing Army of the Bolsheviki"]. Hearst's Magazine. June:30, 73.

= Books =

1913. [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/100103239 The Devil's Admiral]. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page & Company
1919. Siberia To-day. New York: D. Appleton and Company
1920. Sailor Girl. New York: D. Appleton and Company
1920. [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/007667337 Isle O' Dreams]. New York: Doubleday, Page & Company
1921. The Samovar Girl. New York: D. Appleton and Company