French battleship Diderot

Although the {{sclass|Danton|battleship|1}}s were a significant improvement from the preceding {{sclass|Liberté|battleship|4}}, they were outclassed by the advent of the dreadnought well before they were completed. This, combined with other poor traits, including the great weight in coal they had to carry, making them rather unsuccessful ships, though their numerous rapid-firing guns were of some use in the Mediterranean.Gardiner & Gray, p. 196

Diderot was {{convert|146.6|m|sp=us|ftin}} long overall and had a beam of {{convert|25.8|m|sp=us|ftin}} and a full-load draft of {{convert|9.2|m|sp=us|ftin}}. She displaced {{convert|19736|MT|LT|sp=us}} at deep load and had a crew of 681 officers and enlisted men. The ship was powered by four Parsons steam turbines using steam generated by twenty-six Belleville boilers. The turbines were rated at {{convert|22500|shp|lk=in}} and provided a top speed of around {{convert|19|kn|lk=in}}. Diderot, however, reached a top speed of {{convert|19.9|kn|lk=in}} on her sea trials. She carried a maximum of {{convert|2027|t|LT}} of coal which allowed her to steam for {{convert|3370|lk=in|nmi}} at a speed of {{convert|10|kn}}.

Diderot{{'}}s main battery consisted of four 305mm/45 Modèle 1906 guns mounted in two twin gun turrets, one forward and one aft. The secondary battery consisted of twelve 240mm/50 Modèle 1902 guns in twin turrets, three on each side of the ship. A number of smaller guns were carried for defense against torpedo boats. These included sixteen {{convert|75|mm|abbr=on}} L/65 guns and ten QF 3-pounder Hotchkiss Hotchkiss guns. The ship was also armed with two submerged {{convert|450|mm|abbr=on|1}} torpedo tubes. The ship's waterline armor belt was {{convert|270|mm|abbr=on|1}} thick and the main battery was protected by up to {{convert|300|mm|abbr=on|1}} of armor. The conning tower also had 300 mm thick sides.

During the war 75 mm anti-aircraft guns were installed on the roofs of the ship's two forward 240 mm gun turrets.Meirat, p. 5 During 1918, the elevation of the 240 mm guns was increased which extended their range to {{convert|18000|m|yd|sp=us}}.

File:FMIB 37065 Dreadnought Francais Diderot.jpeg

Construction of Diderot began on 26 December 1906Gille, p. 120 by Ateliers et Chantiers de la Loire in Saint-Nazaire and the ship was laid down on 20 October 1907. She was launched on 19 April 1909 and was completed on 1 August 1911.Silverstone, p. 95 The ship was assigned to the First Division of the First Squadron (escadre) of the Mediterranean Fleet when she was commissioned. The ship participated in combined fleet maneuvers between Provence and Tunisia in May–June 1913Gille, p. 119 and the subsequent naval review conducted by the President of France, Raymond Poincaré on 7 June 1913. Afterwards, Diderot joined her squadron in its tour of the Eastern Mediterranean in October–December 1913 and participated in the grand fleet exercise in the Mediterranean in May 1914.

In early August 1914, the ship cruised the Strait of Sicily in an attempt to prevent the German battlecruiser {{SMS|Goeben||2}} and the light cruiser {{SMS|Breslau||2}} from breaking out to the West. On 16 August 1914 the combined Anglo-French Fleet under Admiral Auguste Boué de Lapeyrère, including Diderot, made a sweep of the Adriatic Sea. The Allied ships encountered the Austro-Hungarian cruiser {{SMS|Zenta}}, escorted by the destroyer {{SMS|Ulan}}, blockading the coast of Montenegro. There were too many ships for Zenta to escape, so she remained behind to allow Ulan to get away and was sunk by gunfire during the Battle of Antivari off the coast of Bar, Montenegro. Diderot subsequently participated in a number of raids into the Adriatic later in the year and patrolled the Ionian Islands. From December 1914 through 1917, the ship participated in the distant blockade of the Straits of Otranto while based in Corfu. In May 1918, Diderot became flagship of the First Division of the Second Squadron and was transferred that month to Mudros with her sister ships, {{ship|French battleship|Mirabeau||2}} and {{ship|French battleship|Vergniaud||2}}, to prevent Goeben from breaking out into the Mediterranean and remained there until the end of the war.

After the Armistice of Mudros was signed on 30 October between the Allies and the Ottoman Empire, the ship participated in the early stage of the occupation of Constantinople from 12 November to 12 December. Diderot was based in Toulon throughout 1919 and was modernized in 1922–25 to improve her underwater protection. The ship became a training ship in 1927 and was condemned on 17 March 1937; sold to M. Gosselin-Duriez on 30 July 1937 for 3,557,010 FF, she arrived at Dunkirk for breaking up on 31 August.{{sfn|Dumas|Prevoteaux|2011|p=170}}

{{reflist|30em}}

• {{cite book |last1=Dumas |first1=Robert |last2=Prevoteaux |first2=Gérard |title=Les Cuirassés de 18 000t |date=2011 |publisher=Lela Presse |isbn=978-2-914017-62-6 |language=fr}}
• {{cite book |editor1-last=Gardiner|editor1-first=Robert|editor2-last=Gray|editor2-first=Randal|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921|year=1985|location=Annapolis, Maryland|publisher=Naval Institute Press|isbn=978-0-85177-245-5|name-list-style=amp}}
• {{cite book|last=Gille|first=Eric|title=Cent ans de cuirassés français|publisher=Marines édition|location=Nantes|year=1999|isbn=2-909-675-50-5|trans-title=A Century of French Battleships |language=fr}}
• {{cite book

| last = Halpern

| first = Paul G.|author-link=Paul G. Halpern

| year = 2004

| title = The Battle of the Otranto Straits: Controlling the Gateway to the Adriatic in World War I

| publisher = Indiana University Press

| location = Bloomington, Indiana

| isbn = 978-0-253-34379-6

}}

• {{cite book |last1=Jordan |first1=John |last2=Caresse |first2=Philippe |title=French Battleships of World War One |date=2017 |publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland |isbn=978-1-59114-639-1 |name-list-style=amp}}
• {{cite journal|last=Meirat|first=Jean|year=1978|title=French Battleships Vernigaud and Condorcet|journal=F. P. D. S. Newsletter|volume=VI|issue=1|pages=5–6 |oclc=41554533}}
• {{cite book|last=Silverstone|first=Paul H.|title=Directory of the World's Capital Ships|year=1984|publisher=Hippocrene Books|location=New York|isbn=978-0-88254-979-8}}

{{Commons category}}

• {{in lang|fr}} [http://le.fantasque.free.fr/php3/ship.php3?page_code=danton CUIRASSE Danton]

{{Danton class battleships}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Diderot}}

Category:Danton-class battleships

Category:Ships built in France

Category:1909 ships