French destroyer Typhon

The Bourrasque class had an overall length of {{convert|105.6|m|ftin|sp=us}}, a beam of {{convert|9.7|m|ftin|sp=us}}, and a draft of {{convert|3.5|m|ftin|sp=us}}. The ships displaced {{convert|1320|t|LT|sp=us|lk=on}} at (standard) load and {{convert|1825|t|LT|sp=us}} at deep load. They were powered by two geared steam turbines, each driving one propeller shaft, using steam provided by three du Temple boilers. The turbines were designed to produce {{convert|31000|PS|kW shp|lk=on|sp=us|0}}, which would propel the ship at {{convert|33|kn|lk=in}}. The ships carried enough fuel oil to give them a range of {{convert|3000|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|15|kn}}.Jordan & Moulin, p. 41

The main armament of the Bourrasque-class ships consisted of four Canon de 130 mm Modèle 1919 guns in shielded single mounts, one superfiring pair each fore and aft of the superstructure. Their anti-aircraft (AA) armament consisted of a single Canon de 75 mm Modèle 1924 gun. The ships carried two triple mounts of {{convert|550|mm|in|adj=on|sp=us|1}} torpedo tubes amidships. A pair of depth charge chutes were built into their stern that housed a total of sixteen {{convert|200|kg|sp=us|adj=on}} depth charges.

She was at Oran, French Algeria, as part of the 7th Destroyer Squadron of the Marine Nationale when the Allies invaded French North Africa in Operation Torch in November 1942. On 8 November 1942, Typhon engaged the British cutter HMS Hartland from very short distance, sinking her in the harbour in a matter of minutes, when the Allied vessel was in the process of landing American troops.{{Cite book|title=Torch: North Africa and the Allied Path to Victory|last=O'Hara|first=Vincent|publisher=Naval Institute Press|year=2015|isbn=978-1612519227|pages=122}}{{Cite book|title=Bloodstained Sands: U.S. Amphibious Operations in World War II|last=Walling|first=Michael G.|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|year=2017|isbn=978-1472814401|pages=102}} Later in the morning, Typhon and her sister ships Tramontane and Tornade steamed away in an attempt to attack Allied naval forces at Arzew Bay. The destroyer squadron was met with heavy fire by the British cruiser HMS Aurora. Typhon launched all her six torpedoes at the cruiser to no avail; her sisters were repeatedly hit by 6in shells. Tramontane was sunk and Tornade ran aground, while Typhoon returned to port with half her ammunition expended and without torpedoes, all of them launched at Aurora to no avail. Tramontane's survivors were also aboard. Typhon confronted the Allies once again on 9 November, this time with her sister Epervier. The destroyer attack was beaten off by the British cruisers Jamaica and Aurora; Epervier was hit and beached herself, while Typhon sailed back to Oran, where she was eventually scuttled by her own crew on 10 November 1942.{{Cite web|url=https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/6012.html|title=FR Typhon of the French Navy - French Destroyer of the Bourrasque class - Allied Warships of WWII - uboat.net|website=uboat.net|access-date=2019-07-11}}{{Cite book|title=French Destroyers: Torpilleurs d'Escadre and Contre-Torpilleurs,1922–1956|last1=Moulin|first1=Jean|last2=Jordan|first2=John|publisher=Seaforth Publishing|year=2015|isbn=978-1848323605|pages=245}}

{{Reflist|30em}}

• {{cite book|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946|editor1-last=Chesneau|editor1-first=Roger|publisher=Conway Maritime Press|location=Greenwich, UK|year=1980|isbn=0-85177-146-7}}
• {{cite book|last1=Jordan|first1=John|last2=Moulin|first2=Jean|title=French Destroyers: Torpilleurs d'Escadre & Contre-Torpilleurs 1922–1956|year=2015|publisher=Seaforth Publishing|location=Barnsley, UK|isbn=978-1-84832-198-4 |name-list-style=amp}}
• {{cite book|last=Rohwer|first=Jürgen|title=Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945: The Naval History of World War Two|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|year=2005|edition=Third Revised|isbn=1-59114-119-2|author-link=Jürgen Rohwer}}
• {{cite book|last=Whitley|first=M. J.|title=Destroyers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia|publisher=Naval Institute Press|year=1988|isbn=0-87021-326-1|location=Annapolis, Maryland|author-link=Michael J. Whitley}}

{{Bourrasque class destroyer}}

{{November 1942 shipwrecks}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Typhon}}

Category:Bourrasque-class destroyers

Category:World War II destroyers of France

Category:Ships built in France

Category:1925 ships

Category:Maritime incidents in November 1942

Category:Scuttled vessels