French submarine Laplace
{{other ships|French ship Laplace}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}
{{Use American English|date=November 2018}}
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{{Infobox ship image |Ship image= French submarine Laplace.gif |Ship caption=Laplace between 1922 and 1923 }} {{Infobox ship career |Hide header = |Ship country=France |Ship flag={{shipboxflag|France|naval}} |Ship name=Laplace |Ship namesake=Pierre-Simon Laplace |Ship completed=1921 |Ship builder=Arsenal de Rochefort |Ship laid down=1913 |Ship launched=12 August 1919 |Ship acquired= |Ship commissioned=1921 |Ship decommissioned= |Ship in service= |Ship out of service=July 1935 |Ship struck= |Ship reinstated= |Ship fate=Stricken and sold for scrap in 1935 |Ship refit= }} {{Infobox ship characteristics |Hide header= |Header caption= |Ship class= {{sclass|Lagrange|submarine}} |Ship displacement=* {{Convert|920|t|LT|0|lk=on}} (surfaced)
|Ship length= {{Convert|75.2|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |Ship beam= {{Convert|6.3|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |Ship height= |Ship draught= {{Convert|3.6|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |Ship depth= |Ship power= |Ship propulsion=* 2 × diesel engines, {{Convert|2600|hp|0|abbr=on}}
|Ship speed=* {{Convert|16.5|kn|km/h|lk=in}} (surfaced)
|Ship range=* {{convert|4300|nmi|lk=in|km}} at {{convert|10|kn|km/h}}
|Ship endurance= |Ship test depth={{Convert|50|m|abbr=on}} |Ship boats= |Ship complement=47 |Ship sensors= |Ship EW= |Ship armament=* 8 × {{Convert|450|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes
|Ship armour= |Ship notes= }} |
The French submarine Laplace (Q111) was a {{sclass|Lagrange|submarine}} built for the French Navy built between 1913 and 1919. It was laid down in the Arsenal de Rochefort shipyards and launched on 12 August 1919. Laplace was completed in 1921 and served in the French Marine Nationale until 1935.
Design
The Lagrange-class submarines were constructed as part of the French fleet's expansion programmes from 1913 to 1914.Couhat, p. 159Conway, p. 389. The ships were designed by Julien Hutter, slightly modifying his previous project {{sclass|Dupuy de Lôme|submarine|5}}, using two Parsons steam turbines with a power of {{Convert|2000|hp|0|lk=in|abbr=on}}. During construction, the idea of steam propulsion was abandoned and the ships were instead equipped with diesel engines.
Measuring {{Convert|75.2|m|ftin|abbr=on}} long, with a beam of {{Convert|6.3|m|ftin|abbr=on}} and a draught of {{Convert|3.6|m|ftin|abbr=on}},Couhat, p. 158 Lagrange-class submarines could dive up to {{Convert|50|m|abbr=on}}. The submarine had a surfaced displacement of {{Convert|920|t|LT|0|lk=on}} and a submerged displacement of {{Convert|1318|t|LT|0|lk=on}}. Propulsion while surfaced was provided by two {{Convert|2600|hp|0|abbr=on}} diesel motors built by the Swiss manufacturer Sulzer and two {{Convert|1640|hp|0|abbr=on}} electric motors.Gardiner, p. 212. The submarines' electrical propulsion allowed it to attain speeds of {{Convert|11|kn|lk=in}} while submerged and {{Convert|16.5|kn}} on the surface. Their surfaced range was {{convert|7700|nmi|km}} at {{convert|9|kn|km/h}}, and {{convert|4000|nmi|km}} at {{convert|12|kn|km/h}}, with a submerged range of {{convert|70|nmi|km}} at {{convert|5|kn|km/h}}.
The ships were equipped with eight 450 mm torpedo tubes (four in the bow, two stern and two external), with a total of ten torpedoes, and two on-board guns. The class was also armed with a 75 mm gun with 440 shells. The crew consisted of four officers and forty-three seamen.{{cite web|url=http://www.naval-history.net/WW1NavyFrench.htm|title=French Navy, World War 1|first=Gordon|last=Smith|website=www.naval-history.net}}
Service history
Laplace was built in the Arsenal de Rochefort.Gardiner, p. 212Jane, p. 198 It was laid down in 1913 and launched on 12 August 1919, and completed in 1921. It was named in honor of the French astronomer and mathematician Pierre-Simon Laplace. From 1922 to 1923, Laplace underwent a major refit in which it received a new conning tower, bridge and periscope.Fontenoy, p. 89 Laplace served in the Mediterranean Sea until 1935.
References
{{reflist}}
Bibliography
- {{cite book|last=Couhat|first=Jean Labayle|title=French Warships of World War I|year=1974|publisher=Ian Allan|location=London|isbn=0-7110-0445-5}}
- {{cite book|last=Fontenoy |first= Paul E.|title=Submarines: An Illustrated History of Their Impact|publisher= ABC-CLIO Publishing|date=2007|isbn=978-1-85109-563-6}}
- {{cite book|last1=Gardiner |first1=Robert|last2= Gray |first2= Randal |title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921|publisher=Conway Maritime Press|location=London|date=1985|isbn=978-0-85177-245-5}}
- {{cite book|last=Moore |first=John |title=Jane's Fighting Ships of World War I |location=London |year=1990}}
{{Lagrange-class submarine}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Laplace}}
Category:World War I submarines of France