Fu (kana)
{{More citations needed|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox kana
| Hiragana image = Japanese Hiragana kyokashotai HU.svg
| Katakana image = Japanese Katakana kyokashotai HU.svg
| Transliteration = fu, hu
| Transliteration Dakuten = bu
| Transliteration Handakuten = pu
| Hiragana Manyogana = 不
| Katakana Manyogana = 不
| Other Manyogana = 不 否 布 負 部 敷 経 歴
| Dakuten Manyogana = 夫 扶 府 文 柔 歩 部
| Braille = File:Japanese Fu Braille.svg
| Unicode = U+3075, U+30D5
| flag1 = 9
| footnote = This mora was historically pronounced as "pu".
|Spelling = 富士山のフ Fujisan no "fu"
}}
{{kana gojuon sidebar}}
{{lang|ja|ふ}}, in hiragana, or {{lang|ja|フ}} in katakana, is one of the Japanese kana, each of which represents one mora. The hiragana is made in four strokes, while the katakana in one. It represents the phoneme {{IPA|/hɯ/}}, although for phonological reasons (general scheme for /h/ group, whose only phonologic survivor to /f/ ([ɸ]) remaining is ふ: b←p←f→h), the actual pronunciation is {{IPA|ja|ɸɯᵝ||Ja-Fu.oga}}, which is why it is romanized fu in Hepburn romanization instead of hu as in Nihon-shiki and Kunrei-shiki rōmaji (Korean 후 /hu/ creates the same phonetic effect as lips are projected when pronouncing "u"). Written with a dakuten (ぶ, ブ), they both represent a "bu" sound, and written with handakuten (ぷ, プ) they both represent a "pu" sound.
The katakana フ is frequently combined with other vowels to represent sounds in foreign words. For example, the word "file" is written in Japanese as ファイル (fairu), with ファ representing a non-native sound, fa.
In certain Okinawan writing systems, ふ/フ can be written as ふぁ, ふぃ, ふぇ to make both fa, fi, and fe sounds as well as representing the sounds hwa, hwi, and hwe. In the Ryukyu University system, fa/hwa is written using the wa kana instead, ふゎ/フヮ.{{cite web|url=http://ryukyu-lang.lib.u-ryukyu.ac.jp/srnh/sign.html|title=首里・那覇方言のかな表記について|language=ja|work=Shuri-Naha Dialect Dictionary|publisher=University of the Ryukyus|date=n.d.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200211173523/http://ryukyu-lang.lib.u-ryukyu.ac.jp/srnh/sign.html|archive-date=2020-02-11|url-status=dead}} In the Ainu language the katakana with a handakuten プ can be written as a small ㇷ゚ to represent a final p sound. In the Sakhalin dialect, フ without a handakuten can be written as small ㇷ to represent a final h sound after an u sound (ウㇷ uh).
| class="wikitable"
!Forms !Example words (with kanji) |
| rowspan="2"|Normal f- (は行 ha-gyō) |fu |ふ |フ |rowspan="2"|
|
|---|
| fuu, fwu fū |ふう, ふぅ |フウ, フゥ |
| rowspan="2"|Addition dakuten b- (ば行 ba-gyō) |bu |ぶ |ブ |rowspan="2"|
|
| buu, bwu bū |ぶう, ぶぅ |ブウ, ブゥ |
| rowspan="2"|Addition handakuten p- (ぱ行 pa-gyō) |pu |ぷ |プ |rowspan="2"|
|
| puu, pwu pū |ぷう, ぷぅ |プウ, プゥ |
| class="wikitable"
! colspan="3" |Other additional forms |
| {|align="center" style="background: transparent" |
| +Form A (f-/fw-/fy-)
|fa, fwa |ふぁ, ふゎ |ファ, フヮ |ファール fāru foul |
| fi, ''fwi
|ふぃ |フィ |フィンランド finrando Finland |
| (fwu)
|(ふぅ) |(フゥ) |フリー furī Free |
| fe, fwe
|ふぇ |フェ |フェルト feruto felt |
| fo, fwo
|ふぉ |フォ |フォード fōdo Ford |
| fya
|ふゃ |フャ | |
| fyu
|ふゅ |フュ | |
| fye
|ふぃぇ |フィェ | |
| fyo
|ふょ |フョ | |
|
| align="center" style="background: transparent" |
| +Form B (bw-)
|bwa |ぶぁ, ぶゎ |ブァ, ブヮ |
| bwi
|ぶぃ |ブィ |
| (bwu)
|(ぶぅ) |(ブゥ) |
| bwe
|ぶぇ |ブェ |
| bwo
|ぶぉ |ブォ |
|
| align="center" style="background: transparent" |
| +Form C (pw-)
|pwa |ぷぁ, ぷゎ |プァ, プヮ |
| pwi
|ぷぃ |プィ |
| (pwu)
|(ぷぅ) |(プゥ) |
| pwe
|ぷぇ |プェ |
| pwo
|ぷぉ |プォ |
|}
Stroke order
Other communicative representations
{{Letter reps|lang=Japanese|radio={{lang|ja|富士山のフ}}|radio_trans=Fujisan no "Fu"|morse=--・・ |morse_sound=Z morse code.ogg|flag_img=ICS Zulu.svg|sign_img=FU-jsl-yubimoji.png|sem1=Japanese Semaphore Basic Stroke 9.svg|braille_img=Japanese Fu Braille.svg|braille=⠭}}
- Full Braille representation
| class="wikitable nowrap" style="text-align:center" | |||||||||||
| colspan=12| ふ / フ in Japanese Braille | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rowspan=2| ふ / フ fu | rowspan=2| ぶ / ブ bu | rowspan=2| ぷ / プ pu | rowspan=2| ふう / フー fū | rowspan=2| ぶう / ブー bū | rowspan=2| ぷう / プー pū | colspan=6| Other kana based on Braille ふ | |||||
| ひゅ / ヒゅ hyu | びゅ / ビュ byu | ぴゅ / ピュ pyu | ひゅう / ヒュー hyū | びゅう / ビュー byū | ぴゅう / ピュー pyū | ||||||
| {{Braille cell|type=kana|size=30px|ふ}} | {{Braille cell|type=kana|size=30px|5|ふ}} | {{Braille cell|type=kana|size=30px|6|ふ}} | {{Braille cell|type=kana|size=30px|ふ|25}} | {{Braille cell|type=kana|size=30px|5|ふ|25}} | {{Braille cell|type=kana|size=30px|6|ふ|25}} | {{Braille cell|type=kana|size=30px|4|ふ}} | {{Braille cell|type=kana|size=30px|45|ふ}} | {{Braille cell|type=kana|size=30px|46|ふ}} | {{Braille cell|type=kana|size=30px|4|ふ|25}} | {{Braille cell|type=kana|size=30px|45|ふ|25}} | {{Braille cell|type=kana|size=30px|46|ふ|25}} |
{{charmap
|3075|name1=Hiragana Letter Hu
|30D5|name2=Katakana Letter Hu
|FF8C|name3=Halfwidth Katakana Letter Hu
|31F7|name4=Katakana Letter Small Hu
|3076|name5=Hiragana Letter Bu
|map1=Shift JIS (plain){{cite web |url=https://www.unicode.org/Public/MAPPINGS/OBSOLETE/EASTASIA/JIS/SHIFTJIS.TXT |title=Shift-JIS to Unicode |author=Unicode Consortium |author-link=Unicode Consortium |date=2015-12-02 |orig-year=1994-03-08 |access-date=2020-06-28 |archive-date=2020-10-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201025220216/http://www.unicode.org/Public/MAPPINGS/OBSOLETE/EASTASIA/JIS/SHIFTJIS.TXT |url-status=live }}|map1char1=82 D3|map1char2=83 74|map1char3=CC|map1char5=82 D4
|map2=Shift JIS-2004{{cite web |url=http://x0213.org/codetable/sjis-0213-2004-std.txt |title=Shift_JIS-2004 (JIS X 0213:2004 Appendix 1) vs Unicode mapping table |date=2009-05-03 |author=Project X0213}}|map2char1=82 D3|map2char2=83 74|map2char3=CC|map2char4=83 F3|map2char5=82 D4
|map3=EUC-JP (plain){{cite web |url=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/unicode-org/icu/master/icu4c/source/data/mappings/euc-jp-2007.ucm |title=EUC-JP-2007 |author1=Unicode Consortium |author-link1=Unicode Consortium |author2=IBM |author-link2=IBM |work=International Components for Unicode |access-date=2020-06-28 |archive-date=2020-06-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200629185519/https://raw.githubusercontent.com/unicode-org/icu/master/icu4c/source/data/mappings/euc-jp-2007.ucm |url-status=live }}|map3char1=A4 D5|map3char2=A5 D5|map3char3=8E CC|map3char5=A4 D6
|map4=EUC-JIS-2004{{cite web |url=http://x0213.org/codetable/euc-jis-2004-std.txt |title=EUC-JIS-2004 (JIS X 0213:2004 Appendix 3) vs Unicode mapping table |date=2009-05-03 |author=Project X0213}}|map4char1=A4 D5|map4char2=A5 D5|map4char3=8E CC|map4char4=A6 F5|map4char5=A4 D6
|map5=GB 18030{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/GB18030-2005|title=GB 18030-2005: Information Technology—Chinese coded character set|last=Standardization Administration of China (SAC)|date=2005-11-18}}|map5char1=A4 D5|map5char2=A5 D5|map5char3=84 31 9A 30|map5char4=81 39 BD 31|map5char5=A4 D6
|map6=EUC-KR{{cite web |url=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/unicode-org/icu/master/icu4c/source/data/mappings/ibm-970_P110_P110-2006_U2.ucm |title=IBM-970 |author1=Unicode Consortium |author-link1=Unicode Consortium |author2=IBM |author-link2=IBM |work=International Components for Unicode |access-date=2020-06-28 |archive-date=2020-06-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200629144650/https://raw.githubusercontent.com/unicode-org/icu/master/icu4c/source/data/mappings/ibm-970_P110_P110-2006_U2.ucm |url-status=live }} / UHC{{cite web |url=https://www.unicode.org/Public/MAPPINGS/VENDORS/MICSFT/WINDOWS/CP949.TXT |title=cp949 to Unicode table |last=Steele |first=Shawn |publisher=Microsoft / Unicode Consortium |date=2000 |access-date=2020-06-28 |archive-date=2020-06-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200615172622/http://www.unicode.org/Public/MAPPINGS/VENDORS/MICSFT/WINDOWS/CP949.TXT |url-status=live }}|map6char1=AA D5|map6char2=AB D5|map6char5=AA D6
|map7=Big5 (non-ETEN kana){{cite web |url=https://www.unicode.org/Public/MAPPINGS/OBSOLETE/EASTASIA/OTHER/BIG5.TXT |title=BIG5 to Unicode table (complete) |author=Unicode Consortium |author-link=Unicode Consortium |date=2015-12-02 |orig-year=1994-02-11 |access-date=2020-06-28 |archive-date=2023-06-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230627235404/https://unicode.org/Public/MAPPINGS/OBSOLETE/EASTASIA/OTHER/BIG5.TXT |url-status=live }}|map7char1=C6 D9|map7char2=C7 6D|map7char5=C6 DA
|map8=Big5 (ETEN / HKSCS){{cite web |url=https://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/big5.html |title=big5 |work=Encoding Standard |publisher=WHATWG |last=van Kesteren |first=Anne |author-link=Anne van Kesteren |access-date=2020-06-28 |archive-date=2020-05-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504184159/https://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/big5.html |url-status=live }}|map8char1=C7 5C|map8char2=C7 D1|map8char5=C7 5D
}}
{{charmap
|30D6|name1=Katakana Letter Bu
|3077|name2=Hiragana Letter Pu
|30D7|name3=Katakana Letter Pu
|32EB|name5=Circled Katakana Hu
|map1=Shift JIS (plain)|map1char1=83 75|map1char2=82 D5|map1char3=83 76
|map2=Shift JIS-2004|map2char1=83 75|map2char2=82 D5|map2char3=83 76|map2char4=83 F6
|map3=EUC-JP (plain)|map3char1=A5 D6|map3char2=A4 D7|map3char3=A5 D7
|map4=EUC-JIS-2004|map4char1=A5 D6|map4char2=A4 D7|map4char3=A5 D7|map4char4=A6 F8
|map5=GB 18030|map5char1=A5 D6|map5char2=A4 D7|map5char3=A5 D7
|map6=EUC-KR / UHC|map6char1=AB D6|map6char2=AA D7|map6char3=AB D7
|map7=Big5 (non-ETEN kana)|map7char1=C7 6E|map7char2=C6 DB|map7char3=C7 6F
|map8=Big5 (ETEN / HKSCS)|map8char1=C7 D2|map8char2=C7 5E|map8char3=C7 D3
}}
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Wiktionary|ふ|ぶ|ぷ}}
{{Wiktionary|フ|ブ|プ}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fu (Kana)}}