Fusconaia cuneolus

{{Short description|Species of bivalve}}

{{Speciesbox

| image = Naturalis Biodiversity Center - ZMA.MOLL.419143 - Fusconaia cuneolus (Lea, 1840) - Unionidae - Mollusc shell.jpeg

| status = EN

| status_system = IUCN3.1

| status_ref = {{cite iucn |author=Cummings, K. |author2=Cordeiro, J. |date=2012 |title=Fusconaia cuneolus |volume=2012 |page=e.T8773A3146130 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012-1.RLTS.T8773A3146130.en |access-date=16 November 2021}}

| status2 = CITES_A1

| status2_system = CITES

| status2_ref = {{Cite web|title=Appendices {{!}} CITES|url=https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php|access-date=2022-01-14|website=cites.org}}

| genus = Fusconaia

| species = cuneolus

| authority = (Lea, 1840)

| synonyms = *Unio cuneolus Lea, 1840

• Unio appressus Lea, 1871
• Unio tuscumbiensis Lea, 1871
• Unio flavidus Lea, 1872

| synonyms_ref={{ITIS|taxon=Fusconaia cuneolus (Lea, 1840)|id=80045|access-date=22 April 2023}}

}}

Fusconaia cuneolus, the fine-rayed pigtoe pearly mussel or fine-rayed pigtoe, is a species of bivalve in the family Unionidae. It is native to Tennessee, Alabama, and Virginia in the United States, in each of which its population has declined severely. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.{{cite web|url=https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/3038|title=Finerayed pigtoe (Fusconaia cuneolus)|website=Environmental Conservation Online System|publisher=U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service|access-date=22 April 2023}}{{Federal Register|41|24062}}{{rp|24064}}

Like other freshwater mussels, this species reproduces by releasing its larvae, or glochidia, into the water where they make their way into the bodies of fish. There they develop into juvenile mussels. Fish hosts for this mussel include fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas); river chub (Nocomis micropogon); stoneroller (Campostoma anomalum); telescope shiner (Notropis telescopus); Tennessee shiner (Notropis leuciodus); white shiner (Luxilus albeolus); whitetail shiner (Cyprinella galactura); and the mottled sculpin (Cottus bairdi).{{cite web|url=https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.118288/Fusconaia_cuneolus|title=Fusconaia cuneolus|website=NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data accessed through NatureServe Explorer|publisher=NatureServe|location=Arlington, Virginia|author=NatureServe|access-date=22 April 2023|date=7 April 2023}}

There is only one large population which is located in the Clinch River.

This species appears to be most closely related to Fusconaia cor.{{cite journal |last1=Campbell |first1=David |last2=Lydeard |first2=Charles |date=2012 |title=Molecular Systematics of Fusconaia (Bivalvia: Unionidae: Ambleminae) |journal= American Malacological Bulletin |volume=30 |issue=1 |pages=1–17|doi=10.4003/006.030.0101|s2cid=84552044 }}