Fuzz Face

Arbiter Electronics Ltd. first issued the Fuzz Face in 1966. Later units bear the "Dallas Arbiter", "Dallas Music Industries Ltd.", "CBS/Arbiter Ltd." or "Dunlop Manufacturing Inc." name.

The earliest units used germanium transistors. Silicon transistors were used in later editions of the pedal. Silicon transistors provided for a more stable operation, but have a different, harsher sound.

The electronics are contained in a circular-shaped metal housing. Ivor Arbiter "got the idea for the round shape when he one day saw a microphone stand with a cast iron base".{{Cite web|url=http://www.custom-sounds.com/epages/Gagar.sf/en_US/?ObjectPath=/Shops/CustomSounds/Categories/articles/fuzz|title=FUZZ FACE by David Morin - Custom Sounds|date=8 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708213826/http://www.custom-sounds.com/epages/Gagar.sf/en_US/?ObjectPath=/Shops/CustomSounds/Categories/articles/fuzz |access-date=5 November 2023|archive-date=2011-07-08 }} The design was originally intended to be used as a microphone base for guitarists who sang.{{Citation needed|date=November 2016}} The pedal uses two knobs, one for volume, and one for the amount of distortion the pedal produces. The arrangement of controls and logo on the box suggests a face.

The circuit is based on the shunt-series-feedback amplifier topology - a standard in engineering textbooks. Sola Sound and Vox had been using the same circuit topology for their Tone Bender pedals earlier in 1966.{{Cite web|url=https://stompboxes.co.uk/History.html|title=A Little History|website=Stompboxes.co.uk|access-date=5 November 2023}} The Fuzz Face is particularly similar to the Sola Sound unit known today as the "Mk1.5" Tone Bender. The main difference is that the Fuzz Face is biased slightly colder, making it more usable in warm environments.{{clarify|date=May 2019}} The original instructions even described the Fuzz Face as a "Tone-Bending" unit.{{Cite web|url=https://fuzzboxes.org/fuzzface|title=Arbiter Fuzz Face • Fuzzboxes|first=Nick|last=Sternberg|website=Fuzzboxes.org|date=12 May 2021|access-date=5 November 2023}}

Dallas Music Industries made a final batch of Fuzz Face units in 1976 or 1977, shortly after moving to the United States. The company bought Crest Audio in the 1980s and although it was operating under that name when it reissued the Fuzz Face in 1986, the units still bore the Dallas-Arbiter name. They made about 2000 Fuzz Faces until 1990.{{Cite web|url=http://www.foxroxelectronics.com/FuzzFace%20reissue.html|title=Untitled Document|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091001002112/http://www.foxroxelectronics.com/FuzzFace%20reissue.html |access-date=5 November 2023|archive-date=2009-10-01 }}{{Cite web|url=http://www.foxroxelectronics.com/scrap.htm|title=Scrapbook|date=26 November 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091126184419/http://www.foxroxelectronics.com/scrap.htm |access-date=5 November 2023|archive-date=2009-11-26 }} In 1993 Dunlop Manufacturing took over production, making a variety of Fuzz Face units until this day. Several germanium and silicon models are available. In 2013, smaller versions with status LEDs and AC power jacks were introduced.{{Cite web|url=https://www.musicradar.com/news/guitars/namm-2013-dunlop-launches-fuzz-face-mini-and-mxr-talk-box-570146|title=NAMM 2013: Dunlop launches Fuzz Face Mini and MXR Talk Box|date=25 January 2013|website=Musicradar.com|access-date=5 November 2023}}

In the late 1990s, Arbiter reissued the pedal.[http://www.vintageguitar.com/features/gear/details.asp?AID=2304] {{Dead link|date=December 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

File:Fuzzfacewiki2.jpg

The circuit uses only a small number of components, plus a battery. Its sound is mostly dependent on the selection of transistors (type, h_fe and leakage in case of germanium transistors). As germanium transistors are sensitive to temperature, the amount of leakage is variable. Thus the bias voltages will shift up and down, so the sound produced by a germanium Fuzz Face may change as the equipment heats up or cools down. Also, the battery is part of the circuit. Variances in voltage and internal resistance can make an audible difference.

According to Jimi Hendrix’s guitar tech Roger Mayer, Jimi would buy half a dozen Fuzz Faces and mark the one he liked best only to find out that he didn't like it in a different environment.{{Cite web |url=http://www.premierguitar.com/Magazine/Issue/2010/Aug/Roger_Mayer_Talks_Fuzz.aspx |title=Roger Mayer Talks Fuzz - Premier Guitar |access-date=2012-08-09 |archive-date=2012-07-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120714013712/http://www.premierguitar.com/Magazine/Issue/2010/Aug/Roger_Mayer_Talks_Fuzz.aspx |url-status=dead }}

Despite popular belief that Arbiter used randomly selected pairs of transistors, Dennis Cornell, one of the engineers who worked for Arbiter in the 1960s,{{Cite web|url=https://www.vintageguitar.com/3050/arbiter-fuzz-face-reissue/|title=Arbiter Fuzz Face Reissue |website=Vintageguitar.com|first=Gary|last=Nelson|date=26 March 2002|access-date=5 November 2023}} described in a 2016 Guitarist magazine article how he auditioned them for their sonic properties.{{cite magazine |last=Brakes|first=Rod|date=Nov 2016|title=Smiling Through |magazine=Guitarist|location=Bath, England|publisher=Future Publishing Limited}}

Early units used AC128 or NKT275 germanium transistors.{{Cite web|url=https://www.fuzzfaced.net/dallas-fuzz-face.html|title=Fuzz Face History, Models and Reissues|website=fuzzfaced.net|access-date=2023-11-19}} Later on, BC183L, BC183KA, BC130C, BC108C, BC209C and BC239C silicon transistors were used. The American made versions used BC109C transistors.{{Cite web|url=https://www.analogman.com/fuzzface.htm|title=Analog Man Sun Face and Fuzz Face Page|website=Analogman.com|access-date=5 November 2023}} Arbiter reissues used AC128s. Hendrix also switched to the silicon transistors, but they created additional difficulties on stage, since they are much more susceptible to receiving AM radio signals, which were then audible through the guitar amplifier.{{cite news|last=Dregni|first=Michael|title=The Arbiter Fuzz Face|newspaper=Vintage Guitar|pages=62–64|date=August 2012}}

{{Listen

|filename=Fuzz face clone into tube distortion (humbucker).oga

|title=Silicon Fuzz Face into distortion

|description=A guitar riff played on the brige humbucker (full volume) with a Fuzz Face clone into tube distortion.

|filename2=Fuzz face clone into tube distortion (humbucker - volume rolled off then at max).oga

|title2=Silicon Fuzz Face into distortion (volume dynamics)

|description2=Sound example of a Fuzz Face clone played into a tube distortion (humbucker - volume at 4, then increased to the maximum then decreased again).

|filename3=Fuzz face clone into tube distortion (volume rolled off then max - neck pickup).ogg

|title3=Silicon Fuzz Face into distortion, neck pickup (single coil)

|description3=Fuzz Face clone into tube distortion, volume rolled off then increased to the maximum, neck pickup.

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The Fuzz Face's continuing popularity and status as a classic may be explained by its many famous users, which include Jimi Hendrix,{{Cite web |url=http://www.jimdunlop.com/index.php?page=products/pip&id=350 |title=Dunlop - JIMI HENDRIX™ FUZZ FACE™ |access-date=2010-04-23 |archive-date=2010-01-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100114120144/http://jimdunlop.com/index.php?page=products/pip&id=350 |url-status=dead }} David Gilmour,{{Cite web |url=http://www.gilmourish.com/?page_id=73 |title=Gilmourish » Dallas Arbiter Fuzz Face |access-date=2010-04-23 |archive-date=2010-06-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100608125910/http://www.gilmourish.com/?page_id=73 |url-status=dead }} Duane Allman,{{Cite web|url=https://www.uberproaudio.com/who-plays-what/392-duane-allman-guitar-gear-rig|title=Duane Allman Guitar Gear Rig|website=Uberproaudio.com|access-date=5 November 2023}} Stevie Ray VaughanHopkins, Craig. Stevie Ray Vaughan – Day by Day, Night After Night: His Early Years, 1954–1982. Backbeat Books; September 15, 2010. p. 327. {{ISBN|978-1-4234-8598-8}} Pete Townshend,{{Cite web|url=https://www.thewho.net/whotabs/gear/guitar/fuzzface.html|title=Dallas Arbiter Fuzz Face fuzz box | Pete Townshend's Guitar Gear | Whotabs|website=Thewho.net|access-date=5 November 2023}} Eric Johnson,{{cite web |url=http://www.modernguitars.com/archives/001025.html |title=Eric Johnson Interview |access-date=2007-10-23 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071022233005/http://modernguitars.com/archives/001025.html |archive-date=2007-10-22 }} Modern Guitars - Eric Johnson Interview George Harrison."Get Back" by the Beatles; Apple, London, 1969"Beatles Gear" by Andy Babiuk and Tony Bacon; Backbeat, 2002 and Kevin Parker{{Cite web|url=https://mixdownmag.com.au/features/columns/gear-rundown-kevin-parker/|title=Gear Rundown: Kevin Parker|date=4 April 2016|website=Mixdownmag.com.au|access-date=5 November 2023}}

The Fuzz Face has a low input impedance and thus is very sensitive to the guitar pickup.{{Cite web|url=https://www.electrosmash.com/fuzz-face|title=ElectroSmash - Fuzz Face Analysis|website=Electrosmash.com|access-date=2019-02-09}} By rolling the volume knob, the guitar player can decrease the gain of the pedal and get a clean or crunch sound, while still having all the gain when the volume knob is on maximum.{{clarify|date=May 2019}} For the same reason, Fuzz Face pedals react differently when placed directly after the guitar than when after other pedals or after a buffer amplifier.

While some claim Wah-wah pedals are known to be troublesome with Fuzz Faces,{{Cite web|url=http://screaminfx.com/tech/wah-before-or-after-fuzz-pedal.htm|title=Wah Before or After Fuzz Pedal|website=Screaminfx.com|access-date=2019-02-09}} artists such as Hendrix were known to use them together to spectacular effect. His signal flow for live performance involved first plugging his guitar into a wah-wah pedal, then connecting the wah-wah pedal to a Fuzz Face, which was then linked to a Uni-Vibe, before connecting to a Marshall amplifier.{{cite book|last1=Shapiro|first1=Harry|last2=Glebbeek|first2=Caesar|title=Jimi Hendrix: Electric Gypsy|year=1995|orig-year=1990|edition=New and Improved|publisher=St. Martin's Press|isbn=978-0-312-13062-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JB1W2dn31rwC }} p. 689.

• List of distortion pedals

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{{Reflist}}

{{wikiquote}}

• [http://geofex.com/Article_Folders/fuzzface/fffram.htm R.G. Keen: The Technology of the Fuzz Face]
• [http://fuzzcentral.ssguitar.com/fuzzface.php Fuzz Central: Arbiter Fuzz Face; Schematics]

Category:Effects units

Category:Products introduced in 1966