G. F. Gorringe

George Frederick Gorringe was the second son of Hugh and Louisa Gorringe of Kingston-by-Sea, and was born on 10 February 1868.{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/A2A/records.aspx?cat=182-ams39&cid=-1&Gsm=2008-06-18#-1|title=Additional Manuscripts, catalogue 39|access-date=12 March 2016}}

He was educated at Lee's School Brighton, and Wellington College. In 1886, he passed into the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, and obtained his commission in the Royal Engineers on 17 February 1888.{{London Gazette|issue=25790|page=1225|date=24 February 1888}}

File:Major-General Sir George Gorringe.png

Gorringe initially served at Chatham and Aldershot, and was promoted to lieutenant on 17 February 1891. He was attached to the Egyptian Army in 1892-1899 and served with the Dongola Expedition of 1896 and with the Nile Expeditions of 1897–1899. He was promoted to captain on 17 February 1899, and brevet major the following day. In late November 1899 he commanded a battalion of irregular Sudanese troops during the operations leading to the defeat of the Khalifa (mentioned in despatches 25 November 1899{{London Gazette| issue=27159 |pages=597–600 |date=30 January 1900}}), and for his services in the Sudan he received the brevet rank of lieutenant colonel on 14 March 1900.{{London Gazette|issue=27173| page=1710|date=13 March 1900}} He then served in the South African War of 1899–1901, and was in November 1900 appointed a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) for his services.{{London Gazette |issue=27306 |date=19 April 1901 |page=2698}}

Gorringe again served in the Egyptian Army in the Sudan 1902–1904. He had been promoted to brevet colonel in February 1904.{{London Gazette|issue=27735|page=7369|date=15 November 1904}} In June 1906, now back in Britain, he was sent to the War Office in London to take over from Brigadier General Henry Merrick Lawson the position of director of movements and quartering and receiving a promotion to substantive colonel.{{London Gazette|issue=27928|page=4556|date=3 July 1906}} He was also promoted to temporary brigadier general on the same date.{{London Gazette|issue=27932|page=4888|date=17 July 1906}} In April 1909 he relinquished this assignment and took command of the 18th Infantry Brigade.{{London Gazette|issue=28241|page=2920|date=13 April 1909}}

In September 1911 he was promoted to major general{{London Gazette|issue=28542|page=7532|date=17 October 1911}} making him, at 43, possibly the youngest of his rank in the British Army at the time.{{Citation needed|date=April 2025}} In June 1912 he was created a Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) in the 1912 Birthday Honours.{{London Gazette|issue=28617|page=4298|date=11 June 1912|supp=y}}

Knighted in 1915, his distinguished service during the First World War included command of the 3rd Indian Army Corps during operations up the Tigris in March to July 1916, and of the 47th (1/2nd London) Division in France in September 1916 to March 1919.

In his despatch, to the Chief of the General Staff at British Indian Army Headquarters in Simla, on the operations in Mesopotamia from 19 January to 30 April 1916, Lt-Genl Sir Percy Lake, KCB reported the following:

"Major-General (temporary Lieut.-General) Sir G. F. Gorringe has rendered valuable service to the State. As Chief of the Staff to the Tigris Column from 28 January, and in command of the Column from 12 March onwards, he has shown untiring energy, ability and devotion in dealing with the many difficult situations which he had to face. He is a Commander of proved ability in the field."{{London Gazette|issue=29782|page=9857|date=10 October 1916}}

After the war, he commanded the 10th Division in Egypt from 1919 to 1921, rising to the substantive rank of lieutenant general in August 1921.{{London Gazette|issue=32439|page=6830|date=29 August 1921|supp=y}} He served as GOC of a division of the Territorial Force (TF) in December 1921{{London Gazette|issue=32587|page=699|date=24 January 1922|supp=y}} before he retired from the army in 1924.

Gorringe acted as colonel commandant of the Royal Engineers from 1927 to 1938.

On 2 March 1901, Gorringe, as a lieutenant-colonel, formed a military court on the farm Riet Valley, near Middelburg, Cape Colony to try, in absentia, Hendrik Jacobus van Heerden. The president of the court was Captain CE Wilson of the East Lancashire Regiment. Van Heerden was executed by firing squad shortly after the court had reached its decision.{{cite book|last =Jooste|first = Graham|author2=Roger Webster|title = Innocent blood: executions during the Anglo-Boer War |publisher = New Africa Books (Pty) Ltd (South Africa) |year = 2002|location = South Africa|pages = 238|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=blgjhkGD0vgC|isbn = 0-86486-532-5 }}

Following the execution, Gorringe made the following statement:

"After the above Court had been held and the column I command were on the march towards Pearston I received by rider Lt Kirby's report. He was so badly wounded he could not attend. This report strictly confirmed Van Heerden's guilt and treachery and I caused it necessary to make a summary example on the spot. I could not wait for confirmation from higher authority as it was imperative that the enemy, then on the march to Pearston should be followed up without delay. I therefore confirmed the sentence which I ordered to be carried out without delay. I detached a squadron for that purpose."

His nickname, Bloody Orange is rhyming slang. It was said to be appropriate for the commander of a division of London Territorials and also fitted his rude and unpleasant personality.{{cite web|url=http://www.firstworldwar.bham.ac.uk/nicknames/gorringe.htm|title=Centre for War Studies|access-date=12 March 2016|archive-date=16 March 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090316045824/http://www.firstworldwar.bham.ac.uk/nicknames/gorringe.htm|url-status=dead}}

He lived and farmed at Kingston by Sea until his death on 24 October 1945. He was buried in the family plot in the north-west corner of St Julian's churchyard.{{cite web|url=http://www.worthingherald.co.uk/CustomPages/CustomPage.aspx?SectionID=4725|title=Worthing Herald|access-date=12 March 2016}}{{dead link|date=October 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} St Julian's is now part of Shoreham-by-Sea.{{cite web|url=http://www.glaucus.org.uk/Shoreham.html|title=Shoreham-by-Sea|access-date=12 March 2016}}

Siege of Kut

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• {{cite book|first1=Frank|last1=Davies|first2=Graham|last2=Maddocks|title=Bloody Red Tabs: General Officer Casualties of the Great War 1914–1918|location=Barnsley, South Yorkshire|publisher=Pen and Sword Books|year=2014|orig-year=1995|isbn=978-1-78346-237-7}}

{{external media|align = |width = |image1 = [http://www.worthingherald.co.uk/CustomPages/CustomPage.aspx?SectionID=4725 Photograph of Lt Genl Sir George Gorringe]}}

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Category:Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath

Category:1868 births

Category:1945 deaths

Category:Burials in West Sussex

Category:British Army lieutenant generals

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Category:People from Adur District

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Category:British Army personnel of the Mahdist War

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Category:British Army generals of World War I

Category:Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George