GOES 1
{{Short description|NOAA weather satellite}}
{{Use American English|date=September 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2020}}
{{Infobox spaceflight
| name = GOES-1
| image = GOES-A encapsulation.jpg
| image_caption = GOES-1 is prepared for launch
atop its Delta 2914 rocket.
| mission_type = Weather satellite
| COSPAR_ID = 1975-100A
| SATCAT = 08366
| website =
| mission_duration ={{time interval|October 16, 1975, 22:40:00|March 7, 1985}}
| spacecraft_type = SMS
| spacecraft_bus =
| manufacturer = Ford Aerospace
| launch_mass = 631 kg
| dimensions = 190.5 cm (diameter) and 230 cm (length)
| power =
| launch_date = 16 October 1975, 22:40:00 UTC
| launch_rocket = Delta 2914
| launch_site = Cape Canaveral, LC-17B
| launch_contractor = McDonnell Douglas
| entered_service = 25 October 1975 (first image)
| disposal_type = Decommissioned
| deactivated = 7 March 1985
| orbit_reference = Geocentric orbit
| orbit_regime = Geostationary orbit
| orbit_longitude =
| orbit_slot = Indian Ocean
| apsis = gee
}}
GOES-1, designated GOES-A and SMS-C prior to entering service, was a weather satellite, developed by the NASA, operated by the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). It was the first Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) to be launched.{{cite web|url=https://www.nesdis.noaa.gov/content/40-years-goes-anniversary-goes-1|title=40 Years of GOES: The Anniversary of GOES-1 {{!}} NOAA NESDIS|website=www.nesdis.noaa.gov|access-date=2017-04-16}} {{PD-notice}}
Launch
GOES-A was launched atop a Delta 2914 from LC-17B at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. The launch occurred at 22:40:00 UTC on 16 October 1975, and left the satellite in a geostationary transfer orbit. Following launch, it raised itself to a geostationary orbit by means of its onboard SVM-5 apogee motor, at which time it was redesignated GOES-1.
Operations
Image:First image from GOES Spac0041.jpg
It was positioned over the Indian Ocean to gather data for the Global Atmospheric Research Program (GARP). GOES-1 was equipped with a Visible Infrared Spin-Scan Radiometer (VISSR),{{cite web |url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730019102.pdf|title=Visible Infrared Spin-Scan Radiometer|last=Phenix|first=James E.|website=ntrs.nasa.gov|date=1973}} {{PD-notice}} which provided day and night imagery of terrestrial cloud conditions. It returned its first image on 25 October 1975, nine days after launch. The satellite continuously monitored weather events and relayed this meteorological data from over 10,000 surface locations into a central processing center. The data was then incorporated into weather prediction models. It also carried a Space Environment Monitor (SEM) and a Data Collection System (DCS), derived from those used on TIROS satellites.
GOES-1 was replaced by GOES-3, which was launched in 1978. After finishing operations over the Indian Ocean, it was moved to replace SMS-2 over the Pacific Ocean.{{cite web |title=GOES-1 |url=http://goes.gsfc.nasa.gov/text/history/goes/goes1.html |website=The GOES Program |publisher=NASA |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728095847/http://goes.gsfc.nasa.gov/text/history/goes/goes1.html |archive-date=28 July 2011 |url-status=dead}} It remained operational there until 3 February 1985{{cite web|url=http://docs.lib.noaa.gov:80/noaa_documents/NESDIS/History_NOAA_Satellite_Programs.pdf|title=History of the NOAA Satellite Program |last=Davis|first=Gary|website=docs.lib.noaa.gov|date=October 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141023191553/http://docs.lib.noaa.gov:80/noaa_documents/NESDIS/History_NOAA_Satellite_Programs.pdf |archive-date=23 October 2014 }} {{PD-notice}} and it was deactivated by NASA on 7 March 1985.
See also
{{Portal|Spaceflight}}
- Synchronous Meteorological Satellite (SMS-A, SMS-B)
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{Commons category multi| GOES A | GOES 1}}
- NASA's National Science Space Center (NSSDC) satellite ID: [https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1975-100A 1975-100A]
{{GOES}}
{{Orbital launches in 1975}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:GOES-1}}