GOES 14

{{short description|NOAA weather satellite}}

{{Infobox spaceflight

| name = GOES-14

| image = GOES-O before oxidizer and hydrazine loading.jpg

| image_caption = GOES-14 during pre-launch processing

| mission_type = Weather satellite

| operator = NOAA{{\}}NASA

| website =

| COSPAR_ID = 2009-033A

| SATCAT = 35491

| mission_duration = Elasped: {{time interval|June 27, 2009 22:51}}

| spacecraft_type = GOES-N series

| spacecraft_bus = BSS-601

| manufacturer = Boeing, ITT Corporation

| dry_mass =

| launch_mass = {{convert|3133|kg}}

| power = 2.3 kilowatts from solar array

| launch_date = {{start-date|27 June 2009, 22:51|timezone=yes}} UTC

| launch_rocket = Delta IV-M+(4,2)

| launch_site = Cape Canaveral SLC-37B

| launch_contractor = United Launch Alliance

| entered_service =

| disposal_type =

| deactivated =

| orbit_epoch =

| orbit_reference = Geocentric

| orbit_regime = Geostationary

| orbit_periapsis = {{convert|35773|km|mi}}

| orbit_apoapsis = {{convert|35800|km|mi}}

| orbit_eccentricity = 0.0003154

| orbit_inclination = 0.2184°

| orbit_period = 1,437 minutes

| orbit_longitude = 105° West{{cite web|url=http://www.ssd.noaa.gov/PS/SATS/MESS/MSG1422048.01.txt|title=Product Outage/Anomaly: GOES-13 (GOES-East) Data Outage|publisher=NOAA|access-date=23 May 2013}}

| orbit_slot =

| apsis = gee

}}

GOES-14, known as GOES-O prior to reaching its operational orbit, is an American weather satellite, which is part of the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)'s Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) system. The spacecraft was built by Boeing and is based on the BSS-601 bus. It is the second of three GOES satellites to use the BSS-601 bus, after GOES-13, which was launched in May 2006.

It was launched by United Launch Alliance aboard a Delta IV-M+(4,2) rocket at 22:51 UTC on 27 June 2009, from Space Launch Complex 37B at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. Upon reaching geostationary orbit, on 7 July, it was redesignated GOES-14. It underwent a 6-month series of post-launch tests{{Cite web| url=http://rammb.cira.colostate.edu/projects/goes-o/| title=GOES-14 NOAA/Science Post Launch Test (PLT)| first=Don| last=Hillger| date=27 July 2009| publisher=Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere| work=NOAA | access-date=6 August 2009}} before completing its "check-out" phase and then was placed into "orbital storage mode" or stand-by.{{Cite news| url=http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2009/20090626_goes14.html| title=New NOAA Satellite Reaches Orbit| publisher=NOAA| date=27 June 2009| access-date=6 August 2009}}{{cite web|url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091130160707.htm |title=GOES-14 (O) Moving Into on-Orbit Storage Around Earth|publisher=Science Daily|access-date=February 7, 2010}} Its first full disk image was sent on 27 July 2009.{{Cite web| url=https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10472| title=GOES-14 first full disk image| date=28 July 2009| publisher=NOAA| access-date=2 January 2023}}.

GOES-14 was brought out of storage and began one-minute rapid scans of Tropical Storm Isaac on 24 August 2012. On 24 September 2012, it temporarily assumed the role of GOES-East after GOES-13 experienced technical difficulties.{{cite web|title=GOES-14 Replaces GOES-13 as the GOES East Satellite|url=http://www.nnvl.noaa.gov/MediaDetail2.php?MediaID=1195&MediaTypeID=1|publisher=NOAA|access-date=25 September 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121001003752/http://www.nnvl.noaa.gov/MediaDetail2.php?MediaID=1195&MediaTypeID=1|archive-date=1 October 2012|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}} On 1 October 2012, it began moving East at a rate of 0.9° per day to an ultimate geosynchronous position of 75° West longitude to better cover the Atlantic basin during troubleshooting and repair of GOES-13.{{cite web|url=http://earthsky.org/earth/goes-14-satellite-drifts-eastward-to-replace-malfunctioning-goes-13|title=GOES-14 satellite drifts eastward to replace malfunctioning GOES-13 - EarthSky.org|website=earthsky.org|date=3 October 2012 }} GOES-13 was returned to service on 18 October 2012.

GOES-14 was used to monitor Hurricane Sandy in parallel with the repaired GOES-13{{cite web|url=http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/goes/blog/archives/11686|title=Hurricane Sandy Life Cycle from GOES-13 and GOES-14 « CIMSS Satellite Blog|website=cimss.ssec.wisc.edu|date=30 October 2012 }} and was returned to storage again on February 13, 2013.{{cite web |title=GOES-14 Operational Status |url=https://www.ospo.noaa.gov/Operations/GOES/14/index.html |website=ospo.nasa.gov |access-date=8 May 2019 |archive-date=8 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508192712/https://www.ospo.noaa.gov/Operations/GOES/14/index.html |url-status=dead }} GOES-14 was again reactivated on 23 May 2013 when a tiny meteorite struck GOES-13 and tilted it out of alignment. GOES-14 operated from its storage location for about 3 weeks while operators got GOES-13 back online.{{cite news |last1=Leone |first1=Dan |title=Launch of GOES-R Satellite Delayed Six Months |url=https://spacenews.com/launch-of-goes-r-satellite-delayed-six-months/ |access-date=8 May 2019 |date=19 October 2015}}

GOES-14 was to be powered off and placed into storage on 29 February 2020. It can be called back into service if needed.{{cite web |title=NOAA Readies GOES-15 and GOES-14 for Orbital Storage |url=https://www.nesdis.noaa.gov/content/noaa-readies-goes-15-and-goes-14-orbital-storage |website=www.nesdis.noaa.gov |access-date=19 August 2020}}