GPR133

{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}}

{{Infobox_gene}}

Probable G-protein coupled receptor 133 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPR133 gene.{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GPR133 G protein-coupled receptor 133| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/283383}}{{cite journal | vauthors = Fredriksson R, Lagerström MC, Höglund PJ, Schiöth HB | title = Novel human G protein-coupled receptors with long N-terminals containing GPS domains and Ser/Thr-rich regions | journal = FEBS Letters | volume = 531 | issue = 3 | pages = 407–414 | date = November 2002 | pmid = 12435584 | doi = 10.1016/S0014-5793(02)03574-3 | s2cid = 7449692 | doi-access = free }}

This gene encodes a member of the adhesion-GPCR family of receptors. Family members are characterized by an extended extracellular region with a variable number of protein domains coupled to a TM7 domain via a domain known as the GPCR-Autoproteolysis INducing (GAIN) domain.{{cite book |vauthors=Stacey M, Yona S | title = AdhesionGPCRs: Structure to Function (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology) | publisher = Springer | location = Berlin | year = 2011 | isbn = 978-1-4419-7912-4 }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Araç D, Boucard AA, Bolliger MF, Nguyen J, Soltis SM, Südhof TC, Brunger AT | title = A novel evolutionarily conserved domain of cell-adhesion GPCRs mediates autoproteolysis | journal = The EMBO Journal | volume = 31 | issue = 6 | pages = 1364–1378 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22333914 | pmc = 3321182 | doi = 10.1038/emboj.2012.26 }}

GPR133 binds androgens, specifically the androgen 5α-dihydrotestosterone (5α-DHT).{{cite journal | vauthors = Yang Z, Ping YQ, Wang MW, Zhang C, Zhou SH, Xi YT, Zhu KK, Ding W, Zhang QY, Song ZC, Zhao RJ, He ZL, Wang MX, Qi L, Ullmann C, Ricken A, Schöneberg T, Gan ZJ, Yu X, Xiao P, Yi F, Liebscher I, Sun JP | display-authors = 6 | title = Identification, structure, and agonist design of an androgen membrane receptor | journal = Cell | volume = | issue = | date = January 2025 | pmid = 39884271 | doi = 10.1016/j.cell.2025.01.006 }} GPR133 is an adhesion G protein-coupled receptor that functions as a membrane receptor for androgens. When activated by 5α-DHT, GPR133 increases intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels in muscle cells, leading to enhanced muscle strength.