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GPR50

{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in humans}}

{{Infobox_gene}}

G protein-coupled receptor 50 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the GPR50 gene.{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GPR50 G protein-coupled receptor 50| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=9248}}{{cite journal |vauthors=Reppert SM, Weaver DR, Ebisawa T, Mahle CD, Kolakowski LF | title = Cloning of a melatonin-related receptor from human pituitary | journal = FEBS Letters | volume = 386 | issue = 2–3 | pages = 219–24 |date=May 1996 | pmid = 8647286 | doi = 10.1016/0014-5793(96)00437-1 | doi-access = free }}{{cite journal |vauthors=Gubitz AK, Reppert SM | title = Assignment of the melatonin-related receptor to human chromosome X (GPR50) and mouse chromosome X (Gpr50) | journal = Genomics | volume = 55 | issue = 2 | pages = 248–51 |date=January 1999 | pmid = 9933574 | doi = 10.1006/geno.1998.5661 }}

Function

GPR50 is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family of integral membrane proteins and is most closely related to the melatonin receptor. GPR50 is able to heterodimerize with both the MT1 and MT2 melatonin receptor subtypes. While GPR50 has no effect on MT2 function, GPR50 prevented MT1 from both binding

melatonin and coupling to G proteins.{{cite journal |vauthors=Levoye A, Dam J, Ayoub MA, Guillaume JL, Couturier C, Delagrange P, Jockers R | title = The orphan GPR50 receptor specifically inhibits MT1 melatonin receptor function through heterodimerization | journal = The EMBO Journal | volume = 25 | issue = 13 | pages = 3012–23 |date=July 2006 | pmid = 16778767 | pmc = 1500982 | doi = 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601193 }} GPR50 is the mammalian ortholog of melatonin receptor Mel1c described in non-mammalian vertebrates.

{{cite journal |vauthors=Dufourny L, Levasseur A, Migaud M, Callebaut I, Pontarotti P, Malpaux B, Monget P | title = GPR50 is the mammalian ortholog of Mel1c: Evidence of rapid evolution in mammals | journal = BMC Evolutionary Biology | volume = 8| pages = 105 | year = 2008 | issue = 1 | pmid = 18400093| pmc = 2323367| doi = 10.1186/1471-2148-8-105 | bibcode = 2008BMCEE...8..105D | doi-access = free }}

Clinical significance

Certain polymorphisms of the GPR50 gene in females are associated with increased risk of developing bipolar affective disorder, major depressive disorder, and schizophrenia.{{cite journal |vauthors=Thomson PA, Wray NR, Thomson AM, Dunbar DR, Grassie MA, Condie A, Walker MT, Smith DJ, Pulford DJ, Muir W, Blackwood DH, Porteous DJ | title = Sex-specific association between bipolar affective disorder in women and GPR50, an X-linked orphan G protein-coupled receptor | journal = Molecular Psychiatry | volume = 10 | issue = 5 | pages = 470–8 |date=May 2005 | pmid = 15452587 | doi = 10.1038/sj.mp.4001593 | doi-access = free }} Other GPR50 gene polymorphism are associated with higher fasting circulating triglyceride levels and lower circulating High-density lipoprotein levels.{{cite journal |vauthors=Bhattacharyya S, Luan J, Challis B, Keogh J, Montague C, Brennand J, Morten J, Lowenbeim S, Jenkins S, Farooqi IS, Wareham NJ, O'Rahilly S | title = Sequence variants in the melatonin-related receptor gene (GPR50) associate with circulating triglyceride and HDL levels | journal = Journal of Lipid Research | volume = 47 | issue = 4 | pages = 761–6 |date=April 2006 | pmid = 16436372 | doi = 10.1194/jlr.M500338-JLR200 | doi-access = free }}

References

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Further reading

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  • {{cite journal | author=Reppert SM |title=Cloning of a melatonin-related receptor from human pituitary |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=386 |issue= 2–3 |pages= 219–24 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8647286 |doi=10.1016/0014-5793(96)00437-1 |name-list-style=vanc| author2=Weaver DR | author3=Ebisawa T | display-authors=3 | last4=Mahle | first4=CD | last5=Kolakowski Jr | first5=LF |doi-access=free}}
  • {{cite journal |vauthors=Gubitz AK, Reppert SM |title=Assignment of the melatonin-related receptor to human chromosome X (GPR50) and mouse chromosome X (Gpr50) |journal=Genomics |volume=55 |issue= 2 |pages= 248–51 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9933574 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1998.5661 }}
  • {{cite journal | author=Strausberg RL |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 | pmc=139241 |name-list-style=vanc| author2=Feingold EA | author3=Grouse LH | display-authors=3 | last4=Derge | first4=JG | last5=Klausner | first5=RD | last6=Collins | first6=FS | last7=Wagner | first7=L | last8=Shenmen | first8=CM | last9=Schuler | first9=GD |bibcode=2002PNAS...9916899M |doi-access=free }}
  • {{cite journal | author=Slominski A |title=Functional activity of serotoninergic and melatoninergic systems expressed in the skin |journal=J. Cell. Physiol. |volume=196 |issue= 1 |pages= 144–53 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12767050 |doi= 10.1002/jcp.10287 |name-list-style=vanc| author2=Pisarchik A | author3=Zbytek B | display-authors=3 | last4=Tobin | first4=Desmond J. | last5=Kauser | first5=Söbia | last6=Wortsman | first6=Jacobo |s2cid=24534729 |doi-access=free}}
  • {{cite journal | author=Suzuki Y |title=Sequence Comparison of Human and Mouse Genes Reveals a Homologous Block Structure in the Promoter Regions |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 9 |pages= 1711–8 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15342556 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2435604 | pmc=515316 |name-list-style=vanc| author2=Yamashita R | author3=Shirota M | display-authors=3 | last4=Sakakibara | first4=Y | last5=Chiba | first5=J | last6=Mizushima-Sugano | first6=J | last7=Nakai | first7=K | last8=Sugano | first8=S }}
  • {{cite journal | author=Thomson PA |title=Sex-specific association between bipolar affective disorder in women and GPR50, an X-linked orphan G protein-coupled receptor |journal=Mol. Psychiatry |volume=10 |issue= 5 |pages= 470–8 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15452587 |doi= 10.1038/sj.mp.4001593 |name-list-style=vanc| author2=Wray NR | author3=Thomson AM | display-authors=3 | last4=Dunbar | first4=D R | last5=Grassie | first5=M A | last6=Condie | first6=A | last7=Walker | first7=M T | last8=Smith | first8=D J | last9=Pulford | first9=D J | doi-access=free }}
  • {{cite journal | author=Bhattacharyya S |title=Sequence variants in the melatonin-related receptor gene (GPR50) associate with circulating triglyceride and HDL levels |journal=J. Lipid Res. |volume=47 |issue= 4 |pages= 761–6 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16436372 |doi= 10.1194/jlr.M500338-JLR200 |name-list-style=vanc| author2=Luan J | author3=Challis B | display-authors=3 | last4=Keogh | first4=J | last5=Montague | first5=C | last6=Brennand | first6=J | last7=Morten | first7=J | last8=Lowenbeim | first8=S | last9=Jenkins | first9=S | doi-access=free }}
  • {{cite journal | author=Levoye A |title=The orphan GPR50 receptor specifically inhibits MT1 melatonin receptor function through heterodimerization |journal=EMBO J. |volume=25 |issue= 13 |pages= 3012–23 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16778767 |doi= 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601193 | pmc=1500982 |name-list-style=vanc| author2=Dam J | author3=Ayoub MA | display-authors=3 | last4=Guillaume | first4=Jean-Luc | last5=Couturier | first5=Cyril | last6=Delagrange | first6=Philippe | last7=Jockers | first7=Ralf }}

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{{G protein-coupled receptors}}

Category:G protein-coupled receptors