Gabriel II of Constantinople
{{Short description|Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople in 1657}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Infobox Christian leader
| name = Gabriel II of Constantinople
| image =
| caption =
| church = Church of Constantinople
| archbishop_of = Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
| appointed = 23 April 1657
| term_end = 30 April 1657 (7 days)
| other_post = Metropolitan of Prousa
| predecessor = Parthenius III of Constantinople
| successor = Parthenius IV of Constantinople
| previous_post = Metropolitan of Ganos and Chora
| birth_name =
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| death_date = 3 December 1659
| death_place = Prousa (Bursa)
| buried =
| feast_day = 3 December
| venerated = Eastern Orthodox Church
}}
Gabriel II of Constantinople ({{langx|el|{{lang|grc|Γαβριήλ}}}}; died 3 December 1659) was Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople for one week in 1657.
In 1659 he was hanged by the Ottoman Sultan for having baptised a converted Muslim, and after refusing to abjure his own Christian faith. He is hence revered as New Hieromartyr Gabriel II, Metropolitan of Prousa and his feast in the Eastern Orthodox Church is 3 December.{{r|EP}}
Life
Gabriel was elected Metropolitan of Ganos and Chora on 23 March 1648 for a first term which lasted until 26 November 1651, and again in 1654.{{r|Kiminas|page1=172–173}} After the execution of Parthenius III of Constantinople he was appointed as the new Patriarch on 23 April 1657{{r|Kiminas|page1=40}} with the support of the Greek Orthodox nobility. However, the Holy Synod considered him uneducated and unsuitable for the throne, and deposed him a few days later, on 30 April 1657.{{r|EHW}}
After his deposition, besides his diocese of Ganos, he was given the position of administrator (proedros) of the vacant Metropolitan See of Prousa (Bursa). Here he was accused by the Jewish community to have baptised a Muslim,{{r|Vaporis}} even if actually the baptised was a Jews and not a Muslim.{{r|EHW}} He was also charged with maintaining good relations with the Russians, at the time at war with the Ottoman Empire.{{r|EHW}}
Sultan Mehmed IV was in those days in Bursa, and his Grand vizier Köprülü Mehmed Pasha imprisoned Gabriel II, and promised him freedom and honor in change to conversion to Islam. Gabriel II refused and was tortured and finally hanged on 3 December 1659.{{r|Vaporis}}
Notes and references
{{Reflist|refs=
{{Cite book |title=The Ecumenical Patriarchate |last=Kiminas |first=Demetrius |date=2009 |publisher=Wildside Press |isbn=978-1-4344-5876-6 |pages=40, 47, 172–173}}
{{Cite book |last=Vaporis |first=Nomikos Michael |title=Witnesses for Christ - Orthodox Christian neomartyrs of the Ottoman period |publisher=Saint Vladimir's Orthodox Theological Seminary |location=Crestwood |date=2000 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wTdz-34tZ4sC&pg=PA117 |pages=117–118 |isbn=0-88141-196-5}}
}}
{{Start}}
{{s-rel|eo}}
{{Succession box
| before = Parthenius III
| title = Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
| years = 1657
| after = Parthenius IV
}}
{{S-end}}
{{Patriarchs of Constantinople}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gabriel 02 Of Constantinople, Patriarch}}
Category:17th-century ecumenical patriarchs of Constantinople
Category:17th-century Eastern Orthodox martyrs
Category:Christian saints killed by Muslims
Category:Metropolitans of Bursa
Category:People executed by the Ottoman Empire by hanging
Category:Year of birth unknown
Category:Christians executed for refusing to convert to Islam