Gadsup language
{{Short description|Language}}
{{redirect|Akuna|the video game character Bode Akuna|Star Wars Jedi: Survivor}}
{{Infobox language
|name=Gadsup
|region=Eastern Highlands Province
|states=Papua New Guinea
|speakers={{sigfig|25100|2}}
|date=1996 – 2000 census
|ref=e25
|ethnicity=Gadsup
|familycolor=Papuan
|fam1=Trans–New Guinea
|fam2=Kainantu–Goroka
|fam3=Kainantu
|fam4=Gauwa
|dia1=Oyana, Akuna, OntenuHammarström (2015) Ethnologue 16/17/18th editions: a comprehensive review: online appendices
|iso3=gaj
|lc1=ont|ld1=Ontenu village
|glotto=gads1258
|glottorefname=Gadsup
}}
Gadsup is a Kainantu language spoken by the people of the same name in Papua New Guinea.
Phonology
= Consonants =
- {{IPA|/ɸ, β, s, ɾ, x/}} become plosives {{IPA|[p, b, t, d, k]}} when preceded by {{IPA|/N, ʔ/}}, but initially and medially they are {{IPA|[/ɸ, β, s, ɾ, x, ɾ]}}.{{cite journal |url=https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01728030/document |doi=10.2218/pihph.1.2016.1696|title=The typology of the distribution of Edge: The propensity for bipositionality|year=2016|last1=Ulfsbjorninn|first1=Shanti|last2=Lahrouchi|first2=Mohamed|journal=Papers in Historical Phonology|volume=1|page=109|doi-access=free}}
| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
! ! Bilabial ! Alveolar ! Velar ! Glottal |
| Group 1
| {{IPA|p}} | {{IPA|t}}, {{IPA|d}} | {{IPA|k}} | |
|---|
| Group 2
| {{IPA|m}}, {{IPA|β}} | {{IPA|n}} | {{IPA|j}} | {{IPA|ʔ}} |
The phonology of Akuna Gadsup is similar to Ontena Gadsup, except voiceless plosives don't lenite initially, but they do medially.
= Vowels =
| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center
!Back |
| High
|{{IPA|i}} | |{{IPA|u}} |
|---|
| Mid
|{{IPA|e}} |{{IPA|ɐ}} |{{IPA|o}} |
| Low
| |{{IPA|a}} | |
{{IPA|/ɐ/}} can also be heard as {{IPA|[ʌ̈]}}.{{Cite book |last1=Frantz |first1=Chester I. |chapter=Gadsup phoneme and toneme units |last2=Frantz |first2=Marjorie E. |title=Papers in New Guinea Linguistics No. 5 |doi=10.15144/PL-A7.1 |isbn=0-85883-012-4 |orig-year=1966 |location=Canberra |publisher=Australian National University |year=1971}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- Paradisec open access [http://catalog.paradisec.org.au/collections/AC2/items/FNBPNGEH103 vocabulary and phrases in Gadsup]
- Paradisec open access [http://catalog.paradisec.org.au/collections/SAW2 audio recordings in Gadsup]
{{Kainantu–Goroka languages}}