Gaius Papirius Crassus

{{Short description|Roman senator, consul in 430 BC}}

Gaius Papirius Crassus ({{fl}} {{c.}} 430 BC) was a Roman senator who held the executive state office of consul in 430 BC, as the colleague of Lucius Julius. During their year in office, an eight year long truce may have been signed with the Aequi, but this is uncertain.{{cite book |last=Ogilvie |year=1965 |first=R.M. |title=A Commentary on Livy, Books 1–5 |pages=581–582 |publisher=Clarendon Press |place=Oxford |authorlink=Robert Maxwell Ogilvie }} The consuls also enacted a law which allowed for the payment of fines in cash instead of livestock, in response to some heavy fines levied by the censors, Lucius Papirius and Publius Pinarius. Although the initiative for this law had come from the plebeian tribunes, the consuls preempted them by introducing the measure themselves.Livy, Ab Urbe Condita, 4.30.1–3.Münzer, Friedrich, "Papirius 43", Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft (RE, PW), volume 18, part 3, columns 1034–1035 (Stuttgart, 1949).{{cite book |last=Broughton |year=1951 |first=T. Robert S. |title=The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Volume I: 509 B.C.–100 B.C. |page=64 |publisher=American Philological Association |place=New York |authorlink=Thomas Robert Shannon Broughton |ref={{sfnref|Broughton}} }}{{cite book |last=Ogilvie |year=1965 |first=R.M. |title=A Commentary on Livy, Books 1–5 |page=582 |publisher=Clarendon Press |place=Oxford |authorlink=Robert Maxwell Ogilvie }}

The ancient sources disagree on the first name of Papirius Crassus. Livy (4.30.1), followed by Cassiodorus, names him Lucius Papirius, while Diodorus ([https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/12D*.html#72 12.72.1]) calls him Gaius and Cicero (De re publica 2.60), Publius. The consul of 430 BC is not given an iteration number anywhere, which speaks against identifying him with Lucius Papirius Crassus, the consul of 436 BC. It is likely that the sources have confused the names of the consuls with those of the censors in 430 BC, Lucius Papirius and Publius Pinarius. The consul of 436 BC, Lucius Papirius Crassus, might then be identical with the censor and not the consul of 430 BC, especially since Lucius Papirius Mugillanus, the other candidate for the position, was censor later, in 418 BC. This leaves Diodorus's Gaius Papirius as the most likely identification with the consul of 430 BC. This is accepted by Frier.{{cite journal |last=Frier |year=1975 |first=Bruce Woodward |title=Licinius Macer and the consules suffecti of 444 B. C. |journal=Transactions of the American Philological Association |volume=105 |pages=79–97 (p. 84, n. 20) |doi=10.2307/283935 |jstor=283935 }}