Gallopheasant

{{Redirect|Lophura|the genus of lizards that was called Lophura|Hydrosaurus{{!}}Hydrosaurus}}

{{Automatic Taxobox

| name = Gallopheasants

| image = Male Swinhoe's Pheasant.jpg

| image_caption = Lophura swinhoii - Swinhoe pheasant

| taxon = Lophura

| authority = Fleming, 1822

| type_species = Phasianus ignitus

| type_species_authority = Shaw, 1797

}}

The gallopheasants (genus Lophura) are pheasants of the family Phasianidae.{{Cite web |title=Lophura Fleming, 1822 |url=https://www.gbif.org/species/2473973 |access-date=2023-02-22 |website=www.gbif.org |language=en}} The genus comprises 11 species and several subspecies. Several species in this genus are known as firebacks, including crestless and crested firebacks, as well as the Siamese fireback.

Taxonomy

The genus Lophura was introduced in 1822 by the Scottish naturalist John Fleming to accommodate a single species, the Bornean crested fireback (Phasianus ignitus Shaw, 1798) which is therefore considered to be the type species by monotypy.{{ cite book | last=Fleming | first=John | author-link=John Fleming (naturalist) | date=1822 | title=The philosophy of zoology, or, A general view of the structure, functions, and classification of animals | volume=2 | location=Edinburgh | publisher=Hurst, Robinson & Co | page=230 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28230388 }}{{ cite book | editor-last=Peters | editor-first=James Lee | editor-link=James L. Peters | year=1934 | title=Check-List of Birds of the World | volume=2 | publisher=Harvard University Press | location=Cambridge, Massachusetts | page=117 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14482930 }} The genus name combines the Ancient Greek λοφος/lophos meaning "crest" with ουρα/oura meaning "tail".{{ cite web | last=Jobling | first=James A. | title=Lophura | work=The Key to Scientific Names | url=https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/key-to-scientific-names/search?q=Lophura | publisher=Cornell Lab of Ornithology | access-date=15 February 2025 }}

Species

The genus contains the following 11 species:{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela C. Rasmussen | date=August 2024 | title=Pheasants, partridges, francolins | work=IOC World Bird List Version 14.2 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/new/bow/pheasants/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=15 February 2025}}

Image	Name	Common name	Distribution
class="wikitable sortable collapsible"
120px \|Lophura edwardsi \|Edwards's pheasant \|Vietnam
120px \|Lophura swinhoii \|Swinhoe's pheasant \|Taiwan
120px	Lophura bulweri	Bulwer's pheasant	Borneo
120px \|Lophura leucomelanos \|kalij pheasant \|Pakistan to western Thailand
120px \|Lophura nycthemera \|silver pheasant \|mainland Southeast Asia, and eastern and southern China
120px	Lophura erythrophthalma	Malayan crestless fireback	Malay peninsula and Sumatra
File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Mannetje van de kuifloze vuurrughoen (Houppifer erythrophtalmus pyronotus) TMnr 10006557.jpg	Lophura pyronota	Bornean crestless fireback	northern Borneo
File:Lophura ignita.jpg \|Lophura rufa \|Malayan crested fireback \|Thai-Malay Peninsula and Sumatra
120px \|Lophura ignita \|Bornean crested fireback \|Borneo
120px \|Lophura diardi \|Siamese fireback \|Cambodia, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam in Southeast Asia
120px	Lophura inornata	Salvadori's pheasant	Sumatra

The Vietnamese pheasant Lophura hatinhensis, formerly considered valid, has now been shown to be a variant of Edward's pheasant caused by inbreeding due to small population size.{{Cite journal |last1=Hennache |first1=A |last2=Mahood |first2=SP |last3=Eames |first3=JC |last4=Randi |first4=E |date=2012 |title=Lophura hatinhensis is an invalid taxon |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/289320430 |journal=Forktail |volume=28 |pages=129–135}}

The Imperial pheasant (Lophura × imperialis) is now known to be a hybrid between Edwards's pheasant (Lophura edwardsi) and a subspecies of silver pheasant (Lophura nycthemera annamensis).{{Cite journal |last1=Hennache |first1=A |last2=Rasmussen |first2=P |last3=Lucchini |first3=V |last4=Rimondi |first4=S |last5=Randi |first5=E |date=2003 |title=Hybrid origin of the imperial pheasant Lophura imperialis (Delacour and Jabouille, 1924) demonstrated by morphology, hybrid experiments, and DNA analyses |journal=Biological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=80 |issue=4 |pages=573–600 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8312.2003.00251.x|doi-access=free }}

Gallopheasant

Taxonomy

Species

References