Gambulu

The Gambulu, Gambulai,{{cite book|author=Claude Hermann Walter Johns|title=Babylonian and Assyrian Laws, Contracts and Letters|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.89042|year=1904|publisher=C. Scribner's sons|page=[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.89042/page/n385 361]}} or Gambuli{{cite book|author=George Smith|title=Ancient History from the Monuments: Assyria: From the Earliest Times to the Fall of Nineveh|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VS1PAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA167|year=1876|publisher=Scribner, Armstrong|page=167}} were a tribe of Arameans in ancient Babylonia.{{cite book|author=H. W. F. Saggs|title=Babylonians|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BPdLxEyHci0C&pg=PA133|year=2000|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-20222-1|page=133}} They were the most powerful tribe along the eastern border of Babylonia,{{cite book|author=John Boederman|title=The Cambridge Ancient History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OGBGauNBK8kC&pg=PA52|year=1997|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-22717-9|page=52}} or in the south toward the border with Elam.{{cite book|author=Trevor Bryce|title=The Routledge Handbook of the Peoples and Places of Ancient Western Asia: The Near East from the Early Bronze Age to the fall of the Persian Empire|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AwwNS0diXP4C&pg=PA247|date=10 September 2009|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-15907-9|page=247}} It is difficult to pinpoint their exact location.{{cite book|author=Edward Lipiński|title=The Aramaeans: Their Ancient History, Culture, Religion|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rrMKKtiBBI4C&pg=PA479|year=2000|publisher=Peeters Publishers|isbn=978-90-429-0859-8|page=479}} H. W. F. Saggs places them "south of the Diyala river toward the Elamite border."

When Assyrian king Sargon II (722-705) waged war against them in the city of Dur-Athara, 18,430 were deported.{{cite book|author=Peter Dubovský|title=Hezekiah and the Assyrian Spies: Reconstruction of the Neo-Assyrian Intelligence Services and Its Significance for 2 Kings 18-19|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hVEJ07Vl8oEC&pg=PA268|year=2006|publisher=Gregorian Biblical BookShop|isbn=978-88-7653-352-5|page=268}}

The Gambulu, along with the Puqudu, continued to be politically important as far as the sixth century.{{cite book|author=Paul-Alain Beaulieu|title=A History of Babylon, 2200 BC - AD 75|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VcQ_DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA172|date=20 November 2017|publisher=Wiley|isbn=978-1-119-45907-1|page=172}}