Ganza language

{{Infobox language

| name = Ganza

| nativename = {{lang|gza-Arab|غانزا}} {{tlit|gza|Ganzo}}

| pronunciation =

| states = Sudan, Ethiopia

| region = Asosa Zone of Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Blue Nile State

| speakers = {{sigfig|3,000|2}}

| date = 2007

| ref = e25

| familycolor = Afro-Asiatic

| fam2 = Omotic

| fam3 = North

| fam4 = Mao

| iso3 = gza

| glotto = ganz1246

| glottorefname = Ganza

}}

Ganza, also known as Ganzo or Koma, is an Omotic language of the Afro-Asiatic family spoken in the Al Kurumik District of the Blue Nile (state) in Sudan and in the western Benishangul-Gumuz region of Ethiopia, specifically in the village districts of Penishuba and Yabeldigis.

It also goes by the names Ganzo, Gwami, Koma, and Koma-Ganza.

Phonology

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
colspan="2" \| ! Bilabial ! Alveolar ! Palatal ! Velar ! Glottal
colspan="2" \| Nasal \| {{IPA link\|m}} \| {{IPA link\|n}} \| \| {{IPA link\|ŋ}} \| {{IPA link\|ʔ̃}}
rowspan="3" \| Plosive ! voiceless \| {{IPA link\|p}} \| {{IPA link\|t}} \| \| {{IPA link\|k}} \| {{IPA link\|ʔ}}
ejective \| {{IPA link\|pʼ}} \| {{IPA link\|tʼ}} \| \| {{IPA link\|kʼ}} \|
voiced \| {{IPA link\|b}} \| {{IPA link\|d}} \| \| {{IPA link\|ɡ}} \|
rowspan="3" \| Fricative ! voiceless \| \| {{IPA link\|s}} \| {{IPA link\|ʃ}} \| \| {{IPA link\|h}}
ejective \| \| {{IPA link\|sʼ}} \| \| \|
voiced \| \| {{IPA link\|z}} \| \| \|
colspan="2" \| Approximant \| \| {{IPA link\|l}} \| {{IPA link\|j}} \| {{IPA link\|w}} \|
colspan="2" \| Trill \| \| {{IPA link\|r}} \| \| \|

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"

colspan="2" |

! Bilabial

! Alveolar

! Palatal

! Velar

! Glottal

colspan="2" | Nasal

| {{IPA link|m}}

| {{IPA link|n}}

| {{IPA link|ŋ}}

| {{IPA link|ʔ̃}}

rowspan="3" | Plosive

! voiceless

| {{IPA link|p}}

| {{IPA link|t}}

| {{IPA link|k}}

| {{IPA link|ʔ}}

ejective

| {{IPA link|pʼ}}

| {{IPA link|tʼ}}

| {{IPA link|kʼ}}

voiced

| {{IPA link|b}}

| {{IPA link|d}}

| {{IPA link|ɡ}}

rowspan="3" | Fricative

! voiceless

| {{IPA link|s}}

| {{IPA link|ʃ}}

| {{IPA link|h}}

ejective

| {{IPA link|sʼ}}

voiced

| {{IPA link|z}}

colspan="2" | Approximant

| {{IPA link|l}}

| {{IPA link|j}}

| {{IPA link|w}}

colspan="2" | Trill

| {{IPA link|r}}

Ganza does not utilize consonant length phonemically.{{cite journal|last=Smolders|first=Joshua|date=2016|title=A Phonology of Ganza|url=http://journals.dartmouth.edu/cgi-bin/WebObjects/Journals.woa/1/xmlpage/1/document/1070|format=pdf|journal=Linguistic Discovery|volume=14|issue=1|pages=86–144|doi=10.1349/PS1.1537-0852.A.470|access-date=2017-01-16|doi-access=free}}{{rp|106}}

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" \|+ Vowels{{rp\|107}}
! Front	Back
Close \| {{IPA link\|i}} \|\| {{IPA link\|u}}
Mid \| {{IPA link\|e}} \|\| {{IPA link\|o}}
Open \|colspan="2"\| {{IPA link\|ä\|a}}

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"

|+ Vowels{{rp|107}}

! Front

Back

| {{IPA link|i}} || {{IPA link|u}}

Mid

| {{IPA link|e}} || {{IPA link|o}}

Open

|colspan="2"| {{IPA link|ä|a}}

Although vowel length is typically contrastive in Omotic languages, Ganza does not have a clear contrast between long and short vowel phonemes. Instead, Ganza has predictable utterance-final vowel

lengthening and a set of monosyllabic words with double vowels.{{rp|109}}

References

Smolders, Joshua. 2015. A Wordlist of Ganza. Addis Ababa: SIL Ethiopia

Notes

External links

[https://elar.soas.ac.uk/Collection/MPI1032017 Link to ELAR documentation of Ganza and Ganza verb mophology] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919083018/https://elar.soas.ac.uk/Collection/MPI1032017 |date=2020-09-19 }}

Category:Languages of Ethiopia

Category:Omotic languages

Category:Mao languages