Garrelsweer
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Garrelsweer
| native_name =
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| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline = File:Garrelsweer - Stadsweg 89 - gereformeerde kerk.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Dutch Reformed church
| image_flag = File:Garrelsweer vlag.svg
| etymology =
| nickname =
| motto =
| pushpin_map = Netherlands Groningen#Netherlands
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_mapsize = 250
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in the province of Groningen in the Netherlands
| coordinates = {{Coord|53.31114|6.76907|region:NL_type:city|display=title,inline}}
| coor_pinpoint =
| coordinates_footnotes =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = Netherlands
| subdivision_type1 = Province
| subdivision_name1 = Groningen
| subdivision_type2 = Municipality
| subdivision_name2 = Eemsdelta
| subdivision_type3 =
| subdivision_name3 =
| established_title =
| established_date =
| founder =
| seat_type =
| seat =
| government_footnotes =
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| unit_pref = Metric
| area_total_km2 = 0.26
| elevation_footnotes = {{cite web |url = http://www.ahn.nl/postcodetool |title = Postcodetool for 9918AC |language = nl |work = Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland |publisher = Het Waterschapshuis |access-date = 7 April 2022 }}
| elevation_m = 0.5
| population_as_of = 2021
| population_footnotes = {{cite web |url=https://www.cbs.nl/-/media/_excel/2021/48/kwb-2021.xls |title=Kerncijfers wijken en buurten 2021 |website=Central Bureau of Statistics |access-date=7 April 2022}}
| population_total = 450
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_note =
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| timezone1 =
| utc_offset1 =
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| timezone = CET
| utc_offset = +1
| timezone_DST = CEST
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| area_code_type = Dialing code
| area_code = 0596
| iso_code =
| footnotes =
}}
Garrelsweer ({{IPA|nl|ˈɣɑrəlsʋeːr}}) is a village in the Dutch province of Groningen. It is a part of the municipality of Eemsdelta.
History
The village was first mentioned in 1057 as Gerleuiswert, and means "settled height of Gerlef (person)".{{cite web|url=https://etymologiebank.nl/trefwoord/garrelsweer |title=Garrelsweer |website=Etymologiebank |access-date=7 April 2022 |language=nl|quote=Etymologiebank first list terp for -weer, however in this case there is a no terp, and -weer was used for a dike (see other references)}} Garrelsweer developed on a dike along the Delf river.{{cite web|url=https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/sten009monu04_01/sten009monu04_01_0033.php |title=Garrelsweer |author=Ronald Stenvert & Redmer Alma |location=Zwolle |publisher=Waanders |year=1998 |isbn=90 400 9258 3 |language=nl |access-date=7 April 2022}} In 1057, it was given market, minting and toll rights by Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor.{{cite web|url=http://www.sthistoriegarrelsweer.nl/index.php/kennismaking/canon-van-garrelsweer |title=Canon van Garrelsweer |website=Stichting Historisch Garrelsweer |access-date=7 April 2022 |language=nl}} During the Middle Ages, the village became overshadowed by neighbouring Loppersum. In 1424, the Delf was replaced by the {{ill|Damsterdiep|nl|Damsterdiep (kanaal)}}, a canal from Groningen to Delfzijl.
In 1568, during the Dutch Revolt, a battle was fought near Garrelsweer between Count Louis of Nassau and the Spanish Prince Charles de Ligne of Arenberg. The battle was undecided. Two days later, the fighting continued at Heiligerlee which became the first Dutch military victory, and therefore, the official beginning of the Eighty Years' War.{{cite web|url=https://www.deverhalenvangroningen.nl/alle-verhalen/het-echte-begin-van-de-tachtigjarige-oorlog |title=Het echte begin van de Tachtigjarige Oorlog |website=De verhalen van Groningen |access-date=7 April 2022 |language=nl}}
The Dutch Reformed church was built in 1912 as a replacement of the 13th century church. The church was sold in 2013, and is nowadays in use as a concert hall and exhibition centre. The polder mill Kloostermolen was constructed in 1877. It was decommissioned and fell into disrepair. In 2013, the forest near the wind mill was removed, and in 2014, it was restored and recommissioned.{{cite web|url=https://molendatabase.nl/nederland/molen.php?nummer=1341 |title=Kloostermolen |website=Molen database|access-date=7 April 2022 |language=nl}}
Garrelsweer was home to 229 people in 1840.{{cite web|url=https://www.plaatsengids.nl/garrelsweer |title=Garrelsweer |website=Plaatsengids |access-date=7 April 2022 |language=nl}} Garrelsweer used to part of the municipality of Loppersum. In 2020, it became part of Eemsdelta.
Notable people
- Johannes de Groot (1914–1972), mathematician and topologist{{cite web|url=https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/De_Groot/ |title=Johannes de Groot|website=University of St Andrews, Scotland |access-date=7 April 2022 }}
- Rienk Kuiper (1886–1966), pastor and professor theology{{cite web|url=http://www.calvin.edu/hh/calvin_college_presidents/pres_kuiper.htm |title=Rienk B. Kuiper |website=Calvin University |access-date=7 April 2022}}
- Laurens W. Molenkamp (born 1956), professor of physics, known for his work on semiconductor spintronics and topological insulators{{cite web|url=https://www.uni-wuerzburg.de/en/news-and-events/news/detail/news/a-highly-cited-researcher/ |title=A highly cited researcher |website=University of Würzburg|access-date=7 April 2022}}
Gallery
File:RM517359 pastorie.JPG|Clergy house in winter
File:Garrelsweer - Damsterdiep.jpg|View on the Damsterdiep
File:Garrelsweer - Stadsweg 120 - Tjassensheerd.jpg|Villa Tjassensheerd
File:Garrelsweer - Stadsweg 122 - Enzelens - woning.jpg|House in Garrelsweer
References
External links
{{Commons category|position=left}}
{{Dutch municipality Eemsdelta}}
{{Authority control}}