Garrya
{{Short description|Genus of plants}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Garrya-sp.jpg
|image_caption = Garrya catkins in February at Woodland Park Zoo in Seattle, Washington.
|taxon = Garrya
|authority = Douglas ex Lindl.
|synonyms = {{Genus list|Fadyenia|Endl.}}
}}
Garrya is a genus of flowering plants in the family Garryaceae native to Mexico, the western United States, Central America and the Greater Antilles.{{cite web|url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=246721|title=Garrya Douglas ex Lindl.|last=Govaerts|first=R.|website=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families|publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens}} Common names include silk tassel and tassel bush.{{cite book|title=The Names of Plants|edition=2nd|last1=Gledhill|first1=David|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge, UK|orig-year=1989|year=1996|isbn=9780521366755}}{{Page needed|date=September 2020}}
They are evergreen dioecious wind-pollinated shrubs growing to {{convert|1|–|5|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} tall. The leaves are arranged in opposite pairs, and are simple, leathery, dark green to gray-green, ovate, {{convert|3|–|15|cm|0|abbr=on}} long, with an entire margin and a short petiole. The flowers are gray-green catkins, short and spreading when first produced in late summer; the male catkins becoming long ({{convert|3|–|20|cm|0|abbr=on}}) and pendulous in late winter when shedding pollen; the female catkins usually a little shorter and less pendulous. The fruit is a round dry berry containing two seeds.{{cite journal|last=Dahling|first=Gerald V.|year=1978|title=Systematics and evolution of Garrya|journal=Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University|publisher=Harvard University Herbaria|number=209|pages=1, 3–104|doi=10.5962/p.336448|jstor=41764821|s2cid=249085312 |doi-access=free}}
Species
- Garrya buxifolia – dwarf silktassel; western Oregon, northern California
- Garrya congdonii – chaparral silktassel; California
- Garrya corvorum – Guatemala
- Garrya elliptica – coast silktassel, wavyleaf silktassel; western Oregon, western California
- Garrya fadyenii – Fadyen's silktassel; Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola; naturalised in Leeward Islands
- Garrya flavescens – ashy silktassel; California and Baja California, northeast to Utah and New Mexico
- Garrya fremontii – bearbrush silktassel; southern Washington, Oregon, California, northwestern Nevada
- Garrya glaberrima – Coahuila, Tamaulipas, Nuevo León
- Garrya goldmannii – southeastern New Mexico, southwestern Texas, and northeastern Mexico
- Garrya grisea – Baja California
- Garrya laurifolia – laurelleaf silktassel; widespread from Chihuahua and Tamaulipas south to Panama
- Garrya lindheimeri – southwestern Texas and northeastern Mexico
- Garrya longifolia – Durango, Jalisco, Guerrero, Michoacán, Oaxaca, Morelos, Mexico State, Distrito Federal de México
- Garrya mexicana – southern Nuevo León
- Garrya ovata – eggleaf silktassel; New Mexico, Texas, Chihuahua, Oaxaca
- Garrya salicifolia – willowleaf silktassel; Baja California, Baja California Sur
- Garrya veatchii – canyon silktassel; California, Baja California
- Garrya wrightii – Wright's silktassel; Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Chihuahua, Sonora, Durango, Coahuila
Cultivation and uses
Some species, notably Garrya elliptica, are widely cultivated in gardens for their foliage and the catkins produced in late winter. They are frequently grown against a wall, or as a windbreak in coastal areas.{{cite book|title=RHS A–Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants|last=Brickell|first=Christopher|author2=Royal Horticultural Society|author2-link=Royal Horticultural Society|year=2008|volume=2|edition=3rd|publisher=Dorling Kindersley|location=United Kingdom|isbn=978-1405332965|pages=1128}} Male plants are more widely grown, as their catkins are longer and more attractive; one such cultivar, G. elliptica 'James Roof', has catkins up to {{cvt|35|cm|in}} long. The hybrids G. × issaquahensis (G. elliptica × G. fremontii) and G. × thuretii (G. elliptica × G. fadyenii) have been bred for garden planting.
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- {{Commons category-inline|Garrya|Garrya}}
- {{Wikispecies-inline|Garrya|Garrya}}
- [https://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20m?kind=Garrya Garrya map on DiscoverLife.org]
{{Taxonbar|from=Q813604}}