GcvB RNA

GcvB has been shown to regulate a large number of genes in E. coli and Salmonella species. GcvB was shown to bind to Oppa and DppA which transport oligopeptides and dipeptides respectively.{{cite journal |vauthors=Urbanowski ML, Stauffer LT, Stauffer GV |title=The gcvB gene encodes a small untranslated RNA involved in expression of the dipeptide and oligopeptide transport systems in Escherichia coli |journal=Mol. Microbiol. |volume=37 |issue=4 |pages=856–868 |date=August 2000 |pmid=10972807 |doi= 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.02051.x|s2cid=811119 |doi-access=free }}{{cite journal |vauthors=Pulvermacher SC, Stauffer LT, Stauffer GV |title=Role of the Escherichia coli Hfq protein in GcvB regulation of oppA and dppA mRNAs |journal=Microbiology |volume=155 |issue=Pt 1 |pages=115–123 |date=January 2009 |pmid=19118352 |doi=10.1099/mic.0.023432-0 |doi-access=free }} It has been shown to also regulate gltL, argT, STM, livK, livJ, brnQ, sstT and cycA which are involved in uptake of a variety of amino acids.{{cite journal |vauthors=Sharma CM, Darfeuille F, Plantinga TH, Vogel J |title=A small RNA regulates multiple ABC transporter mRNAs by targeting C/A-rich elements inside and upstream of ribosome-binding sites |journal=Genes Dev. |volume=21 |issue=21 |pages=2804–2817 |date=November 2007 |pmid=17974919 |pmc=2045133 |doi=10.1101/gad.447207 }}{{cite journal |vauthors=Pulvermacher SC, Stauffer LT, Stauffer GV |title=The small RNA GcvB regulates sstT mRNA expression in Escherichia coli |journal=J. Bacteriol. |volume=191 |issue=1 |pages=238–248 |date=January 2009 |pmid=18952787 |pmc=2612445 |doi=10.1128/JB.00915-08 }}{{cite journal |vauthors=Pulvermacher SC, Stauffer LT, Stauffer GV |title=Role of the sRNA GcvB in regulation of cycA in Escherichia coli |journal=Microbiology |volume=155 |issue=Pt 1 |pages=106–114 |date=January 2009 |pmid=19118351 |doi=10.1099/mic.0.023598-0 |doi-access=free }} GcvB RNA also is involved in regulating a variety of genes involved in amino acid biosynthesis such as ilvC, gdhA, thrL and serA.{{cite journal |author=Vogel J |title=A rough guide to the non-coding RNA world of Salmonella |journal=Mol. Microbiol. |volume=71 |issue=1 |pages=1–11 |date=January 2009 |pmid=19007416 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06505.x |s2cid=205366563 |hdl=11858/00-001M-0000-000E-C124-A |hdl-access=free }} GcvB RNA binds PhoPQ mRNA, which encodes a two-component system involved in magnesium homeostasis.{{cite journal|last=Coornaert|first=A|author2=Chiaruttini, C |author3=Springer, M |author4= Guillier, M |title=Post-Transcriptional Control of the Escherichia coli PhoQ-PhoP Two-Component System by Multiple sRNAs Involves a Novel Pairing Region of GcvB.|journal=PLOS Genetics|date=Jan 2013|volume=9|issue=1|pages=e1003156|pmid=23300478|doi=10.1371/journal.pgen.1003156|pmc=3536696|doi-access=free}}

There is evidence that E. coli GcvB can form polymers. Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to show a higher molecular weight band corresponding to a potential polymer.{{cite journal |vauthors=Busi F, Cayrol B, Lavelle C, LeDerout J, Piétrement O, Le Cam E, Geinguenaud F, Lacoste J, Régnier P, Arluison V |title=Auto-assembly as a new regulatory mechanism of noncoding RNA. |journal= Cell Cycle |volume=8 |issue =6 |pages=952–954 |year=2009 |pmid=19221499 |doi= 10.4161/cc.8.6.7905|doi-access=free }} Transmission electron microscopy was then used to identify a filamentous structure for the polymer. However, the authors suggest that these long filaments are unlikely to be physiologically relevant. It was shown that a construct containing only the first 61 nucleotides including the first stem-loop was sufficient for polymerisation. Similar results were recently shown for the DsrA RNA.{{cite journal |author=Cayrol B |title=Auto-assembly of E. coli DsrA small noncoding RNA: Molecular characteristics and functional consequences |journal=RNA Biol |volume=6 |issue=4 |pages=434–445 |year=2009 |pmid=19535898 |doi= 10.4161/rna.6.4.8949|name-list-style=vanc|author2=Geinguenaud F |author3=Lacoste J |display-authors=3 |last4=Busi |first4=Florent |last5=Le Dérout |first5=Jacques |last6=Piétrement |first6=Olivier |last7=Le Cam |first7=Eric |last8=Régnier |first8=Philippe |last9=Lavelle |first9=Christophe|doi-access=free }} The physiological relevance of polymerisation is not known.

The GcvB RNA is found in a range of bacteria including:{{cite journal |vauthors=Pulvermacher SC, Stauffer LT, Stauffer GV |title=The role of the small regulatory RNA GcvB in GcvB/mRNA posttranscriptional regulation of oppA and dppA in Escherichia coli |journal=FEMS Microbiol. Lett. |volume=281 |issue=1 |pages=42–50 |date=April 2008 |pmid=18312576 |doi=10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01068.x |doi-access= }}

• Escherichia coli
• Yersinia pestis
• Haemophilus influenzae
• Vibrio cholerae
• Shigella dysenteriae
• Salmonella typhimurium
• Klebsiella pneumoniae
• Photorhabdus luminescens
• Pasteurella multocida{{Cite journal|last1=Gulliver|first1=Emily L.|last2=Wright|first2=Amy|last3=Lucas|first3=Deanna Deveson|last4=Mégroz|first4=Marianne|last5=Kleifeld|first5=Oded|last6=Schittenhelm|first6=Ralf B.|last7=Powell|first7=David R.|last8=Seemann|first8=Torsten|last9=Bulitta|first9=Jürgen B.|date=May 2018|title=Determination of the small RNA GcvB regulon in the Gram-negative bacterial pathogen Pasteurella multocida and identification of the GcvB seed binding region|journal=RNA|volume=24|issue=5|pages=704–720|doi=10.1261/rna.063248.117|issn=1469-9001|pmid=29440476|pmc=5900567}}

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• {{cite journal |vauthors=Busi F, Le Derout J, Cerciat M, Régnier P, Hajnsdorf E |title=Is the secondary putative RNA-RNA interaction site relevant to GcvB mediated regulation of oppA mRNA in Escherichia coli? |journal=Biochimie |volume= 92|issue= 10|pages= 1458–1461|date=July 2010 |pmid=20603180 |doi=10.1016/j.biochi.2010.06.020 }}
• {{cite journal |vauthors=Stauffer LT, Stauffer GV |title=GcvA interacts with both the alpha and sigma subunits of RNA polymerase to activate the Escherichia coli gcvB gene and the gcvTHP operon |journal=FEMS Microbiol. Lett. |volume=242 |issue=2 |pages=333–338 |date=January 2005 |pmid=15621456 |doi=10.1016/j.femsle.2004.11.027 |doi-access=free }}
• {{cite journal|last=Yang|first=Q|author2=Figueroa-Bossi, N |author3=Bossi, L |title=Translation Enhancing ACA Motifs and Their Silencing by a Bacterial Small Regulatory RNA.|journal=PLOS Genetics|date=Jan 2014|volume=10|issue=1|pages=e1004026|pmid=24391513|doi=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004026|pmc=3879156|doi-access=free}}

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• {{Rfam|id=RF00022|name=GcvB RNA}}

Category:Non-coding RNA