Gecarcinus quadratus
{{Short description|Species of crab}}
{{redirect2|Halloween crab|Halloween moon crab|the species of hermit crab|Halloween hermit crab}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Pacific land crab (Gecarcinus quadratus).jpg
| image_caption = On Parida Island, Panama
| taxon = Gecarcinus quadratus
| authority = De Saussure, 1853
}}
Gecarcinus quadratus, known as the red land crab,{{cite journal |author=Donald B. Bright & Charles L. Hogue |date=1972 |title=A synopsis of burrowing land crabs of the World and list of their arthropod symbionts and burrow associates |journal=Contributions in Science |volume=220 |url=http://www.mosquitocatalog.org/files/pdfs/013600-0.pdf |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101009030017/http://www.mosquitocatalog.org/files/pdfs/013600-0.pdf |archivedate=2010-10-09 }} whitespot crab, Halloween crab,{{cite web |url=http://fireflyforest.net/firefly/2006/05/28/halloween-crab/ |title=Halloween Crab |work=The Firefly Forest |accessdate=July 28, 2011 |author=T. Beth Kinsey}} moon crab, Halloween moon crab, mouthless crab, or harlequin land crab, is a colourful land crab from the family Gecarcinidae.
Distribution
Gecarcinus quadratus is found in mangroves, sand dunes, and rainforests along the Pacific coast from Mexico south to Panama.{{cite journal |author=Lawrence G. Abele, Michael H. Robinson & Barbara Robinson |date=1973 |title=Observations on sound productions by two species of crabs from Panama (Decapoda, Gecarcinidae and Pseudothelphusidae) |journal=Crustaceana |volume=25 |issue=2 |pages=147–152 |doi=10.1163/156854073X00795 |url=http://decapoda.nhm.org/pdfs/31468/31468.pdf }}{{cite journal |author=Robert Perger & Adam Wall |date=2014 |title=The description of a new species of the Neotropical land crab genus Gecarcinus Leach, 1814 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Gecarcinidae)|journal=ZooKeys |issue=435 |pages=93–109 |doi=10.3897/zookeys.435.7271 |pmid=25152688 |pmc=4141188|doi-access=free |bibcode=2014ZooK..435...93P }} Previously it has also been reported from the Pacific coast of northwestern South America, but in 2014 this population was recognized as a separate species, G. nobili.
The taxonomy in relation to the Atlantic G. lateralis is disputed, with many considering G. quadratus and G. lateralis to be conspecific.{{cite journal |author=Peter M. Sherman |date=2006 |title=Influence of land crabs Gecarcinus quadratus (Gecarcinidae) on distributions of organic carbon and roots in a Costa Rican rain forest |url=https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/13987/13299 |journal=Revista de Biología Tropical |volume=54 |issue=1 |pages=149–161 |pmid=18457184}}
Description
The carapace of G. quadratus may reach a length of {{convert|5|cm|in|abbr=on}}. It has a pair of largely purple claws, red-orange legs, and an almost entirely black carapace with a pair of yellow, orange, purple or reddish spots behind the eyes, and an additional pair of whitish spots on the central-lower carapace.
Behaviour
This nocturnal crab digs burrows—sometimes as long as {{convert|1.5|m|ft|abbr=on}}—in the coastal rainforests of Mexico and Central America, and is common along the coasts of Mexico, Costa Rica, Panama, and Nicaragua. It lives in the forest for at least some of its adult life, but needs to return to the ocean to breed. It is largely herbivorous and consumes leaf litter and seedlings.
References
{{Reflist|32em}}
External links
- {{Commons category-inline|Gecarcinus quadratus|Gecarcinus quadratus}}
{{Gecarcinidae}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1571864}}