General Duke (horse)

General Duke was sired by Lexington, and out of Lilla, who was by the imported stallion Yorkshire. General Duke was foaled in 1865 and was a chestnut stallion. He was bred by Robert A. Alexander at Woodburn Stud in Kentucky.Bruce American Stud Book Vol. 1 p. 653 Both of his back legs were white to the pastern.Vosburgh "Belmont Stakes" Daily Racing Form

General Duke's first start on the racetrack was in 1867, in the Saratoga Stakes on August 9. He placed third in that race, which was {{convert|3/4|mi|m|abbr=off|sp=us}} and limited to two-year-old horses. He carried {{convert|90|lb|kg|abbr=off|sp=us}} and raced for McConnell and Harness.Crickmore Racing Calendars Vol. 2 1866, 1867 p. 143 He then raced on August 12, for the same owners at the same distance in a race for two-year-olds, which he won in 1 minute 20{{frac|1|4}} seconds.Crickmore Racing Calendars Vol. 2 1866, 1867 p. 145 Both of these races were at Saratoga Race Course in New York. On September 26, 1867, General Duke started a race at Cincinnati, Ohio, the Cincinnati Stakes. This was a {{convert|1|mi|m}} race for two-year-olds, which General Duke won in 1 minute 45{{frac|1|2}} seconds carrying {{convert|86|lb|kg}}. He was at that time still owned by McConnell and Harness.Crickmore Racing Calendars Vol. 2 1866, 1867 p. 179

As a three-year-old, General Duke first started at the Secaucus Racetrack in New Jersey, on May 29, 1868. This race was a mile-heat race, run as three separate {{convert|1|mi|m}} races. Racing again for McConnell and Harness, General Duke finished 3rd in each of the three heats.Crickmore Racing Calendars Vol. 3 1868, 1869 p. 30 The next race he started was the Belmont Stakes on June 10, 1868, which was run at the Jerome Park Racetrack. The Belmont was run at a {{convert|1+5/8|mi|m}}. General Duke won while carrying {{convert|110|lb|kg}}, in a time of 3 minutes and 2 seconds.Crickmore Racing Calendars Vol. 31868, 1869 p. 32 His jockey for the race was R. Swim. and the trainer was A. Thompson.Sowers Kentucky Derby, Preakness and Belmont Stakes p. 10 The horse led from the start, even though he had reared up with his jockey before the beginning of the race. He was the first of four winners of the Belmont sired by Lexington.Dunstan "Reflections" Daily Racing Form

On June 17, General Duke came in second in a sweepstakes race at {{convert|2|mi|m}} distance.Crickmore Racing Calendars Vol. 31868, 1869 p. 36 On July 2, he won a sweepstakes race for three-year-olds at a distance of a {{convert|1+3/4|mi|m}}.Crickmore Racing Calendars Vol. 31868, 1869 p. 39 On August 10, at Saratoga, he won the Sequel Stakes over {{convert|2|mi|m}} in a time of 3 minutes 40{{frac|3|4}} seconds. He carried {{convert|115|lb|kg}} in that race.Crickmore Racing Calendars Vol. 31868, 1869 p. 43 On August 25, 1868, he won the Providence Stake at Narragansett Race Track, in Rhode Island. This race was a {{convert|1+1/2|mi|m}}, and he carried {{convert|110|lb|kg}} during his winning time of 2 minutes and 44 seconds.Crickmore Racing Calendars Vol. 31868, 1869 p. 47 The same day, he won a heat race, with two {{convert|2|mi|m}} heats, placing first in both heats.Crickmore Racing Calendars Vol. 31868, 1869 p. 48 He next started at the Jerome Park Racetrack in New York on October 7, 1868, in a cup race over {{convert|2+1/8|mi|m}}. He placed second while carrying {{convert|95|lb|kg}}.Crickmore Racing Calendars Vol. 31868, 1869 p. 74 His last start of the year was on October 8, when he won a {{convert|1+3/4|mi|m}} race with a time of 3 minutes and 13 seconds.Crickmore Racing Calendars Vol. 31868, 1869 p. 76

General Duke's final racing career totals were 32 starts and 18 wins, with total earnings on the track of $17,915 ({{inflation|US|17915|1867|fmt=eq|r=-3}}).{{Inflation-fn|US}} His career spanned six years on the track. He was named Champion Three-Year-Old in 1868.Hewitt Great Breeders p. 18 In 1870 he was the first horse to run a mile in 1 minute, 4.5 seconds. When he was four and five, he was owned by Charles Littlefield, but was subsequently sold to Joseph O'Donnell. O'Donnell changed the horse's name, to Judge Curtis; something that has never happened to any other winner of a United States Triple Crown race.

As Judge Curtis, he was used as a breeding stallion in Canada but died in 1888 in Monmouth, Illinois. Three of his daughters won stakes races:Hogan Index to Stakes Winners p. 606 His daughter Bonnie Bird, foaled in 1876, won the Queen's Plate at Woodbine Racetrack in 1880. Her full sister Bonnie Duke, foaled in 1882, won the same race in 1887.Hogan Index to Stakes Winners p. 131 His 1882 daughter Curtolima won the 1885 Woodstock Plate Handicap, now called the Woodstock Stakes.Hogan Index to Stakes Winners p. 491

{{Pedigree

|name = General Duke

|f = LexingtonBruce Horse-Breeder's Guide p. 33

1850

|m = Lilla

1856

|ff = Boston

1833

|fm = Alice Carneal

1836

|mf = Yorkshire

1834

|mm = VictoireBruce American Stud Book Vol. 1 p. 192

1847

|fff = Timoleon

|ffm = Sister to Tuckahoe

|fmf = Sarpedeon

|fmm = Rowena

|mff = St. Nicholas

|mfm = Miss Rose

|mmf = MargraveBruce American Stud Book Vol. 1 p. 35

|mmm = Argentile

|ffff = Sir Archy

|fffm = Saltram Mare

|ffmf = Balls Florizel

|ffmm = Alderman Mare

|fmff = Emilius

|fmfm = Icaria

|fmmf = Sumpter

|fmmm = Lady Grey

|mfff = Emilius

|mffm = Sea Mew

|mfmf = Tramp

|mfmm = Sancho Mare

|mmff = Muley

|mmfm = Election Mare

|mmmf = Bertrand

|mmmm = Allegrante

|}}

{{reflist|colwidth=40em}}

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• {{cite book |author=Bruce, S. D. |title=American Stud Book |volume=1 |year=1884 |edition=Revised |publisher=Turf, Field, and Farm |location=New York |oclc=9320888 }}
• {{cite book |author=Bruce, S. D. |title=Horse-Breeder's Guide and Hand Book |publisher=Turf, Field and Farm |location=New York |year=1883 |oclc=63337475 }}
• {{cite book |author=Crickmore, H. G. |title=Racing Calendars: Vol. 2 1866, 1867 |publisher=W. C. Whitney |location=New York |year=1901 |oclc=950904302 }}
• {{cite book |author=Crickmore, H. G. |title=Racing Calendars: Vol. 3 1868, 1869 |publisher=W. C. Whitney |location=New York |year=1901 |oclc=950904302 }}
• {{cite book |author=Daily Racing Form |title=The American Racing Manual 1948 Edition |author-link=Daily Racing Form |year=1948 |publisher=Triangle Publications |location=Chicago, IL|oclc=960092630 }}
• {{cite news |author=Dunstan, Nelson |title=Reflections |newspaper=Daily Racing Form |date=June 8, 1949 |page=40 |url=https://drf.uky.edu/catalog/1940s/drf1949060801/drf1949060801_40_1#q=%22General+duke%22#fq= |accessdate=April 3, 2022 }}
• {{cite book |author=Hewitt, Abram S. |title=The Great Breeders and Their Methods |publisher=Thoroughbred Owners and Breeders Association |location=Lexington, KY |year=1982 |oclc=12739523 }}
• {{cite book |author=Hogan, Clio D. |title=Index to Stakes Winners 1865–1967 |location=Solvang, CA |publisher=Flag Is Up Farms |year=n.d. |oclc=29213840 }}
• {{cite web |author=New York Racing Association |url=http://www.belmontstakes.com/racing/belmontstakes.aspx |title=Belmont Stakes |publisher=New York Racing Association |access-date=March 3, 2011 |year=2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707223215/http://www.belmontstakes.com/racing/belmontstakes.aspx |archive-date=July 7, 2011 |df=mdy-all }}
• {{cite book |author=Sowers, Richard |title=The Kentucky Derby, Preakness and Belmont Stakes: A Comprehensive History |publisher=McFarland |location=Jefferson, NC |year=2014 |isbn=978-0-7864-7698-5 }}
• {{cite news |author=Vosbaugh, W. S. |title=The Belmont Stakes |newspaper=Daily Racing Form |date=April 9, 1922 |page=8 |url=https://drf.uky.edu/catalog/1920s/drf1922040901/drf1922040901_8_2#q=%22General+duke%22#fq= |accessdate=April 3, 2022 }}

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{{Belmont Stakes Winners}}

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Category:1865 racehorse births

Category:Racehorses trained in the United States

Category:Racehorses bred in Kentucky

Category:Belmont Stakes winners

Category:Thoroughbred family 9-c

Category:Byerley Turk sire line