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General MIDI Level 2

General MIDI Level 2 or GM2 is a specification for synthesizers which defines several requirements beyond the more abstract MIDI standard and is based on General MIDI, GS extensions, and XG extensions. It was adopted in 1999 by the MIDI Manufacturers Association (MMA).

General requirements

  • Number of Notes: 32 simultaneous notes
  • MIDI Channels: 16
  • Simultaneous Melodic Instruments – up to 16 (all Channels)
  • Simultaneous Percussion Kits – up to 2 (Channel 10/11)

Parameters

=Program and bank change events=

General MIDI 2 compatible synthesizers access all of the 256 instruments by setting cc#0 (Bank Select MSB) to 121 and using cc#32 (Bank Select LSB) to select the variation bank before a Program Change. Variation bank 0 contains the full GM — that is, General MIDI 1 — sound set. Variations using other bank numbers are new to General MIDI 2, and correspond to variation sounds introduced in Roland GS and Yamaha XG.

==Melodic sounds==

=== Piano ===

width="50%" class="wikitable"
width="15%" | Patch Number

! width="15%" | Bank Number

! width="70%" | Instrument Name

rowspan=3 | 1

| 0

| Acoustic Grand Piano

1

| Wide Acoustic Grand Piano

2

| Dark Acoustic Grand Piano

rowspan=2 | 2

| 0

| Bright Acoustic Piano

1

| Wide Bright Acoustic Piano

rowspan=2 | 3

| 0

| Electric Grand Piano

1

| Wide Electric Grand Piano

rowspan=2 | 4

| 0

| Honky-tonk Piano

1

| Wide Honky-tonk Piano

rowspan=4 | 5

| 0

| Rhodes Electric Piano

1

| Detuned Electric Piano 1

2

| Variaton Electric Piano 1

3

| 60's Electric Piano

rowspan=5 | 6

| 0

| Chorused Electric Piano

1

| Detuned Electric Piano 2

2

| Variation Electric Piano 2

3

| Electric Piano Legend

4

| Phaser Electric Piano

rowspan=4 | 7

| 0

| Harpsichord

1

| Coupled Harpsichord

2

| Wide Harpsichord

3

| Open Harpsichord

rowspan=2 | 8

| 0

| Clavinet

1

| Pulsed Clavinet

=== Chromatic Percussion ===

width="50%" class="wikitable"
width="15%" | Patch Number

! width="15%" | Bank Number

! width="70%" | Instrument Name

9

| 0

| Celesta

10

| 0

| Glockenspiel

11

| 0

| Music Box

rowspan=2 | 12

| 0

| Vibraphone

1

| Wet Vibraphone

rowspan=2 | 13

| 0

| Marimba

1

| Wide Marimba

14

| 0

| Xylophone

rowspan=3 | 15

| 0

| Tubular Bells

1

| Church Bells

2

| Carillon Bells

16

| 0

| Dulcimer/Santur

=== Organ ===

width="50%" class="wikitable"
width="15%" | Patch Number

! width="15%" | Bank Number

! width="70%" | Instrument Name

rowspan=4 width="15%" | 17

| width="15%" | 0

| Drawbar Organ 1

width="15%" | 1

| Detuned Drawbar Organ

width="15%" | 2

| 60's Drawbar Organ

width="15%" | 3

| Drawbar Organ 2

rowspan=3 width="15%" | 18

| width="15%" | 0

| Percussive B3 Organ 1

width="15%" | 1

| Detuned Percussive B3 Organ

width="15%" | 2

| Percussive B3 Organ 2

width="15%" | 19

| width="15%" | 0

| Rock Organ

rowspan=3 width="15%" | 20

| width="15%" | 0

| Church Organ 1

width="15%" | 1

| Church Organ 2

width="15%" | 2

| Church Organ 3

rowspan=2 width="15%" | 21

| width="15%" | 0

| Reeds Organ

width="15%" | 1

| Puffs Organ

rowspan=2 width="15%" | 22

| width="15%" | 0

| French Accordion

width="15%" | 1

| Italian Accordion

width="15%" | 23

| width="15%" | 0

| Harmonica

width="15%" | 24

| width="15%" | 0

| Tango Accordion

=== Guitar ===

width="50%" class="wikitable"
width="15%" | Patch Number

! width="15%" | Bank Number

! width="70%" | Instrument Name

rowspan=4 | 25

| 0

| Nylon-Strings Guitar 1

1

| Ukulele

2

| Opened Nylon-Strings Guitar

3

| Nylon-Strings Guitar 2

rowspan=4 | 26

| 0

| Steel-Strings Guitar

1

| 12-Strings Steel Guitar

2

| Mandolin

3

| Steel-Strings Guitar + Body Tapped Sounds

rowspan=2 | 27

| 0

| Jazz Guitar

1

| Hawaiian Guitar

rowspan=3 | 28

| 0

| Clean Electric Guitar

1

| Chorus Guitar

2

| Mid Tone Guitar

rowspan=4 | 29

| 0

| Muted Electric Guitar

1

| Funky Guitar 1

2

| Funky Guitar 2

3

| Jazz Man

rowspan=2 | 30

| 0

| Overdriven Guitar

1

| Guitar Pinch

rowspan=3 | 31

| 0

| Distortion Guitar

1

| Feedback Guitar

2

| Distortion Rhythm Guitar

rowspan=2 | 32

| 0

| Guitar Harmonics

1

| Guitar Feedback

=== Bass ===

width="50%" class="wikitable"
width="15%" | Patch Number

! width="15%" | Bank Number

! width="70%" | Instrument Name

33

| 0

| Acoustic Bass

rowspan=2 | 34

| 0

| Fingered Bass

1

| Fingered Slap Bass

35

| 0

| Picked Bass

36

| 0

| Fretless Bass

37

| 0

| Slap Bass 1

38

| 0

| Slap Bass 2

rowspan=5 | 39

| 0

| Synth Bass 1

1

| Synth Bass 101

2

| Synth Bass 3

3

| Clavi Bass

4

| Hammered Bass

rowspan=4 | 40

| 0

| Synth Bass 2

1

| Synth Bass 4

2

| Rubber Bass

3

| Attack Pulsed

=== Orchestra Solo ===

width="50%" class="wikitable"
width="15%" | Patch Number

! width="15%" | Bank Number

! width="70%" | Instrument Name

rowspan=2 | 41

| 0

| Violin

1

| Slow Violin

42

| 0

| Viola

43

| 0

| Cello

44

| 0

| Contrabass

45

| 0

| Tremolo Strings

46

| 0

| Pizzicato Strings

rowspan=2 | 47

| 0

| Harp

1

| Yang Qin

48

| 0

| Timpani

=== Orchestra Ensemble ===

width="50%" class="wikitable"
width="15%" | Patch Number

! width="15%" | Bank Number

! width="70%" | Instrument Name

rowspan=3 | 49

| 0

| Strings Ensemble

1

| Orchestral Strings

2

| 60's Strings

50

| 0

| Slow Strings Ensemble

rowspan=2 | 51

| 0

| Synth Strings 1

1

| Synth Strings 3

52

| 0

| Synth Strings 2

rowspan=2 | 53

| 0

| Choir Aahs 1

1

| Choir Aahs 2

rowspan=2 | 54

| 0

| Voice Oohs

1

| Humming

rowspan=2 | 55

| 0

| Synth Voice

1

| Analog Voice

rowspan=4 | 56

| 0

| Orchestral Hit

1

| Bass Hit

2

| 6th Hit

3

| Euro Hit

=== Brass ===

width="50%" class="wikitable"
width="15%" | Patch Number

! width="15%" | Bank Number

! width="70%" | Instrument Name

rowspan=2 | 57

| 0

| Trumpet

1

| Dark Trumpet Soft

rowspan=3 | 58

| 0

| Trombone 1

1

| Trombone 2

2

| Bright Trombone

59

| 0

| Tuba

rowspan=2 | 60

| 0

| Muted Trumpet 1

1

| Muted Trumpet 2

rowspan=2 | 61

| 0

| French Horns 1

1

| French Horns 2

rowspan=2 | 62

| 0

| Brass Section 1

1

| Brass Section 2

rowspan=4 | 63

| 0

| Synth Brass 1

1

| Synth Brass 3

2

| Analog Brass 1

3

| Jump Brass

rowspan=3 | 64

| 0

| Synth Brass 2

1

| Synth Brass 4

2

| Analog Brass 2

=== Reed ===

width="50%" class="wikitable"
width="15%" | Patch Number

! width="15%" | Bank Number

! width="70%" | Instrument Name

65

| 0

| Soprano Sax

66

| 0

| Alto Sax

67

| 0

| Tenor Sax

68

| 0

| Baritone Sax

69

| 0

| Oboe

70

| 0

| English Horn

71

| 0

| Bassoon

72

| 0

| Clarinet

=== Wind ===

width="50%" class="wikitable"
width="15%" | Patch Number

! width="15%" | Bank Number

! width="70%" | Instrument Name

73

| 0

| Piccolo

74

| 0

| Flute

75

| 0

| Recorder

76

| 0

| Pan Flute

77

| 0

| Bottle Blow

78

| 0

| Shakuhachi

79

| 0

| Whistle

80

| 0

| Ocarina

=== Synth Lead ===

width="50%" class="wikitable"
width="15%" | Patch Number

! width="15%" | Bank Number

! width="70%" | Instrument Name

rowspan=3 | 81

| 0

| Square Lead

1

| Square Wave

2

| Sine Wave

rowspan=5 | 82

| 0

| Saw Lead

1

| Saw Wave

2

| Doctor Solo

3

| Natural Lead

4

| Sequenced Saw

83

| 0

| Synth Calliope

84

| 0

| Chiffer Lead

rowspan=2 | 85

| 0

| Charang

1

| Wire Lead

86

| 0

| Solo Synth Vox

87

| 0

| 5th Saw Wave

rowspan=2 | 88

| 0

| Bass & Lead

1

| Delayed Lead

=== Synth Pad ===

width="50%" class="wikitable"
width="15%" | Patch Number

! width="15%" | Bank Number

! width="70%" | Instrument Name

89

| 0

| Fantasia Pad

rowspan=2 | 90

| 0

| Warm Pad

1

| Sine Pad

91

| 0

| Polysynth Pad

rowspan=2 | 92

| 0

| Space Voice Pad

1

| Itopia

93

| 0

| Bowed Glass Pad

94

| 0

| Metal Pad

95

| 0

| Halo Pad

96

| 0

| Sweep Pad

=== Synth Sound FX ===

width="50%" class="wikitable"
width="15%" | Patch Number

! width="15%" | Bank Number

! width="70%" | Instrument Name

97

| 0

| Ice Rain

98

| 0

| Soundtrack

rowspan=2 | 99

| 0

| Crystal

1

| Synth Mallet

100

| 0

| Atmosphere

101

| 0

| Brightness

102

| 0

| Goblin

rowspan=3 | 103

| 0

| Echo Drops

1

| Echo Bell

2

| Echo Pan

104

| 0

| Star Theme

=== Ethnic ===

width="50%" class="wikitable"
width="15%" | Patch Number

! width="15%" | Bank Number

! width="70%" | Instrument Name

rowspan=2 | 105

| 0

| Sitar 1

1

| Sitar 2

106

| 0

| Banjo

107

| 0

| Shamisen

rowspan=2 | 108

| 0

| Koto

1

| Taisho Koto

109

| 0

| Kalimba

110

| 0

| Bagpipe

111

| 0

| Fiddle

112

| 0

| Shanai

=== Percussive ===

width="50%" class="wikitable"
width="15%" | Patch Number

! width="15%" | Bank Number

! width="70%" | Instrument Name

113

| 0

| Tinkle Bells

114

| 0

| Agogo

115

| 0

| Steel Drums

rowspan=2 | 116

| 0

| Woodblock

1

| Castanets

rowspan=2 | 117

| 0

| Taiko Drums

1

| Concert Bass Drums

rowspan=2 | 118

| 0

| Melodic Tom 1

1

| Melodic Tom 2

rowspan=3 | 119

| 0

| Synth Drums

1

| 808 Toms

2

| Electric Percussion

120

| 0

| Reversed Cymbals

=== Sound Effect ===

width="50%" class="wikitable"
width="15%" | Patch Number

! width="15%" | Bank Number

! width="70%" | Instrument Name

rowspan=3 | 121

| 0

| Guitar Fret Noise

1

| Guitar Cut Noise

2

| String Slap

rowspan=2 | 122

| 0

| Breath Noise

1

| Flute Key Click

rowspan=6 | 123

| 0

| Seashore

1

| Rain

2

| Thunder

3

| Wind

4

| Stream

5

| Bubble

rowspan=4 | 124

| 0

| Bird

1

| Dog

2

| Horse-Gallop

3

| Bird 2

rowspan=6 | 125

| 0

| Telephone 1

1

| Telephone 2

2

| Door Creaking

3

| Door Closing

4

| Scratch

5

| Wind Chimes

rowspan=10 | 126

| 0

| Helicopter

1

| Car-Engine

2

| Car-Stop

3

| Car-Pass

4

| Car-Crash

5

| Siren

6

| Train

7

| Jetplane

8

| Starship

9

| Burst Noise

rowspan=6 | 127

| 0

| Applause

1

| Laughing

2

| Screaming

3

| Punch

4

| Heart Beat

5

| Footsteps

rowspan=4 | 128

| 0

| Gun Shot

1

| Machine Gun

2

| Lasergun

3

| Explosion

== Drum sounds ==

These are the same patch numbers as defined in the original version of GS. Drum bank is accessed by setting cc#0 (Bank Select MSB) to 120 and cc#32 (Bank Select LSB) to 0 and PC (Program Change) to select drum kit.

style="width: 20pt;" |1

| style="width: 90pt;" |Standard Kit

The only kit specified by General MIDI Level 1
9Room KitDrums recorded with room ambience
17Power KitMore powerful kick and snare sounds
25Electronic KitSounds of various electronic drums
26TR-808 KitAnalog drum kit similar to Roland TR-808
33Jazz KitSofter kick and snare sounds than the Standard Kit
41Brush KitMany brush sounds added
49Orchestra KitA collection of concert drums and timpani
57Sound FX KitA collection of sound effects

= Additional percussion notes =

These are the same GS drum notes and span Drum Kits 1 to 49:

style="width: 20pt;" |27

| style="width: 90pt;" |High Q

| style="width: 20pt;" |34

| style="width: 90pt;" |Metronome Bell

28Slap82

|Shaker

29Scratch Push83

|Jingle Bell

30Scratch Pull84

|Belltree

31Sticks85

|Castanets

32Square Click86

|Mute Surdo

33Metronome Click87

|Open Surdo

=Supported Control Change messages =

class="wikitable"

!CC

!Function

0/32

|Bank Select (MSB/LSB)

1

|Modulation Wheel

2

|Breath Controller

4

|Foot Controller

5

|Portamento Time

7

|Channel Volume

10

|Pan

64

|Damper Pedal On/Off (Sustain)

65

|Portamento On/Off

66

|Sostenuto On/Off

67

|Soft Pedal On/Off

70

|Sound Variation

71

|Timbre/Harmonic Intensity (filter resonance)

72

|Release Time

73

|Attack Time

74

|Brightness (cutoff frequency)

75

|Decay Time

76

|Vibrato Rate

77

|Vibrato Depth

78

|Vibrato Delay

91

|Effect 1 Depth (reverb send level)

92

|Effect 2 Depth (formerly tremolo depth)

93

|Effect 3 Depth (chorus send level)

94

|Effect 4 Depth (formerly detune depth)

95

|Effect 5 Depth (formerly phaser depth)

6/38

|Data Entry (MSB/LSB)

100/101

|Registered Parameter Number (MSB/LSB)

= Supported Registered Parameter Numbers (RPNs)=

  • Pitch Bend Sensitivity
  • Channel Fine Tune
  • Channel Coarse Tune
  • Modulation Depth Range (Vibrato Depth Range)
  • RPN NULL

= Supported Universal System Exclusive (SysEx) messages=

  • Master Volume
  • Master Fine Tuning
  • Master Coarse Tuning
  • Reverb Type
  • Reverb Time
  • Chorus Type
  • Chorus Mod Rate
  • Chorus Mod Depth
  • Chorus Feedback
  • Chorus Send to Reverb
  • Controller Destination Setting
  • Scale/Octave Tuning Adjust
  • Key-Based Instrument Controllers
  • GM2 System On

See also

References

{{Reflist}}

External links

  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20150520120852/http://www.midi.org/ MIDI Manufacturers Association] (MMA)
  • {{cite journal

| last = Smithers

| first = Brian

| title = General MIDI Redux

| journal = Electronic Musician

| url = http://www.emusician.com/news/0766/general-midi-redux/144351

}}

Category:MIDI standards

Category:Computer-related introductions in 1999