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General Motors Delta platform#Delta II

{{main|List of GM platforms}}

{{Infobox automobile platform

| name = GM Delta platform

| image = Chevrolet Cruze LT 1.8 – Frontansicht, 2. Juli 2011, Mettmann.jpg

| aka =

| manufacturer = General Motors

| predecessor = GM J platform
GM R platform
GM T platform
GM Z platform

| successor = For Opel & Vauxhall:
PSA EMP2 platform
For GM:
GM VSS-F

| production = 2002–present

| class = Compact (C)

| similar = Ford C170 platform
Mitsubishi GS platform

| body_style = 2-door coupe
2-door convertible
3-door hatchback
4-door sedan
4-door SUV
5-door hatchback

| engine =

| transmission =

| front_suspension =

| rear_suspension =

| wheelbase =

| related =

| vehicles =

}}

Delta is a General Motors compact front-wheel-drive automobile and crossover SUV platform, originally developed by Opel Group. It was a successor to the Opel T platform; it also replaced J platform and the Z platform used by the Saturn S-Series. The platform debuted in the 2003 Saturn Ion. Vehicles of this platform generally carry the letter "A" in the fourth character of their VINs.

Delta generally uses an independent suspension on the front and twist-beam type on the rear. The Ecotec engine is widely used, as are 4- and 6-speed automatic and 5-speed manual transmissions.

Delta

= Applications =

Former vehicles based on this platform:

File:Saturn Ion -- 07-09-2009.jpg|Saturn Ion

File:Chevrolet Cobalt LT sedan.jpg|Chevrolet Cobalt

File:Pontiac G5 coupe.jpg|Pontiac G5/G4/Pursuit coupe

File:2007ChevroletHHR-001.jpg|Chevrolet HHR

Delta II

{{more citations needed|date=August 2017}}

{{original research|date=August 2017}}

Delta II was General Motors' global compact car platform, developed by Opel in Germany. It was the successor to the GM Delta platform. Internally, it is simply known as a new Global Compact Vehicle Architecture or GCV.

The platform features a torsion beam (marketed as compound crank) rear suspension with optional Watt's linkage which improves vehicle handling; such configuration is used with the Opel Astra, Buick Verano, Cadillac ELR, Opel Cascada, and higher trim-levels of the American-market Chevrolet Cruze.

This suspension is usually described as semi-independent, meaning that the two wheels can move relative to each other, but their motion is still somewhat inter-linked, to a greater extent than in a true independent rear suspension (IRS). This can mildly compromise the handling and ride quality of the vehicle. For this reason, some manufacturers have changed to different linkage designs. As an example, Volkswagen dropped the torsion beam in favour of a true IRS for the Volkswagen Golf Mk5, possibly in response to the Ford Focus's Control Blade rear suspension.

As noted, certain GM brands and models have continued to use the suspension setup, known variously as twist beam, torsion beam, or compound crank suspension. This is at a cost saving of €100 per car compared to multi-link rear suspension.{{cite web|url=http://www.richardaucock.com/astra-suspension-by-automotive-engineer/ |title=Astra suspension by Automotive Engineer |author=Richard Aucock |date=January 22, 2010 |access-date=2012-09-09 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413154837/http://www.richardaucock.com/astra-suspension-by-automotive-engineer/ |archive-date=2014-04-13 }} The version used on the 2009–2015 Opel Astra and the 2011–2016 Buick Verano uses a Watt's linkage at a cost of €20 to address the drawbacks and provide a competitive and cost-effective rear suspension. The Renault Mégane and Citroen C4 also have stayed with the twist beam.{{cite web|url=http://ae-plus.com/focus/vehicle-dynamics-and-chassis-a-new-leaf|title=Vehicle dynamics & chassis: A new leaf|author=Simon Bickerstaffe|date=December 1, 2010|access-date=September 9, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161103014704/http://ae-plus.com/focus/vehicle-dynamics-and-chassis-a-new-leaf|archive-date=November 3, 2016|url-status=usurped}} The twist beam has been shown to suffer less from bushing wear than a fully independent multi-link suspension, thus resulting in a virtually maintenance-free rear suspension.

GM chose this compact vehicle architecture for its first Voltec application, the Chevrolet Volt. Production began in November 2010 with the first examples delivered to retail customers in December 2010.{{cite web|url=http://wn.com/NEW_2011_Chevy_Volt__Gearhart_Chevrolet_Delivers_First_Volt_in_America|title=NEW 2011 Chevy Volt - Gearhart Chevrolet Delivers First Volt in America|date=December 16, 2010}}

= Applications =

Production vehicles based on Delta II platform:

  • 2008–2016 Chevrolet Cruze, Daewoo Lacetti Premiere, Holden Cruze{{Cite web |date=2008-07-10 |title=Paris debut for new Chevrolet Cruze sedan - paultan.org |url=https://paultan.org/2008/07/10/paris-debut-for-new-chevrolet-cruze-sedan/ |access-date=2023-03-09 |website=Paul Tan's Automotive News |language=en-US}}
  • 2009–2015 Opel Astra J, Buick Excelle XT
  • 2010–2015 Chevrolet Volt
  • 2010–2018 Chevrolet Orlando
  • 2011–2016 Buick Verano
  • 2011–2015 Opel Ampera
  • 2011–2019 Opel Zafira Tourer C
  • 2013–2016 Cadillac ELR[http://www.autoweek.com/article/20100110/DETROIT/100119997 "GM to produce Cadillac Converj with Volt's plug-in technology"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012061119/http://www.autoweek.com/article/20100110/DETROIT/100119997 |date=2013-10-12 }} (Automotive Week) January 11, 2010{{Failed verification|date=September 2013}}[http://wot.motortrend.com/6609551/auto-news/report-gm-will-produce-volt-based-cadillac-converj-plug-in-concept/index.html "GM Will Produce Volt-Based Cadillac Converj Plug-in Concept"] (Motor Trend) January 11, 2010{{Failed verification|date=September 2013}}
  • 2013–2019 Opel Cascada (also marketed as Vauxhall Cascada, Holden Cascada, Buick Cascada, and Opel Cabrio)
  • 2017–2021 Chevrolet Cavalier

File:Chevrolet Cruze J300 sedan China 2012-04-14.jpg|Chevrolet Cruze

File:20100731 daewoo lacetti premiere 01.jpg|Daewoo Lacetti Premiere

File:2009-2010 Holden Cruze (JG) CDX sedan (2018-08-20).jpg|Holden Cruze

File:Opel Astra Design Edition (J) – Frontansicht (1), 14. August 2011, Heiligenhaus.jpg|Opel Astra J

File:2012 Buick Verano -- 04-30-2012.JPG|Buick Verano

File:Buick Excelle XT 01 China 2012-04-29.JPG|Buick Excelle XT

File:Buick Excelle GT 01 China 2012-05-20.JPG|Buick Excelle GT

File:2012 Vauxhall Astra SE Turbo 1.4 Front.jpg|Vauxhall Astra Mk6

File:DCA 06 2012 Chevy Volt 4035.JPG|Chevrolet Volt (first generation)

File:2015 Holden Astra (PJ) GTC hatchback (2018-03-28) 01.jpg|Holden Astra

File:2012 Holden Volt (EV MY13) hatchback (26273290082).jpg|Holden Volt

File:Opel Zafira Tourer 1.4 Turbo ecoFLEX Edition (C) – Frontansicht, 15. September 2012, Düsseldorf.jpg|Opel Zafira C

File:2014 Vauxhall Zafira Tourer SRi CDTi Automatic 2.0 Front.jpg|Vauxhall Zafira Mk3

File:Opel Ampera ePionier Edition – Frontansicht, 9. Juli 2012, Heiligenhaus.jpg|Opel Ampera

File:2014 Vauxhall Ampera Positiv CVT 1.4 Front.jpg|Vauxhall Ampera

File:Chevrolet Orlando LTZ 1.8 – Frontansicht, 16. April 2011, Hilden.jpg|Chevrolet Orlando

File:Opel Meriva B front 20100723.jpg|Opel Meriva B

File:2011 Vauxhall Mervia SE 1.4 Front.jpg|Vauxhall Meriva B

File:2014 Cadillac ELR delivery Dec 2013 (1).jpg|Cadillac ELR

File:Opel Cascada 1.6 EDIT Innovation – Frontansicht, 23. März 2014, Düsseldorf.jpg|Opel Cascada

File:2014 Vauxhall Cascada SE CDTi 2.0.jpg|Vauxhall Cascada

File:Buick Cascada (16282443827).jpg|Buick Cascada

File:2017 Holden Cascada (CJ MY17) convertible (2018-11-26).jpg|Holden Cascada

File:Chevrolet Cavalier CN 01 China 2017-03-28.jpg|Chevrolet Cavalier

D2XX/D2UX

General Motors introduced its new global platform named D2XX flexible platform in August 2012. The new platform was mainly engineered by GM's former German subsidiary Opel in Rüsselsheim.[https://archive.today/20130928152715/http://www.cnbc.com/id/101041918 CNBC]{{Dead link|date=May 2024|fix-attempted=yes}} According to GM, the company invested US$220 million for the all-new D2XX platform.{{Citation needed|date=December 2016}}

The platform was developed for compact vehicle architecture, replacing both Delta II and the midsize crossover GM Theta platform.{{Cite web|url=http://www.autoevolution.com/news/gms-d2xx-platform-detailed-48772.html|title = GM's D2XX Platform Detailed|date = 28 August 2012}}

Vehicles that use the new platform included:

File:2017 Chevrolet Cruze LT front 5.26.18.jpg|Chevrolet Cruze

File:2018 Holden Astra (BL) LS sedan (2018-05-02) 01.jpg|Holden Astra Sedan

File:Opel Astra 1.6 CDTI ecoFLEX Edition (K) – Frontansicht, 13. Oktober 2015, Düsseldorf.jpg|Opel Astra K

File:2017 Vauxhall Astra Design 1.4 Front.jpg|Vauxhall Astra Mk7

File:2016 Holden Astra (BK) RSV hatchback (2018-10-22) 01.jpg|Holden Astra Hatchback

File:Buick Verano II hatch GS 01 China 2016-03-28.jpg|Buick Verano GS

File:Chevrolet Volt WAS 2017 1739.jpg|Chevrolet Volt (second generation)

File:Buick Velite 5.jpg|Buick Velite 5

File:Chevrolet Equinox III facelift 001.jpg|Chevrolet Equinox

File:2018 Holden Equinox (EQ) LS wagon (2018-11-29) 01.jpg|Holden Equinox

File:2017 GMC Terrain SLE front 3.25.18.jpg|GMC Terrain

File:Chevrolet Orlando II 005.jpg|Chevrolet Orlando

= GM-PATAC K =

In 2015, Pan Asia Technical Automotive Center (PATAC), GM's joint development center with SAIC, revealed their own simplified variant of D2XX, known as the "GM-PATAC K" platform (rather than "K" so as to distinguish it from the former GM K platforms).{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2019/01/new-details-about-all-new-chevrolet-monza-sedan-emerge/|title=New Details About All-New Chevrolet Monza Sedan Emerge|website=GM Authority|date=23 January 2019|access-date=2020-04-17}} The following vehicles use this variant of the platform, none of which are sold in the United States:

File:2018 Buick Excelle GT front.jpg|Buick Excelle GT

File:2016 Chevrolet Cavalier, front 8.13.18.jpg|Chevrolet Cavalier

File:Chevrolet Monza IMG001.jpg|Chevrolet Monza

File:Buick GL6 2 China 2018-03-20.jpg|Buick GL6

References

{{Reflist|30em}}

External links

{{commons category}}

  • [http://www.gmdelta.com GM Delta Enthusiasts (a part of the GM Enthusiast Network)]
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20110629000205/http://www.autoweek.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=%2F20080602%2FFREE%2F516060181 "Chevy gets new compact car next year"]. Automotive News (2008-06-01)

{{General Motors platforms}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gm Delta Platform}}

Delta