General View of Agriculture county surveys
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File:Cover general view of the agriculture of Somerset.jpg
The General View series of county surveys was an initiative of the Board of Agriculture of Great Britain, of the early 1790s. Many of these works had second editions in the 1810s.
The Board, set up by Sir John Sinclair, was generally a proponent of enclosures.S:Landholding in England/Chapter 19
England
Ireland
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!County !Title !Year !Author !Comment |
King's County (now County Offaly)
|General View of the Agriculture and Manufactures of King's County |1801 |Sir Charles Coote, 2nd Baronet |Coote (1765–1857) was the illegitimate son of Charles Coote, 1st Earl of Bellomont.{{cite book|author=Bernard Burke|title=Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the British Empire|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZU59tRkdl2MC&pg=PA257|year=1865|publisher=Harrison|page=257}} |
Queen's County (now County Laois
|General View of the Agriculture and Manufactures of Queen's County | |Sir Charles Coote | |
County Wicklow
|General View of the Agriculture and Mineralogy, Present State and Circumstances of the County of Wicklow |1801 |Robert Fraser | |
Scotland
File:Berwickshire map Lowe.jpg
File:Eglinton Castle Bridge in 1811.jpg
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!County !Title !Year !Author !Comment |
Aberdeenshire
|General View of the Agriculture and Rural Economy of the County of Aberdeen |1794{{cite DNB|wstitle=Anderson, James (1739-1808)|volume=1}} | |
|General View of the Agriculture of Aberdeenshire
|1811 | |
Angus
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Angus and Forfar |1794 |George Dempster{{cite DNB|wstitle=Dempster, George|volume=14}} | |
|A General View of the Agriculture of Angus
|1794 |James Roger |Roger (1767–1849) was minister at Dunino and father of Charles Rogers.{{cite ODNB|id=23968|title=Rogers, Charles|first=J. H.|last=Burns}} |
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Angus, or Forfarshire
|1813 | |
Argyllshire
|General View of the Agriculture in the County of Argyll. And Western Part of Inverness-shire |1794 |James Robson | |
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Argyll
|1798 | |
Ayrshire
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Ayr |1793 | |
|
|1811 | |
Banffshire
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Banff |1794 | |
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Banff
|1812 |David Souter | |
Berwickshire
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Berwick |1794 |Alexander Lowe |Appendix by Arthur Bruce of the Natural History Society of Edinburgh.{{cite book|author=John Donaldson|title=Agricultural biography: containing a notice of the life and writings of the British authors on agriculture|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_Lu1aAAAAQAAJ|year=1854|page=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_Lu1aAAAAQAAJ/page/n93 76]}} The 1799 History of Berwick by John Fuller had its origins in a submission as the Berwickshire survey.{{cite ODNB|id=10232|first=Christian|last=Kerslake|title=Fuller, John}} |
|
|1808 | |
Bute
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Bute |1816 |William Aiton | |
Caithness
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Caithness |1812, 1815 |John Henderson | |
Clackmannanshire
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Clackmannan |1795 |John Francis Erskine |Erskine was of Marr.{{cite book|author=John Donaldson|title=Agricultural biography: containing a notice of the life and writings of the British authors on agriculture|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_Lu1aAAAAQAAJ|year=1854|page=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_Lu1aAAAAQAAJ/page/n96 79]}} |
Clydesdale
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Clydesdale |1794, 1813 |John Naismith | |
Dumbartonshire
|General View of the Agriculture in the County of Dumbarton |1794 | |
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Dumbarton
|1811 |Andrew Whyte, Duncan Macfarlan | |
Dumfriesshire
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Dumfries |1794 |Johnstone was a minister at Holywood. |
|
|1812 |William Singer | |
Fifeshire
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Fife |1794 |Robert Beatson of Pitteadie (1732–1815) | |
|General View of the Agriculture of Fife
|1800 |John D. D. Thomson | |
Galloway
|General View of the Agriculture of Galloway, Comprehending... Kirkcudbright and... Wigton |1794 |James Webster | |
|General View of the Agriculture of Galloway
|1806 (ODNB) |Samuel Smith |Smith (died 1816) was minister at Borgue, and was grandfather of Samuel Smith (1836–1906).{{cite ODNB|id=36157|title=Smith, Samuel|first=H. C. G.|last=Matthew}} |
Hebrides
|General View of the Agriculture of the Hebrides, or Western Isles of Scotland | |James Macdonald |Macdonald advocated the adoption of the potato as a staple of diet.{{cite book|author=T. C. Smout|title=Exploring Environmental History: Selected Essays|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rZNvAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA118|date=11 May 2005|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|isbn=978-0-7486-5397-3|page=118}} |
Central Highlands
|General View of the Agriculture of the Central Highlands of Scotland |1794{{cite ODNB|id=18155|title=Marshall, William|first=G. E.|last=Mingay}} | |
Inverness-shire
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Inverness |1808 |James Robertson | |
Kincardineshire
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Kincardine |1795 |James Donaldson | |
|General View of Kincardineshire
|1813 (ODNB) | |
Kinross
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Kinross |1797 | |
|General View of the Agriculture of the Counties of Kinross and Clackmannan
|1814 |Patrick Graham | |
East Lothian
|General View of the Agriculture and Rural Economy of East Lothian |1794 | |
|General View of the Agriculture of East Lothian
|1805 |Robert Somerville | |
Midlothian
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Mid Lothian |1793 (ODNB), 1794, 1795 |George Robertson |The 1795 Edinburgh edition contained "additional remarks of several respectable gentlemen and farmers in the country".{{cite DNB|wstitle=Robertson, George (1750?-1832)|volume=48}} |
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West Lothian
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of West-Lothian |1794, 1811 |James Trotter | |
Moray
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Elgin or Moray |1794 |James Donaldson | |
Nairn
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Nairn |1794 |James Donaldson | |
|General View of the Agriculture of the Counties of Nairn and Moray
|1813 |William Leslie | - |
Orkneys
|General View of the Agriculture of the Orkney Islands |1814 |John Shirreff | |
Peebleshire
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Peebles, with Various Suggestions |1802 | |
Perthshire
|General View of the Agriculture of the Carse of Gowrie, in the County of Perth |1794 |James Donaldson | |
|General View of the Agriculture in the Southern Districts of the County of Perth
|1794 |James Robertson | |
|General View of the Agriculture in the County of Perth
|1799 |James Robertson | |
Renfrewshire
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Renfrew | |Alexander Martin | |
|General View of the Agriculture of Renfrewshire ... and an Account of its Commerce and Manufactures
|1812 |John Wilson | |
Ross and Cromarty
|General Survey of the Counties of Ross and Cromarty | |
Roxburghshire
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Roxburgh |1794 | |
|General View of the Agriculture of the Counties of Roxburgh and Selkirk
|1798{{cite ODNB|id=64369|title=Douglas, Robert|first=Geoffrey|last=Carnall}} |The survey is considered partisan on the enclosure question. |
Selkirkshire
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Selkirk |1794 |Thomas Johnston | |
Shetlands
|General View of the Agriculture of the Shetland Islands |1814 |John Shirreff | |
Stirlingshire
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Stirling |1796 |R. Belsches | |
|General View of the Agriculture of Stirlingshire
|1812 |Patrick Graham | |
Sutherland
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Sutherland |1812 |John Henderson | |
Tweedale
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Tweedale |1794 |Thomas Johnston | |
Wales
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!County !Title !Year !Author !Comment |
North Wales
|General View of the Agriculture of North Wales |1794 |George Kay | |
|General View of the Agriculture and Domestic Economy of North Wales
| | |
South Wales
|General View of the Agriculture and Domestic Economy of South Wales | |Walter Davies | |
Anglesey
| |1794 (ODNB) |George Kay | |
Brecknockshire
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Brecknock |1794 |Clark considered the local cattle to be poor.{{Cite journal |last=Colyer |first=R. J. |date=1974 |title=Some Welsh Breeds of Cattle in the Nineteenth Century |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40273576 |journal=The Agricultural History Review |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=1–17 |issn=0002-1490}} |
Cardigan
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Cardigan | |Thomas Lloyd, David Turnor |Lloyd was Capt. Thomas Lloyd R.N. of Cilgwyn, a noted agricultural improver.{{cite book|author=David W. Howell|title=Patriarchs and Parasites: The Gentry of South-west Wales in the Eighteenth Century|url=https://archive.org/details/patriarchsparasi00howe|url-access=registration|date=1 January 1986|publisher=University of Wales Press|isbn=978-0-7083-0929-2|page=[https://archive.org/details/patriarchsparasi00howe/page/72 72]}} Turnor was a clergyman, reclaimer of land, and founder of a Society for Encouragement of Agriculture.{{cite book|author=J. E. Thomas|title=Social Disorder in Britain 1750-1850: The Power of the Gentry, Radicalism and Religion in Wales|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vibw_vYAxeIC&pg=PA47|date=15 August 2011|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=978-1-84885-503-8|page=47}} |
Carmarthen
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Carmarthen |1794 |Charles Hassall |
Glamorgan
|General View of the Agriculture of the Country of Glamorgan |1796 |John Fox | |
Monmouthshire
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Monmouth |1794 |John Fox | |
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|1815 |Charles Hassall | |
Pembrokeshire
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Pembroke |1794 |Charles Hassall | |
Radnorshire
|General View of the Agriculture of the County of Radnor |1794 |John Clark | |
Other
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!County !Title !Year !Author !Comment |
Channel Islands
|General View of the Agriculture and Present State of the Islands on the Coast of Normandy, Subject to the Crown of Great Britain |1815 |Thomas Quayle | |
Isle of Man
|General View of the Agriculture of the Isle of Man |1794 |Basil Quayle | |
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|Thomas Quayle | |
General
William Marshall, who had written the Central Highlands survey, was a rival of Arthur Young, and at odds with him over the surveys. He wrote at length about the reports in 1808 to 1817, producing a five-volume Review, generally critical of the reports.{{cite book|author=John Gerow Gazley|title=The Life of Arthur Young, 1741-1820|pages=499–500|year=1973|publisher=American Philosophical Society|isbn=978-0-87169-097-5}}{{cite book|author=William Humphrey Marshall|title=A review of the reports to the Board of agriculture|url=https://archive.org/details/reviewofreportst00mars|year=1808}}{{cite book|author=William Marshall|title=A Review and Complete Abstract of the Reports to the Board of Agriculture from the Southern and Peninsular Departments of England|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w5dgAAAAcAAJ|year=1817}}{{cite DNB|wstitle=Shirreff, John|volume=52}} William Lester's History of British Implements and Machinery applicable to Agriculture (1811) drew heavily on extracts from the surveys, where those covered agricultural implements. His introduction commented on the difficulty in referring farmers directly to the reports.{{cite book|author=William Lester|title=A History of British Implements and Machinery applicable to Agriculture; with observations on their improvement|url=https://archive.org/details/b22010713|year=1811|publisher=Longman and Company}}
Sir John Sinclair wrote a number of related works:
- General View of the Agriculture of the Northern Counties and Islands of Scotland (1795)
- Account of the Origin of the Board of Agriculture and its Progress for Three Years after its Establishment (1796)
- General Report of the Agricultural State and Political State of Scotland (1814)
- Hints Regarding the Agricultural State of the Netherlands, Compared with that of Great Britain (1815)
Sources
- http://www.bahs.org.uk/LIBRALall.html