Geometrically and materially nonlinear analysis with imperfections included

Geometrically and materially nonlinear analysis with imperfections included (GMNIA), is a structural analysis method designed to verify the strength capacity of a structure, which accounts for both plasticity and buckling failure modes.{{cite journal

|last1=Marques

|first1=Liliana

|first2=Luís

|last2=Simões da Silva

|first3=Richard

|last3=Greiner

|first4=Carlos

|last4=Rebelo

|first5=Andreas

|last5=Taras

|date=2013

|title=Development of a consistent design procedure for lateral–torsional buckling of tapered beams

|journal=Journal of Constructional Steel Research

|volume=89

|pages=213–235

|doi=10.1016/j.jcsr.2013.07.009

}}

GMNIA is currently considered the most sophisticated and perspectively the most accurate method of a numerical buckling strength verification.{{cite journal|title=Stimulating Equivalent Geometric Imperfections for the Numerical Buckling Strength Verification of Axially Compressed Cylindrical Steel Shells | doi=10.1007/s00466-005-0728-8 | volume=37|journal=Computational Mechanics| year=2006 |pages=530–536| last1=Schneider | first1=W. | issue=6 | bibcode=2006CompM..37..530S | s2cid=123335080 }}{{cite web

|url=http://www.shf.tugraz.at/pdf/publication/beam/or_simul_prag03.pdf

|title=Buckling check of members and frames based on numerical simulations

|author=R. Ofner

|url-status=dead

|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070922184645/http://www.shf.tugraz.at/pdf/publication/beam/or_simul_prag03.pdf

|archivedate=2007-09-22

}}