George Brian Sinclair

George Brian Sinclair was born in Shirley, Warwickshire, (now in the West Midlands) on 21 July 1928 to Thomas Stoddart Sinclair, a civil engineer and businessman, and his wife Blanche. He attended Christ's College, Finchley and, from 1945, the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst to train as a British Army officer. Whilst there Sinclair acquired the nickname "Gus" in unclear circumstance, but by which he became best known. Sinclair was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Royal Engineers on 21 October 1948 and spent the next two years in a training regiment.{{London Gazette |issue=38465|date=23 November 1948|page=6180|supp=y}} He was promoted to lieutenant on 21 October 1950 and given command of a troop of 25 Field Squadron, which was then a sub-unit of 27 Field Engineer Regiment with the British Army of the Rhine.{{London Gazette |issue=39046|date=20 October 1950|page=5234|supp=y}} Sinclair afterwards served as intelligence and signals officer of the regiment.

Sinclair was posted to Korea in 1953, though he queried his orders as they had been sent after the Korean War had ended in a ceasefire. Upon reporting to his unit, 28 Field Engineer Regiment, he found his arrival was unexpected and, with no military tasks requiring his attention, he was put to work designing a sewerage system for a civilian village. Sinclair found more conventional military employment after his appointment as adjutant when the previous incumbent was dismissed for unsuitable behaviour. Sinclair was promoted to captain on 21 October 1954 and left Korea the following year.{{London Gazette |issue=40307|date=26 October 1954|page=6042|supp=y}}

File:Royal Engineers construct the airfield runway on Christmas Island.jpg

In 1956 Sinclair was appointed a staff officer to Major-General John Woollett, the chief engineer of Operation Grapple, the first attempted detonation of a British-made thermonuclear weapon (hydrogen bomb). In this role he was responsible for constructing an airfield and air-conditioned bomb-storage facilities at Malden Island in the British colony of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands. The tests in May and June did not reach achieve megaton equivalence and were regarded as failures; a series of additional tests were ordered at Kiritimati, some {{Convert|400|mi|km}} to the north. Sinclair was appointed adjutant of the Royal Engineer regiment supporting these tests. He disputed orders from the Ministry of Defence (MoD), requiring him to arrange for the island's entire {{convert|100|mi|km|adj=on}} coastline to be patrolled against landings by Soviet spies. Sinclair considered that five infantry battalions would be required to achieve this; this was disputed by the MoD who sent out a Royal Air Force group captain to investigate. This officer agreed with Sinclair's assessment and the patrol orders were subsequently rescinded. Operation Grapple successfully delivered a megaton-level explosion in November.

Sinclair directly witnessed a number of nuclear tests during Operation Grapple, and in the late 1970s was asked to provide evidence in the case of a sergeant who died from leukaemia. The sergeant's widow claimed he had contracted the cancer as a result of his official duties of photographing the tests. Sinclair supported the widow and provided evidence that the sergeant had been in close proximity to the test sites, despite pressure from an MoD

permanent under-secretary not to become involved in the case.

Sinclair was promoted to major on 21 October 1961 and to lieutenant colonel 30 June 1967.{{London Gazette |issue=42491|date=17 October 1961|page=7580|supp=y}}{{London Gazette |issue=44357|date=30 June 1967|page=7383|supp=y}} In 1969 he was appointed Commander Royal Engineers Near East Land Forces, based at the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia. Following the September 1969 Libyan coup d'état in which King Idris was deposed by Colonel Gaddafi, the MoD issued orders to abandon a base in the Libyan desert, which had been intended for use in training British forces. Sinclair argued that the buildings erected at the site were valuable and could be used at other British bases. He flew to the site with Air Marshal Denis Smallwood, Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Near East Air Force, and his subsequent report persuaded the MoD to authorise the recovery of 85 Twynham huts, 2 aircraft hangars and a number of storage sheds. Sinclair returned from Cyprus in 1971.

Sinclair was promoted colonel on 30 June 1972 and by 1 January 1975, when he was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the 1975 New Year Honours, held a position at the MoD.{{London Gazette |issue=45718|date=3 July 1972|page=7976|supp=y}}{{London Gazette |issue=46444|date=31 December 1974|page=6|supp=y}} He was afterwards appointed as head of the general staff of I Corps, stationed in Germany with the British Army of the Rhine. Sinclair was promoted to brigadier on 30 June 1975 and the following year became commandant of the Royal School of Military Engineering in Chatham.{{London Gazette |issue=46621|date=30 June 1975|page=8369|supp=y}} During this posting Sinclair was attacked by a mugger on Chatham Common and fought off his assailant. Sinclair was appointed Engineer in Chief (Army) on 1 July 1980 and granted the acting rank of major general.{{London Gazette |issue=48245|date=8 July 1980|page=9714|supp=y}} His rank was confirmed as substantive on 29 November 1980, with seniority backdated to 1 April 1980.{{London Gazette |issue=48490|date=12 January 1981|page=462|supp=y}}

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Sinclair played an important role in the reconstruction of the Falkland Islands after the 1982 war ended in June and became known among the British forces on the islands as "that Sapper brigadier who solves problems and gets things done". A key task was to get the runway at Stanley airfield repaired and improved for use Phantom fighter jets. These could take over air defence duties from the Royal Navy's Sea Harriers and allow the two aircraft carriers, which had been on active duty since April, to return to home waters. British prime minister Margaret Thatcher was keen for the army to carry out the necessary works so that the money would come from the defence budget. Sinclair found that the necessary work could not take place while the runway was in use for other traffic and recommended instead that a new runway be built elsewhere by civilian contractors from general government funds. The funding issue brought Sinclair into dispute with the defence secretary John Nott, during which Sinclair came close to resigning his commission. In January 1983 Michael Heseltine was appointed as Nott's successor and resolved the matter. Heseltine asked Sinclair to clear the current runway of mines and install metal matting to allow temporary use by Phantoms of No. 23 Squadron RAF and Hercules transport aircraft; work on a permanent replacement (RAF Mount Pleasant) was begun by contractors in 1983.{{cite web |title=Falkland Islands (Strategic Airfield) (Hansard, 27 June 1983) |url=https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1983/jun/27/falkland-islands-strategic-airfield |website=House of Commons debate 27 June 1983 vol 44 cc345-51 |publisher=Hansard |access-date=3 June 2020}} In recognition of his work in the Falklands Sinclair was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath in the 1983 New Year Honours.{{London Gazette |issue=49212|date=30 December 1982|page=3|supp=y}}

Sinclair was appointed to the honorary and ceremonial role of colonel commandant of the Corps of Royal Engineers on 25 March 1983.{{London Gazette |issue=49314|date=11 April 1983|page=4947|supp=y}} On 18 April his appointment as engineer in chief ended and he retired from the army on 13 June.{{London Gazette |issue=49322|date=18 April 1983|page=5310|supp=y}}{{London Gazette |issue=49392|date=20 June 1983|page=8191|supp=y}} After retirement Sinclair worked for the contractor Tarmac Group, including during the construction of the Channel Tunnel (1988–1994).{{cite news |title=Major-General 'Gus' Sinclair obituary |url=https://www.thetimes.com/article/major-general-gus-sinclair-obituary-35dr26f65 |access-date=2 June 2020 |work=The Times |date=28 May 2020 |language=en}} He was appointed honorary colonel of the Airfield Damage Repair Squadrons, Royal Engineers (Volunteers) of the Territorial Army on 1 May 1984.{{London Gazette |issue=49787|date=25 June 1984|page=8743|supp=y}} On 23 July 1988 Sinclair was appointed honorary colonel of the Engineer and Railway Staff Corps, a unit of civilian experts that provide engineering and logistics advice to the army.{{London Gazette |issue=51441|date=15 August 1988|page=9270|supp=y}}{{cite web |title=Engineer and Logistic Staff Corps |url=https://www.army.mod.uk/documents/general/network_of_advisors.pdf|archive-date=28 July 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080728133332/https://www.army.mod.uk/documents/general/network_of_advisors.pdf |publisher=British Army}} His honorary appointment with the Airfield Damage Repair Squadrons ended on 30 November 1988; with the Corps of Royal Engineers on 26 March 1991 and with the renamed Engineer and Transport Staff Corps on 28 October 1993.{{London Gazette |issue=51650|date=20 February 1989|page=2176|supp=y}}{{London Gazette |issue=52542|date=28 May 1991|page=8197|supp=y}}{{London Gazette |issue=53472|date=1 November 1993|page=17533|supp=y}}

Sinclair married Margaret Richardson from Armagh, Northern Ireland, in 1953; they had two sons and a daughter together. Margaret died in 2011. In retirement Sinclair lived at St Boswells in the Scottish Borders where he enjoyed walking.

Sinclair was admitted as a member of the Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers, a dining and discussion group, in 1985.{{cite book |last1=Watson |first1=Garth |title=The Smeatonians: The Society of Civil Engineers |date=1989 |publisher=Thomas Telford |isbn=978-0-7277-1526-5 |page=175 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ybXHDw8u_VcC |language=en}} From 1990 to 2000 he served as a trustee of the Imperial War Museum and contributed to a documentary about Britain's nuclear programme. Sinclair also worked at the Staff College, Camberley where he organised battlefield tours for the students. On 1 March 1996 he was appointed deputy lieutenant for the county of Kent.{{London Gazette |issue=54334|date=1 March 1996|page=3180}} Sinclair wrote The Staff Corps: The History of the Engineer and Logistic Staff Corps RE which was published by the Royal Engineers Museum in 2001.{{cite book |title=The Staff Corps: The History of the Engineer and Logistic Staff Corps RE Hardcover – 15 Aug. 2001 |id={{ASIN|0950645397|country=uk}} }} He collaborated with Colonel D.J. Hindle to produce a second edition in 2015 to mark the 150th anniversary of the corps.{{cite book |last1=Sinclair |first1=G.B. |last2=Hindle |first2=D.J. (Ed.) |title=The Staff Corps: The History of the Engineer and Logistic Staff Corps RE (V) |date=May 2015 |isbn=978-0993267406 |edition=2nd 150-year Anniversary}}

Sinclair died on 17 May 2020.{{cite news |title=Major General Gus Sinclair, staff officer who helped to prepare for Britain's H-Bomb tests – obituary |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/2020/06/10/major-general-gus-sinclair-staff-officer-helped-prepare-britains/ |access-date=20 June 2020 |work=Telegraph |date=10 June 2020}}

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Category:1928 births

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Category:British Army major generals

Category:Royal Engineers officers

Category:Commanders of the Order of the British Empire

Category:Companions of the Order of the Bath

Category:Deputy lieutenants of Kent

Category:People from Warwickshire (before 1974)

Category:Military personnel from the West Midlands (county)

Category:Graduates of the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst

Category:20th-century British Army personnel

Category:People educated at Christ's College, Finchley